More than just sweet: current insights into microplastics in honey products and a case study of Melipona quadrifasciata honey.

Honey, traditionally known as a pure and natural substance, has become an unexpected reservoir for microplastic contamination. This study consisted of an experimental investigation to assess the occurrence of microplastics in honey produced by Melipona quadrifasciata, a native bee species in Brazil. Our investigation covers eight areas (one sample per area), including built and vegetated areas located in São Paulo city, Brazil, to understand the distribution of microplastics in these environments. Honey samples (10 mL) were collected using a syringe and sent to the laboratory for further analysis. Microplastics extracted from honey samples were characterized under a stereomicroscope to determine their size, color, and morphology. Also, the polymer type was determined by FTIR analysis. All honey samples (100%) showed microplastics. The predominant particles displayed a fiber shape with a size below 299 µm and a transparent color and were primarily composed of polypropylene. Their concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 2.6 particles per mL of honey, raising concerns about their potential impact on bee populations and human consumers. This study underscores the need for further research on the sources and implications of microplastic contamination in Melipona quadrifasciata honey, shedding light on the broader issue of environmental plastic pollution and its impact on pollinators.

The survival and flight capacity of commercial honeybees and endangered stingless bees are impaired by common agrochemicals.

The impact of agrochemicals on native Brazilian bees may be underestimated, since studies of non-target effects on bees have, by and large, concerned mostly the Apis mellifera L. Furthermore, bees may be exposed in the field to multiple agrochemicals through different routes, thus suggesting the necessity for more comprehensive toxicological experiments. Here, we assessed the lethal and sublethal toxicity of multiple agrochemicals (herbicide [glyphosate - Roundup®], fungicide [mancozeb], insecticide [thiamethoxam]) through distinct routes of exposure (contact or ingestion) to an endangered native Brazilian bee Melipona (Michmelia) capixaba Moure & Camargo, 1994 and to A. mellifera. Results indicate that none of the agrochemicals caused feeding repellency on the bees. Thiamethoxam caused high mortality of both species, regardless of the route of exposure or the dose used. In addition, thiametoxam altered the flight capacity of M. capixaba when exposed to the lowest dose via contact exposure. The field dose of glyphosate caused high mortality of both bee species after oral exposure as well as impaired the flight capacity of A. mellifera (ingestion exposure) and M. capixaba (contact exposure). The lower dose of glyphosate also impaired the flight of M. capixaba through either routes of exposure. Exposure of A. mellifera through contact and ingestion to both doses of mancozeb caused high mortality and significantly impaired flight capacity. Taken altogether, the results highlight the importance of testing the impact of multiple agrochemicals (i.e. not just insecticides) through different routes of exposure in order to understand more comprehensively the potential risks for Apis and non-Apis bees.

Levels of inflammatory markers are differentially expressed in sickle cell anemia and sickle cell trait.

Although sickle cell anemia (SCA) is related to inflammation, the profile of inflammatory markers in sickle cell trait (SCT) is poorly studied. This is a cross-sectional study of inflammatory biomarkers carried out involving adults with SCA in steady state, SCT and controls. The SCA group had higher levels of lactato dehydrogenase, IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha than the others, while the SCT group had similar levels to control group. In addition, SCA group had lower IL-8/IL-10 and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1/IL-10 ratios. These findings indicate that individuals with SCT do not have a chronic inflammatory profile and reinforce that cytokines are involved in the maintenance of the inflammatory state in SCA.

Construction of a nursing care protocol for children in post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: To construct a nursing care protocol for children in post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHOD: Methodological research carried out from January to September 2019, in three steps: (a) integrative review (nursing care was identified); (b) theoretical structuring and organization of healthcare based on the Theory of Basic Human Needs and on the International Classification for Nursing Practice (supplementing the review data); and (c) development of a protocol in the three previously mentioned stages. Analysis of the understanding of the protocol's items/care was performed by three specialist nurses. RESULTS: The care protocol consists of 40 nursing problems and is organized in accordance with the psychobiological, psychosocial, and psycho-spiritual needs of children undergoing transplantation, integrating practical and guidance care. CONCLUSION: The care protocol is an important technology for nursing care to transplanted children, aimed to prevent and manage transplantation complications.

