Assuntos
Antígeno Ki-1/imunologia , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Biópsia , Humanos , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes/imunologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Remissão Espontânea , Neoplasias Cutâneas/imunologia , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Síndrome do Nevo Basocelular/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Induzidas por Radiação/prevenção & controle , Proteção Radiológica/métodos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/prevenção & controle , Luz Solar/efeitos adversos , Deficiência de Vitamina D/etiologia , Síndrome do Nevo Basocelular/diagnóstico , Síndrome do Nevo Basocelular/etiologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Colecalciferol/administração & dosagem , Suplementos Nutricionais , Fraturas Ósseas/etiologia , Humanos , Doença Iatrogênica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Induzidas por Radiação/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Induzidas por Radiação/etiologia , Roupa de Proteção/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Protetores Solares/administração & dosagem , Protetores Solares/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Vitamina D/análogos & derivados , Vitamina D/sangue , Deficiência de Vitamina D/sangue , Deficiência de Vitamina D/diagnóstico , Deficiência de Vitamina D/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Individual patterns of the electroencephalogram (EEG) in wakefulness and sleep are among the most heritable traits in humans, yet distinct genetic and neurochemical mechanisms underlying EEG phenotypes are largely unknown. A functional polymorphism in the gene encoding catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), an enzyme playing an important role in cortical dopamine metabolism, causes a common substitution of methionine (Met) for valine (Val) at codon 158 of COMT protein. Val allele homozygotes exhibit higher COMT activity and lower dopaminergic signaling in prefrontal cortex than Met/Met homozygotes. Evidence suggests that this polymorphism affects executive functions in healthy individuals. We hypothesized that it also modulates functional aspects of EEG in wakefulness and sleep. EEG recordings were conducted twice on separate occasions in 10 Val/Val and 12 Met/Met allele carriers (all men) in wakefulness, and in baseline and recovery sleep before and after 40 h prolonged waking. During sleep deprivation, subjects received placebo and modafinil in randomized, cross-over manner. We show that the Val158Met polymorphism predicts stable and frequency-specific, interindividual variation in brain alpha oscillations. Alpha peak frequency in wakefulness was 1.4 Hz slower in Val/Val genotype than in Met/Met genotype. Moreover, Val/Val allele carriers exhibited less 11-13 Hz activity than Met/Met homozygotes in wakefulness, rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, and non-REM sleep. This difference was resistant against the effects of sleep deprivation and modafinil. The data demonstrate that mechanisms involving COMT contribute to interindividual differences in brain alpha oscillations, which are functionally related to executive performance such as counting tendency on a random number generation task in young adults.