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Background: Outside of pregnancy, intuitive eating (IE) is associated with lower body weight, blood glucose, and higher positive mood. However, little was known about the relationship between IE and anxiety-depression in the GDM population. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of IE with anxiety and depression, pregnancy weight and pregnancy blood glucose in the first and second GDM visit. Methods: Data from 310 pregnant women with GDM from the Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital Trial (Approval Number: 2020Y9133) were analyzed. IE was assessed using the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 subscales of Eating for Physiological Reasons rather than Emotional Reasons (EPR), Relying on Hunger and Satiety Cues (RHSC) and Body-Food Choice Consistency (B-FCC). Observations included weight, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-h postprandial blood glucose; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess the level of anxiety and depression in pregnant women with GDM. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the correlation between IE and anxiety, depression, pregnancy blood glucose and weight. Results: The cross-sectional analysis showed that the EPR eating behavior was negatively correlated with anxiety and depression, and the B-FCC eating behavior was negatively correlated with depression at both the first and second GDM visit; in addition, the B-FCC eating behavior was associated with lower BMI in the third trimester (all p < 0.05). In longitudinal analyses, the EPR eating behavior in the first visit for GDM predicted lower levels of anxiety and depression in the second GDM visit, whereas the RHSC eating behavior in the first visit for GDM was associated with lower FPG in the second GDM visit (all p < 0.01). Conclusion: These results suggest that practicing intuitive eating may be beneficial and that higher intuitive eating adherence can lead to lower levels of anxiety and depression and more ideal gestational weight and blood glucose values.
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"Tangjie" leaves of cultivated Qinan agarwood were used to obtain the complete chloroplast genome using high-throughput sequencing technology. Combined with 12 chloroplast genomes of Aquilaria species downloaded from NCBI, bioinformatics method was employed to determine the chloroplast genome characteristics and phylogenetic relationships. The results showed that the chloroplast genome sequence length of cultivated Qinan agarwood "Tangjie" leaves was 174 909 bp with a GC content of 36.7%. A total of 136 genes were annotated, including 90 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Sequence repeat analysis detected 80 simple sequence repeats(SSRs) and 124 long sequence repeats, with most SSRs composed of A and T bases. Codon preference analysis revealed that AUU was the most frequently used codon, and codons with A and U endings were preferred. Comparative analysis of Aquilaria chloroplast genomes showed relative conservation of the IR region boundaries and identified five highly variable regions: trnD-trnY, trnT-trnL, trnF-ndhJ, petA-cemA, and rpl32, which could serve as potential DNA barcodes specific to the Aquilaria genus. Selection pressure analysis indicated positive selection in the rbcL, rps11, and rpl32 genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that cultivated Qinan agarwood "Tangjie" and Aquilaria agallocha clustered together(100% support), supporting the Chinese origin of Qinan agarwood from Aquilaria agallocha. The chloroplast genome data obtained in this study provide a foundation for studying the genetic diversity of cultivated Qinan agarwood and molecular identification of the Aquilaria genus.
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Genoma de Cloroplastos , Thymelaeaceae , Filogenia , Códon , Anotação de Sequência Molecular , Thymelaeaceae/genéticaRESUMO
Four new phomalones A-D (1-4), together with five known analogues (5-9) were isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus Trichobotrys effuse FS522. Their structures of the new compounds established by analysis of their NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic data, and the absolute configurations of 2 was determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. compounds 4, 6 and 8 substantially inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) with IC50 values of 4.64, 13.90, and 34.07â µM.
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Ascomicetos , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Estrutura Molecular , Piranos/química , Piranos/farmacologia , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/farmacologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study explored whether plant-based and animal-based dietary patterns are associated with plasma glucose levels during oral glucose tolerance test in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). DESIGN: A prospective cohort study was conducted using a Food Frequency Questionnaire to collect dietary data. Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the association between dietary patterns and plasma glucose levels. Stratified analyses were conducted according to maternal age, prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and other confounders. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The study, conducted in January 2022 in two hospitals in Fujian, China, involved 424 women diagnosed with GDM using a 75 g 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 gestational weeks. RESULTS: Six maternal dietary patterns (plant based and animal based) were identified. Participants with plant-based pattern had lower 2-hour plasma glucose levels than those with animal-based pattern (ß=-0.314; 95% CI (-0.596 to -0.032)). After adjusting the regression model covariates, this significant association remained (ß=-0.288; 95% CI (-0.568 to -0.008)) and appeared more pronounced in women aged 30 years or above and those with prepregnancy BMI<24 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS: Plant-based pattern is associated with lower plasma glucose levels in women with GDM, which is valuable information for dietary counselling and intervention.