Qualidade de vida na hiperidrose: uma reflexão da literatura para o campo da Terapia ocupacional / Quality of life in hyperidrosis: a reflection of literature for the field of Occupational Therapy / Calidad de vida en hiperidrosis: reflexión de la literatura para el campo de la Terapia Ocupacional

ntrodução: A hiperidrose primária é uma condição caracterizada pela excessiva produção de suor. É considerada uma disfunção crônica que atinge aproximadamente 1% da população mundial. Não possui origem conhecida, mas está ligada à hiperatividade do sistema nervoso simpático. Objetivo: Compreender, através da literatura, quais os impactos gerados pela hiperidrose no que se refere à qualidade de vida dos sujeitos acometidos e relacionar os aspectos da qualidade de vida com as ocupações dos mesmos, tendo o terapeuta ocupacional como possível membro integrante da equipe multiprofissional na atenção aos sujeitos comprometidos com hiperidrose. Método: Levantamento bibliográfico de publicações periódicas nas bases de dados BVS, Scielo e Google Acadêmico, artigos completos em português e espanhol. Resultados: Foram encontrados um total de 50 artigos, destes, 19 artigos permaneceram após a leitura na íntegra. A maioria dos relatos sobre a qualidade de vida dos sujeitos com hiperidrose é referida ou está atrelada a algum procedimento médico, sendo escassos estudos de outras áreas profissionais. Quanto à atuação terapêutica ocupacional junto à sujeitos com hiperidrose, não encontramos citações. Conclusão: O estudo demonstrou que os impactos gerados podem ser atribuídos às dificuldades no desempenho de atividades cotidianas, além de afetar aspectos emocionais dos sujeitos, interferindo em suas relações pessoais, na participação social e nas atividades de autocuidado. Sugere-se o desenvolvimento de pesquisas no âmbito da Terapia Ocupacional, para o fomento de debates que promovam aprimoramento técnico da profissão na assistência a pacientes com hiperidrose.(AU) Palavras-chave: Hiperidrose. Qualidade de Vida. Terapia Ocupacional. Atividades Cotidianas. Ocupações.

Introduction: Primary hyperhidrosis is a condition characterized by excessive sweat production. It is considered a chronic dysfunction that affects approximately 1% of the world population. It has no known origin but is linked to hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system. Objective: To understand through the literature the impacts generated by hyperhidrosis about the quality of life of the affected and to relate the aspects of quality of life with their occupations, having the occupational therapist as a possible integral member of the multiprofessional team in dealing with problems committed to hyperhidrosis. Method: Bibliographic survey of periodical publications in the BVS, Scielo and Google Scholar databases, complete articles in Portuguese and Spanish. Results: A total of 50 articles were found, of these, 19 articles remained after reading them in full. Most reports on the quality of life of subjects with hyperhidrosis are referred to or linked to some medical procedure, with few studies from other professional areas. As for the occupational therapeutic performance with subjects with hyperhidrosis, we did not find any citations. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the impacts generated can be attributed to difficulties in the performance of daily activities, in addition to affecting the emotional aspects of the subjects, interfering in their personal relationships, in social participation and in self-care activities. We suggest the development of research in the context of Occupational Therapy, to encourage debates that promote technical improvement of the profession in assisting patients with hyperhidrosis.(AU) Keywords: Hyperhidrosis. Quality of Life. Occupational Therapy. Activities of Daily Living. Occupations.

Introdución: La hiperhidrosis primaria es una condición caracterizada por una producción excesiva de sudor. Se considera una disfunción crónica que afecta aproximadamente al 1% de la población mundial. No tiene un origen conocido, pero está relacionado con la hiperactividad del sistema nervioso simpático. Objetivo: Comprender, a través de la literatura, los impactos que genera la hiperhidrosis en cuanto a la calidad de vida de los sujetos afectados y relacionar los aspectos de la calidad de vida con sus ocupaciones, con el terapeuta ocupacional como posible integrante de la multidisciplinariedad. equipo en la atención a sujetos comprometidos con hiperhidrosis. Método: Estudio bibliográfico de publicaciones periódicas en las bases de datos de la BVS, Scielo y Google Scholar, artículos completos en portugués y español. Resultados: Se encontraron un total de 50 artículos, de estos, quedaron 19 artículos después de leerlos íntegramente. La mayoría de los informes sobre la calidad de vida de los sujetos con hiperhidrosis están referidos os vinculados a algún procedimiento médico, con pocos estudios de otras áreas profesionales. En cuanto al desempeño terapéutico ocupacional con sujetos con hiperhidrosis, no encontramos citas. Conclusión: El estudio demostró que los impactos generados pueden atribuirse a dificultades en el desempeño de las actividades diarias, además de afectar los aspectos emocionales de los sujetos, interfiriendo en sus relaciones personales, participación social y actividades de autocuidado. Sugerimos el desarrollo de investigaciones en el contexto de la Terapia Ocupacional, para fomentar debates que promuevan la mejora técnica de la profesión en la asistencia a pacientes con hiperhidrosis.(AU) Palabras clave: Hiperhidrosis. Calidad de vida. Terapia ocupacional. Actividades diarias. Ocupaciones.

