Identification of subclinical mastitis caused by Mycoplasma spp. from screenings of bulk tanks / Identificação de mastite subclínica causada por Mycoplasma spp. de triagem de tanques de expansão

Mastitis caused by Mycoplasma spp., regardless of species, are considered highly contagious pathogens and, usually was not responsive to antimicrobial therapy. Five dairy herds, comprising 489 animals and 1,956 mammary glands, were used in this study. Milk samples were obtained from bulk tanks and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the identification of Mollicutes, Mycoplasma spp., and Mycoplasma bovis. Moreover, individual samples from cases of clinical and subclinical mastitis in quarters of the dairy herds' animals that yielded a positive PCR upon bulk tank analysis were subjected to molecular analysis. Only one bulk tank was positive for class Mollicutes by PCR. All positive samples classified as mastitis teats had their DNA extracted and tested by PCR for both class Mollicutes and M. bovis. Of these, two (2.08%) were positive for Mycoplasma genus, although none was positive for M. bovis. This result suggests that the PCR of bulk tanks is a viable tool in monitoring and preventing mastitis infections caused by Mycoplasma spp.(AU)

Mastites bovinas causadas por Mycoplasma spp., independentemente da espécie causadora, são consideradas de alta contagiosidade e geralmente não responsivas à terapia antimicrobiana. Cinco propriedades leiteiras foram utilizadas neste estudo, totalizando 489 animais e 1956 quartos mamários. As amostras de leite foram obtidas de tanques de expansão e submetidas à reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para pesquisa de Mollicutes, Mycoplasma spp. e Mycoplasma bovis. Apenas um tanque de uma propriedade foi positivo na PCR para a classe Mollicutes. Amostras individuais de casos de mastite subclínica provenientes de propriedade com tanque positivo também foram submetidas à análise molecular; dessas, duas delas (2,08%) foram positivas para a classe Mollicutes e para o gênero Mycoplasma, entretanto nenhuma foi positiva para a espécie Mycoplasma bovis. Isso sugere que a PCR de tanques de expansão de propriedades leiteiras demonstra ser uma ferramenta viável no monitoramento e na prevenção de infecções por Mycoplasma spp.(AU)

Ureia e glicerina bruta como aditivos na ensilagem de cana-de-açúcar / Urea and crude glycerin as additive in sugar cane silage

Objetivou-se avaliar a inclusão de ureia e glicerina bruta como aditivos na ensilagem da cana-de-açúcar, na composição químico-bromatológica, pH, N-amoniacal (N-NH3) e digestibilidade in vitro (DIV). Os tratamentos foram quatro doses de ureia, 0, 10, 20 e 30 g de ureia por kg de cana-de-açúcar na ensilagem, e cinco doses de glicerina bruta, 0, 10, 20, 30 e 40g de glicerina bruta por kg de cana-de-açúcar na ensilagem. As silagens foram armazenadas por 180 dias. O tratamento com ureia afetou a maioria das variáveis relacionadas ao valor nutritivo, aumentando os teores de matéria seca (MS) e proteína (PB) (2,58; 7,76; 18,70 e 19,31%), reduzindo os teores de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e melhorando a DIV da MS (42,61; 48,53; 50,69 e 51,18%) e FDN (38,81; 39,23; 41,06 e 43,46%), e as características fermentativas da silagem, apresentando valores de pH de 3,49; 3,86; 4,18 e 3,93 e de N-NH3 de 1,72; 3,80; 7,88 e 9,00, para as dose de 0, 10, 20 e 30 g, respectivamente. A glicerina bruta aumentou os teores de MS e extrato etéreo (1,45; 3,03; 3,62; 3,41 e 4,38%), melhorou a DIV da MS com valores de 49,61; 52,24; 53,28; 55,60 e 56,09% e reduziu perdas por gases durante o processo de fermentação, apresentando médias de 6,69; 5,97; 5,89; 5,51 e 5,48% da MS para as doses 0, 10, 20, 30 e 40g, respectivamente. Assim, a ureia e a glicerina bruta podem ser utilizadas como aditivos na ensilagem da cana-de-açúcar...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of urea and crude glycerin as an additive in ensiling of sugar cane, in chemical composition, pH, ammonia-N (N-NH3) and in vitro digestibility (IVD). The treatments were four doses of urea 0, 10, 20 and 30 g per kg of sugar cane ensiling and five doses of crude glycerin 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40g per kg of crude glycerin sugar cane ensiling. The silages were stored for 180 days. Treatment with urea affected most variables related to nutritional value, increasing the concentrations of dry matter (DM) and protein (CP) (2.58, 7.76, 18.70 and 19.31%) and reduced levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and improved IVDDM (42.61, 48.53, 50.69 and 51.18%) and NDF (38.81, 39.23, 41.06 and 43.46%) and fermentation characteristics of silage, with pH values of 3.49, 3.86, 4.18 and 3.93 and NH3 1.72, 3.80, 7.88 and 9.00 for the dose of 0, 10, 20 and 30 g, respectively. The crude glycerin increased in DM and ether extract (1.45, 3.03, 3.62, 3.41 and 4.38%), improved IVDDM with values of 49.61, 52.24, 53 28; 55.60 and 56.09% and reduced gas losses during the fermentation process with mean of 6.69, 5.97, 5.89, 5.51 and 5.48% of DM for the doses 0, 10 , 20, 30 and 40g, respectively. Urea and crude glycerin can be used as an additive in ensiling of sugar cane...

Radioimmunoassayable serum somatomedin B in normal subjects and in patients with acromegaly and pituitary dwarfism: effects of human growth hormone therapy.

We report the results obtained with a radioimmunoassay for serum somatomedin B (SmB) in 29 normal subjects, in 33 pituitary dwarfs (GHD) and 6 acromegalic patients. There were no significant differences between the basal SmB levels of the GHD and the normal subjects higher value observed in the acromegalic group (p < 0.01). After acute human growth hormone administration a parallel increase of SmB serum levels and plasma growth hormone was seen (r = 0.562; p < 0.01). Of 12 GHD subjects SmB serum levels increased only in five, after chronic hGH administration.