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Glicemia , Diabetes Gestacional , Dieta , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Glicemia/análise , Diabetes Gestacional/diagnóstico , População do Leste Asiático , Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , PlantasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Fruit, vegetable, and fruit juice intake is associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the conclusion is limited and conflicted. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the association between fruit, vegetable, and fruit juice consumption and the risk of GDM. METHODS: To find relevant studies, we searched PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Ovid, EBSCO, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP for the report on prospective cohort studies published from inception to April 8, 2022. Summary relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (Cis) were estimated using a random-effects model. RESULTS: A total of 12 studies with 32,794 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Total fruit consumption was associated with a lower risk of GDM (RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86-0.99). Whereas an increasing the consumption of vegetable, including all vegetable (RR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.87-1.03), starchy vegetable (RR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.82-1.26), and fruit juice (RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.91-1.04) was not associated with a reduction in the risk of GDM. In a doseâresponse analysis of eight studies, a 3% reduction in risk of GDM for a 100 g/d increase in fruit consumption (RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.96-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that higher fruit consumption may reduce the risk of GDM, with a 3% reduction in the risk of GDM for every 100 g/d increase in fruit intake. Higher-quality prospective studies or randomized clinical trials are required to validate the effect of different variations of fruits, vegetables, and fruit juice consumption on the risk of GDM.
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Diabetes Gestacional , Verduras , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Frutas , Diabetes Gestacional/epidemiologia , Comportamento Alimentar , Estudos Prospectivos , Sucos de Frutas e VegetaisRESUMO
Objective: This study aimed to explore the influencing factors of sub-health and circadian rhythm disorder among midwives and whether circadian rhythm disorder was associated with sub-health. Methods: A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted among 91 Chinese midwives from six hospitals through cluster sampling. Data were collected by demographic questionnaire, Sub-Health Measurement Scale version 1.0, and circadian rhythm detection. Minnesota single and population mean cosine methods were used to analyze the rhythm of cortisol, melatonin, and temperature. Binary logistic regression, nomograph model, and forest plot were performed to identify variables associated with midwives' sub-health. Results: There were 65 midwives with sub-health and 61, 78, and 48 midwives with non-validation of circadian rhythms of cortisol, melatonin, and temperature among 91 midwives, respectively. Midwives' sub-health was significantly related to age, duration of exercise, weekly working hours, job satisfaction, cortisol rhythm, and melatonin rhythm. Based on these six factors, the nomogram was presented with significant predictive performance for sub-health. Furthermore, cortisol rhythm was significantly associated with physical, mental, and social sub-health, whereas melatonin rhythm was significantly correlated with physical sub-health. Conclusion: Sub-health and circadian rhythm disorder were generally common among midwives. Nurse administrators are supposed to pay attention and take measures to prevent sub-health and circadian rhythm disorder among midwives.
