Melatonin and IL-25 modulate apoptosis and angiogenesis mediators in metastatic (CF-41) and non-metastatic (CMT-U229) canine mammary tumour cells.

BACKGROUND: Melatonin has oncostatic actions and IL-25 is active in inflammatory processes that induce apoptosis in tumor cells AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate melatonin and IL-25 in metastatic (CF-41) and non-metastatic (CMT-U229) canine mammary tumor cells cultured as monolayers and tridimensional structures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cells were treated with melatonin, IL-25 and IL-17B silencing gene and performed cell viability, gene and protein expression of caspase-3 and VEGFA (Vascular endothelial growth factor A) and an apoptosis membrane protein array. RESULTS: Treatment with 1 mM of melatonin reduced cell viability of both tumor cell lines, all treatments alone and combined significantly increased caspase-3 cleaved and proteins involved in the apoptotic pathway and reduced pro-angiogenic VEGFA, confirming the effectiveness of these potential promising treatments. CONCLUSION: This is the first study evaluating the potential use of these strategies in CF-41 and CMT-U229 cell lines and together encourages subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies for further exploration of clinical applications.

Interleukin-8 expression associated with canine mammary tumors.

The use of prognostic markers for mammary cancer is important for routine diagnosis and research. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a chemotactic cytokine, produced by several cell types in response to inflammation. The expression, regulation and function of IL-8 in dogs are little known. Recent studies have associated angiogenesis and inflammatory processes with tumor malignancy. We investigated a possible correlation between IL-8 expression and mammary tumor prognosis in female dogs. IL-8 expression was measured in 50 dogs with mammary neoplasia by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Immunohistochemical staining was done with anti-IL-8 antibodies and PCR amplifications were performed in a 7500 Fast Real-Time PCR system. Gene expression stability was analyzed by the geNorm software. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that IL-8 expression decreased in malignant mammary cells compared to normal mammary tissue, while weak immunostaining was associated with a diagnosis of carcinoma. Complementing earlier studies on IL-8 expression in several types of cancer, including mammary cancer, we conclude that IL-8 has potential for use as a prognostic marker for canine mammary neoplasia.