[Descending myelography with water contrast media by the methods of lateral puncture of the great occipital cisterna]. / Niskhodiashchaia mielografiia s vodorastvorimymi kontrastnymi preparatami metodom bokovoi punktsii bol'shoi zatylochnoi tsisterny.

A method of lateral puncture of the great occipital cistern for descending myelography with water soluble contrast substances was employed. It was used in 150 neurosurgical inpatients aged 4 to 70 with various diseases of the spinal marrow and its coats. A new water soluble drug iopamidol-200 (or 300) (Bracco, Italy) was used for diagnosis of spinal tumors. The drug dosage was worked out for adults as well as for children. A study was made of possible side-effects on a vast clinical material (80 patients). The new contrast substance iopamidol possesses better tolerance by patients and better roentgenocontrast properties than amipack.

[Descending myelography with water-soluble contrast agents using methods of lateral puncture of the great occipital cistern]. / Niskhodiashchaia mielografiia s vodorastvorimymi kontrastnymi preparatami metodom bokovoi punktsii bolshoi zatylochnoi tsisterny.

A method of lateral puncture of the great occipital cistern for descending myelography with water soluble contrast substances was employed. It was used in 150 neurosurgical inpatients aged 4 to 70 with various diseases of the spinal marrow and its coats. A new water soluble drug iopamidol-200 (or 300) (Bracco, Italy) was used for diagnosis of spinal tumors. The drug dosage was worked out for adults as well as for children. A study was made of possible side-effects on a vast clinical material (80 patients). The new contrast substance iopamidol possesses better tolerance by patients and better roentgenocontrast properties than amipack.

[Regulation of cerebral circulation in an upright posture of the human trunk]. / K voprosu o reguliatsii mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniia pri vertikal'nom polozhenii tulovitsa cheloveka.

The functional mechanisms responsible for orthostatic tolerance of cerebral circulation in the normal man and in ambulatory and bedridden neurosurgical patients were investigated, using the following methods: cerebral blood flow by means of xenon-133 clearance, measurement of brain perfusion pressure, ventricular pressure, acid-base equilibrium in the blood flowing in and out of the brain, determination of cardiac output and stroke volume, electroencephalography, and rheography of cerebral and peripheral vessels. In the normal men and patients with compensated neurosurgical pathologies, the transfer into the head-up position induced small changes in the systemic and cerebral regional circulation. This was associated with complex reactions of the vascular system triggered by the receptors of the sinocarotid area. The normal response of the vascular system to the orthostatic load involved dilatation of cerebral and constriction of peripheral arteries, tachycardia, increased central venous pressure, moderate decrease of brain perfusion pressure and intraventricular pressure. In vascular pathological reactions constriction of peripheral arteries and veins was disturbed; cardiac output and stroke volume, cerebral blood flow velocity, central venous and intraventricular pressures were decreased.

[Complex experimental and clinical study of the effect of nitroglycerin on the cerebral, peripheral and systemic circulations]. / Kompleksnoe izuchenie v éksperimente i klinike vliianiia nitroglitserina na mozgovoe, perifericheskoe i sistemnoe krovoobrashchenie.

Experiments on anesthetized and unanesthetized cats and examination of 42 neurosurgical patients have shown that nitroglycerin considerably increases cerebral and peripheral circulation, raises the pressure in the internal jugular vein and brain ventricles, increases the lumen of cerebral vessels of predominantly minor caliber, speeds up the linear and volumetric rate of the cerebral blood flow. Nitroglycerin induces a decrease in the systemic arterial and perfusion pressure. No species differences in the manifestations of the nitroglycerin pharmacological effect confirmed in the principle the common organization of the adrenergic mechanisms that control the cardiovascular system. Nitroglycerin is effective for prevention and therapy of cerebral angiospasms.

[Correlation between the circulation of the hemispheres and brain stem regions, the peripheral circulation and bioelectrical activity of the brain in the dynamics of the acute period of cranio-cerebral injury]. / Sootnoshenie mezhdu krovoobrashcheniem polusharii i stvolovykh otdelov mozga, perifericheskim krovoobrashcheniem i bioélektricheskoi aktivnost'iu golovnogo mozga v dinamike ostrogo perioda cherepno-mozgovoi travmy

Polygraphic recording of rheoencephalography, rheovasography and EEG was used for a dynamic examination of 45 patients with severe (28 cases) and moderate (17 cases) craniocerebral injuries. In 13 patients, of the former group intracranial haematomas were noted, in 15--contusion foci. A method of rheoencephalography recording from the brain stem with the aid of a basal electrode was developed, and it permitted to obtain valuable information on the degree of the haemodynamic shifts in the brain stem. A persistent reduction of the CBF was observed in the basalocciptal lead found to be proportional to the severity of the craniocerebral injury. The results of mathematical processing of the obtained data demonstrated a clear correlation of the clinical state of the patient, the bioelectrical activity of the brain and the indices of the tonicity and blood filling of the cerebral vessels: along with re-establishment of the normal alpha-rhythm and reduction of a slow pathological activity of the EEG, a clear increase in the cerebral blood flow value was observed.

[Electroencephalographic changes in Firedreich's and Pierre-Marie disease]. / Ob élektroéntsefalograficheskikh izmeneniiakh pri bolezniakh Fridreikha i P'era Mari

The authors analyze in EEG changes seen in 14 patients with Friedreich's ataxia and in 7 patients with Pierre Marie ataxia. In all cases there was a changed bioelectrical brain activity, more expressed in Friedreich's disease. These changes were in the forma of alpha- and beta-activity, in irregular sharp waves or groups of slow fluctuations in the theta- and delta-waves. These changes are not strictly specific for these disorders. In Pierre Marie's disease there was a certain correlation between the duration of the disease and expressiveness of EEG changes. In both disorders the expressiveness of the changes were significantly influenced by the degree of brain stem lesions.