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Transtornos Cronobiológicos , Melatonina , Tocologia , Humanos , Gravidez , Feminino , Prevalência , Temperatura , Estudos Transversais , População do Leste Asiático , Hidrocortisona , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Propolis is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. Studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of propolis extracts and its major bioactive compound caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on obesity and diabetes. Herein, CAPE was found to have pharmacological activity against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in diet-induced obese mice. CAPE, previously reported as an inhibitor of bacterial bile salt hydrolase (BSH), inhibited BSH enzymatic activity in the gut microbiota when administered to mice. Upon BSH inhibition by CAPE, levels of tauro-ß-muricholic acid were increased in the intestine and selectively suppressed intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling. This resulted in lowering of the ceramides in the intestine that resulted from increased diet-induced obesity. Elevated intestinal ceramides are transported to the liver where they promoted fat production. Lowering FXR signaling was also accompanied by increased GLP-1 secretion. In support of this pathway, the therapeutic effects of CAPE on NAFLD were absent in intestinal FXR-deficient mice, and supplementation of mice with C16-ceramide significantly exacerbated hepatic steatosis. Treatment of mice with an antibiotic cocktail to deplete BSH-producing bacteria also abrogated the therapeutic activity of CAPE against NAFLD. These findings demonstrate that CAPE ameliorates obesity-related steatosis at least partly through the gut microbiota-bile acid-FXR pathway via inhibiting bacterial BSH activity and suggests that propolis enriched with CAPE might serve as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Própole , Camundongos , Animais , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/metabolismo , Própole/metabolismo , Própole/farmacologia , Própole/uso terapêutico , Intestinos , Fígado/metabolismo , Obesidade/tratamento farmacológico , Bactérias/metabolismo , Ceramidas/metabolismo , Ácidos e Sais Biliares/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BLRESUMO
Background: There is a significant gender difference in the prevalence of depression. Recent studies have shown that estrogen plays a crucial role in depression. Therefore, studying the specific mechanism of estrogen's role in depression can provide new ideas to address the treatment of depression. Chaigui granule has been shown to have exact antidepressant efficacy, and the contents of saikosaponin (a, b1, b2, d) and paeoniflorin in Chaigui granule are about 0.737% and 0.641%, respectively. Some studies have found that they can improve depression-induced decrease in testosterone (T) levels (â¼36.99% decrease compared to control). However, whether Chaigui granule can exert antidepressant efficacy by regulating estrogen is still unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the regulation of estrogen levels by Chaigui granule and the underlying mechanism of its anti-depressant effect. Methods: Eighty-four male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were modeled using a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) procedure. The administration method was traditional oral gavage administration, and behavioral indicators were used to evaluate the anti-depressant effect of Chaigui granule. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adopted to assess the modulating impact of Chaigui granule on sex hormones. Then, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and Western blot (WB) techniques were employed to detect extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling-related molecules downstream of estradiol in the hippocampus tissue. Results: The administration of Chaigui granule significantly alleviated the desperate behavior of CUMS-induced depressed rats. According to the results, we found that Chaigui granule could upregulate the level of estradiol (E2) in the serum (â¼46.56% increase compared to model) and hippocampus (â¼26.03% increase compared to model) of CUMS rats and increase the levels of CYP19A1 gene and protein, which was the key enzyme regulating the synthesis of T into E2 in the hippocampus. Chaigui granule was also found to have a significant back-regulatory effect on the gene and protein levels of ERß, ERK1, and ERK2. Conclusion: Chaigui granule can increase the synthesis of E2 in the hippocampus of CUMS-induced depressed rats and further exert antidepressant effects by activating the CYP19A1-E2-ERKs signaling pathway.
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Circadian rhythm disorder is a common society issue caused by jet lag,shift work,sleep disruption and changes in food consumption. Light is the major factor affecting the circadian rhythm system. Disruption of the circadian rhythm system can cause damage to the body,leading to some diseases. Maintaining a normal circadian system is of great importance for good health. Ideal therapeutic effect can not only alleviate symptoms of the diseases,but also recovery the disturbed circadian rhythm to normal. The paper summarizes the modeling methods of animal circadian rhythm disorder,diseases of circadian rhythm abnormality,regulation of circadian clock genes and medicine which are related to circadian rhythm to diseases of circadian rhythm disorder.
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Ritmo Circadiano , Transtornos do Sono do Ritmo Circadiano , Animais , Ritmo Circadiano/genética , Humanos , Síndrome do Jet Lag/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome do Jet Lag/genética , SonoRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The compatibility of Bupleurum chinense DC (Chaihu)-Paeonia lactiflora Pall (Baishao) is one of the most accepted herb pairs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions for treating depression. However, the combination mechanisms of this herb pair for anti-depression remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, the combined effect of Chaihu-Baishao was evaluated by the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat model. Secondly, network pharmacology was constructed to dissect the united mechanisms. Based on the results of network pharmacology analysis, plasma metabolomics based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) was performed to discover the collaborative effect on metabolite regulation. Furthermore, the targets from network pharmacology and the metabolites from metabolomics were jointly analyzed to select crucial metabolism pathways by MetaScape. Finally, the key metabolic enzymes and metabolites were experimentally validated by ELISA. RESULTS: The antidepressant effect of Chaihu-Baishao herb pair was significantly better than Chaihu or Baishao in sucrose preference test (SPT), open-field test (OFT), and forced swim test (FST). In network pharmacology, herb pair played synergetic effect through regulating shared pathways, such as MAPK signaling pathway and arachidonic acid metabolism, etc. Besides, by metabolomics, the herb pair improved more metabolites (14) than a single herb (10 & 9) and has a stronger regulation effect on metabolites. Correspondingly, herb pair adjusted more metabolism pathways (5) than individual herb (4 & 4). Furthermore, the arachidonic acid metabolism was selected as crucial metabolism pathways by a joint analysis of 199 targets and 14 metabolites. The results showed that herb pair regulated arachidonic acid metabolism by synergetic reducing the level of arachidonic acid, and inhibiting the enzyme activity of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (PTGS1) and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2). CONCLUSIONS: This work provided an integrated strategy for revealing the combination mechanisms of Chaihu-Baishao herb pair for treating depression, and also a rational way for clarifying the composition rules of TCM.
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Antidepressivos/uso terapêutico , Bupleurum , Depressão/tratamento farmacológico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Metabolômica/métodos , Paeonia , Animais , Antidepressivos/isolamento & purificação , Depressão/metabolismo , Depressão/psicologia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS and ICP-MS coupled with multivariate statistical analysis was employed to explore the differences in chemical compositions of Guilingji(GLJ) before and after alchemy.The changes in organic chemical compositions and inorganic elements were observed and 39 differential organic compositions were found in GLJ after alchemy, 24 compounds of which were identified. The differential compositions of GLJ included violet ketones, chalcones, amides, and fatty acids whose contents were increased after alchemy, as well as flavones, isoflavones, dihydroflavones, flavonoid glycosides, and coumarins whose content were decreased after alchemy. This study showed 6 inorganic elements filtered out as markers for distinguishing GLJ before and after alchemy, including B, Si, Mg, K, Cr, and Ni.The contents of Mg, K, Cr and Ni were increased while the contents of B and Si were decreased after alchemy.The difference of the contents after alchemy changed the cold and hot properties of the compound, showing the decrease of dryness, and the hot property was changed to warm and neutral properties; in addition, the membrane permeability and absorption of the compound compositions were improved. In this study, we preliminarily investigated the changes of chemical compositions in GLJ before and after alchemy as well as the effects of alchemy on physical and chemical properties and cold-heat nature of GLJ, laying a foundation for further clarifying the scientific connotation of alchemy process.
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Alquimia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Glicosídeos , Análise Multivariada , Espectrometria de Massas em TandemRESUMO
Cholagogic traditional Chinese medicines refer to those that can promote bile secretion and excretion, strengthen gallbladder contraction and promote gallbladder emptying. They are mainly used to treat cholecystitis, gallstones, cholestasis, biliary tract infection, jaundice hepatitis and other diseases in clinical application. As a traditional medicine in our country, Chinese herbal medicines have many advantages, such as extensive resources, low cost, little or no toxic and side effects, and in addition, it is not easy for animals to produce drug resistance. With the progress of science and technology and the rapid development of traditional Chinese medicine, many achievements have been made in the research of cholagogic traditional Chinese medicines. Traditional Chinese medicine plays a cholagogic role mainly by promoting bile secretion, regulating SCP2 mRNA, FXR, BSEP and efflux transporter protein, dissolving cholesterol, promoting the relaxation of Oddi's sphincter and changing the composition of bile, etc. Traditional Chinese medicine decoction, traditional Chinese medicine preparation, Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture, ear acupoint pressing, soaking bath, western medicine and alike are often used to treat biliary system diseases in clinical practice. The effective rate of combination of traditional Chinese medicine and other methods was significantly higher than that of compound prescription, western medicine, acupuncture and soaking bath alone. General attack therapy and new therapies are also used in clinical treatment. The clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine is remarkable. By means of literature review, the pharmacological effects, mechanism and clinical application of Chinese herbal medicines and compound prescriptions with gallbladder-promoting effect in the past 15 years were summarized in this paper. At the same time, some existing problems were found and prospects were expected.
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Bile/metabolismo , Colagogos e Coleréticos/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Animais , PrescriçõesRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Guilingji (GLJ) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription for the treatment of Kidney-Yang deficiency syndrome (KYDS). AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to address the protective effects of GLJ against KYDS in rats with pharmacodynamic indicators and target tissues (adrenal gland and testis) metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The rats were injected intraperitoneally (i.p) hydrocortisone to simulate KYDS and administered orally of GLJ for 30 days. Traditional pharmacodynamic indicators (body weight, behavioral indicators, biochemical parameters and histological examination) were performed to evaluate the efficacy of GLJ. Furthermore, adrenal gland and testis metabolic profiles obtained by UHPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap-MS coupled with multivariate analysis were conducted to explore the metabolic regulation mechanism of GLJ. RESULTS: After administration of GLJ, the weight, levels of behavioral indicators and biochemical parameters of rats were increased compared with those of the model group, and the abnormalities of morphology in adrenal and testicular tissues were improved. Furthermore, GLJ had recovering effects via the adjustment of vitamins metabolism, which was accompanied by lipids metabolism, amino acid metabolism and nucleotides metabolism. CONCLUSIONS: The study firstly integrated the target tissues metabolic profiles, which were complementary, and GLJ had protective effects on KYDS rats via the regulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis, oxidant-antioxidant balance and energy acquisition.
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Glândulas Suprarrenais/efeitos dos fármacos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Nefropatias/prevenção & controle , Metaboloma/efeitos dos fármacos , Metabolômica , Testículo/efeitos dos fármacos , Deficiência da Energia Yang/prevenção & controle , Glândulas Suprarrenais/metabolismo , Animais , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Metabolismo Energético/efeitos dos fármacos , Nefropatias/metabolismo , Masculino , Oxirredução , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray , Testículo/metabolismo , Fatores de Tempo , Deficiência da Energia Yang/metabolismoRESUMO
Guilingji (GLJ), a traditional Chinese medicine, is of wide concern because of its remarkable antiaging effect with a long application history. It mainly consists of traditional Chinese herbs, that is, Ginseng radix et rhizoma rubra. This study focused on the anti-aging effects of GLJ on natural aging rats and its underlying mechanisms. Morris water maze was used to determine the learning and memory ability of rats. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), acetylcholine (ACh), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in serum were determined. Furthermore, a 1H-NMR-based serum metabolomics coupled with multivariate data analysis was used to identify potential biomarkers and corresponding metabolic pathways. The results showed that GLJ significantly improved the learning and memorial dysfunctions of natural aging rats. The mechanisms of the anti-aging and memory ameliorative effects of GLJ related to balancing oxidative stress, improving cholinergic system. Its specific mechanism of action may be through regulating pyruvate metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism.
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Envelhecimento/efeitos dos fármacos , Biomarcadores/sangue , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/efeitos dos fármacos , Transtornos da Memória/tratamento farmacológico , Metaboloma/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
RB-2 and RB-4 are two structural analogs of polyacetylene from Radix Bupleuri that show antidepressant effects. However, no metabolic data are available to elucidate their systemic homeostasis. Mass spectrometry combined with liver microsomes and recombinant drug-metabolizing enzymes were performed to profile the biotransformations of RB-2/RB-4 in vitro and in vivo. Oxidation should be the major metabolic pathways for them in phase I, while CYP2C9 and CYP2E1 was the major contributor. In phase II, conjugational groups usually combined with the metabolites from phase I. This study provides an important reference basis for the safety evaluation and rational application of RB-2/RB-4.
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Bupleurum , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Microssomos Hepáticos , Estrutura Molecular , Polímero Poliacetilênico , Poli-InosRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Guilingji (GLJ), a famous and classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, has been used to extend the lifespan and improve the life qualities of the elderly for hundreds of years in China. AIM OF THE STUDY: We aimed to explore the protective effects of GLJ on the testicular dysfunction of aging rats, as well as the regulating effects of GLJ on the metabolic disturbance and metabolite changes in natural aging rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty 23-month-old rats were divided randomly into four groups, including the old control group and three groups of GLJ treatment at 37.5, 75, and 150â¯mg/kg doses, respectively. Additionally, 10 four-month rats were included as the youth control group. Testicular dysfunction was first evaluated by measuring the changes in the wet weights of the testicles, concentration of serum testosterone (T), and morphologic changes of the testis. Subsequently, an 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach coupled with multivariate analysis, including partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was applied to monitor the metabolite changes. RESULTS: Compared with the old control group, the wet weights of the testicles and T concentration were significantly increased, while the morphologic abnormality of testicular tissues was improved by a 4-week treatment course with GLJ. Furthermore, compared with the old control group, the urinary levels of alanine, pantothenate, phenylalanine, ß-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate were significantly decreased after a 4-week treatment course with GLJ. Additionally, we found that amino acid metabolism and pyruvate metabolism were significantly involved in the regulatory effect of GLJ. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings provided, for the first time, sound evidence of the protective effects of GLJ on testicular dysfunction from both biochemical and metabolomics perspectives. The mechanisms of GLJ could be related to regulating amino acid metabolism and pyruvate metabolism. The current study lays an important foundation for further research and for the broad clinical application of GLJ.
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Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacologia , Testículo/efeitos dos fármacos , Envelhecimento , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Animais , Masculino , Metabolômica , Espectroscopia de Prótons por Ressonância Magnética , Ácido Pirúvico/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Testículo/patologia , Testosterona/sangueRESUMO
Five new chromone-derived polyketides phaseolorins A-F (1â»5), together with nine known compounds, were isolated from the deep-sea derived fungus Diaporthe phaseolorum FS431. The structures of new compounds were determined by analysis of their NMR and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS) spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations were confirmed by chemical transformations, extensively experimental electron capture detection (ECD) calculations, or X-ray crystallography. Among them, compound 2 represented the first example for a new family of chromone derivative possessing an unprecedented recombined five-member γ-lactone ring. Moreover, the new compounds (1â»5) were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activities against a panel of human cancer cell lines.
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Organismos Aquáticos/química , Fungos/química , Policetídeos/química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Cromonas/química , Cristalografia por Raios X , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Humanos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Estrutura Molecular , Policetídeos/isolamento & purificação , Policetídeos/farmacologia , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por ElectrosprayRESUMO
Five new benzophenone derivatives named tenellones Dâ»H (1â»5), sharing a rare naturally occurring aldehyde functionality in this family, and a new eremophilane derivative named lithocarin A (7), together with two known compounds (6 and 8), were isolated from the deep marine sediment-derived fungus Phomopsis lithocarpus FS508. All of the structures for these new compounds were fully characterized and established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic interpretation and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 5 exhibited cytotoxic activity against HepG-2 and A549 cell lines with IC50 values of 16.0 and 17.6 µM, respectively.
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Aldeídos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Organismos Aquáticos/química , Ascomicetos/química , Benzofenonas/farmacologia , Células A549 , Aldeídos/química , Aldeídos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/isolamento & purificação , Benzofenonas/química , Benzofenonas/isolamento & purificação , Cristalografia por Raios X , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Estrutura Molecular , Oceanos e MaresRESUMO
In this study,the content of ethanol extraction of agarwood were performed following the method of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(ChP 2015 edition). The chromatographic fingerprints were established by GC-MS. Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicineï¼TCMï¼(version 2012) was employed to calculate the similarity of each chromatogram of agarwood. The ratios of sum peak area in the range of 170-270 min and 0-100 min of individual chromatogram were calculated using square peaks to normalization. AMDIS and RI were employed to identify the common and different peaks. Correlation coefficient P(corr) combined with Variable important in projection(VIP) value was employed to screen the different representative components based on OPLS-DA analysis. Grey related degree and TOPSIS were used to evaluate the quality of artificial agarwoods. The results showed that more than 10.0% of the ethanol extract content was found in 15 batches of artificial agarwoods among the total 18. The similarity of 18 batches artificial agarwoods was 0.439-0.779. The peak area ratios of two intervals were in the range of 0.307-13.254. The 9 common components and 8 different components were identified. Meanwhile, 2% salicylic acid is the best inducer based on grey related degree and TOPSIS. Grey related degree and TOPSIS can be used to evaluate the quality of artificial agarwoods rapidly. These results provide a reference data to evaluate the qualityof artificial agarwood.
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Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Madeira/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Compostos Fitoquímicos/análiseRESUMO
The secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus Cerrena sp.A593 from Pogostemon cablin and their cytotoxic activities were investigated. Eight sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the fermentation broth of the strain A593 by silica gel, reverse phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, HPLC and so on. Their structures were identified as chloriolin B(1), chloriolin C(2), pleurocybellone A(3), dihydrohypnophilin(4), cucumin F(5), antrodin A(6), 10α-hydroxyamorphan-4-en-3-one(7), and connatusin A(8). Compounds 1- 8 were firstly found from the genus Cerrena. All isolated sesquiterpenoids were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activities against HepG-2, SF-268, MCF-7 and NCI-H460 tumor cell lines. Compounds 1-3 showed inhibitory activities against the four tumor cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 20.33 to 63.13 µmolâ¢L⻹.