Construction of a nursing care protocol for children in post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / Construcción de protocolo de cuidados de enfermería para niños después del trasplante de células tronco hematopoyéticas / Construção de protocolo de cuidados de enfermagem à criança no pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas

ABSTRACT Objective: To construct a nursing care protocol for children in post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Method: Methodological research carried out from January to September 2019, in three steps: (a) integrative review (nursing care was identified); (b) theoretical structuring and organization of healthcare based on the Theory of Basic Human Needs and on the International Classification for Nursing Practice (supplementing the review data); and (c) development of a protocol in the three previously mentioned stages. Analysis of the understanding of the protocol's items/care was performed by three specialist nurses. Results: The care protocol consists of 40 nursing problems and is organized in accordance with the psychobiological, psychosocial, and psycho-spiritual needs of children undergoing transplantation, integrating practical and guidance care. Conclusion: The care protocol is an important technology for nursing care to transplanted children, aimed to prevent and manage transplantation complications.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Construir un protocolo de cuidados de enfermería para niños después del trasplante de células tronco hematopoyéticas. Método: Investigación metodológica realizada entre enero y septiembre de 2019 para construir un protocolo, en tres etapas: a) realización de revisión integradora (fueron identificados cuidados de enfermería); b) estructuración y organización teórica de cuidados a partir de la Teoría de las Necesidades Humanas Básicas y de la Clasificación Internacional para la Práctica de Enfermería, complementando los datos de la revisión; y, c) desarrollo del protocolo, cuya elaboración integró las etapas anteriores. El análisis de comprensión de ítems/cuidados del protocolo fue realizado por tres enfermeras especialistas. Resultados: El protocolo de cuidados está compuesto por 40 problemas de enfermería y está organizado de acuerdo con las necesidades psicobiológicas, psicosociales y psicoespirituales de niños sometidos a trasplante, integrando cuidados prácticos y de orientación. Conclusión: El protocolo de cuidados es una opción tecnológica para la asistencia de enfermería al niño trasplantado, con los objetivos de prevención y manejo de las complicaciones del trasplante.

RESUMO Objetivo: Construir protocolo de cuidados de enfermagem à criança no pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. Método: Pesquisa metodológica conduzida entre janeiro e setembro de 2019 e, em três etapas: a) realização de revisão integrativa (cuidados de enfermagem foram identificados); b) estruturação e organização teórica de cuidados a partir da Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas e da Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem, complementando os dados da revisão; c) desenvolvimento do protocolo, cuja elaboração integrou as etapas anteriores. A análise de compreensão de itens/cuidados do protocolo foi realizada por três enfermeiros especialistas. Resultados: O protocolo de cuidados é composto por 40 problemas de enfermagem e está organizado de acordo com as necessidades psicobiológicas, psicossociais e psicoespirituais de crianças submetidas ao transplante, integrando cuidados práticos e de orientação. Conclusão: O protocolo é opção tecnológica para a assistência de enfermagem à criança transplantada, com vistas à prevenção e manejo das complicações.

Treatment of Chronic Spinal Cord Injury in Dogs Using Amniotic Membrane-Derived Stem Cells: Preliminary Results.

INTRODUCTION: Intervertebral disc diseases (IVDD) represent the majority of neurological attendance and responsible for the most cases of paralysis in dogs. Treatments currently used do not show satisfactory results in patients with more severe and chronic neurological manifestations. METHODS: To promote nerve and muscular recovery, as well as improve quality of life, we aimed to create a double-blind test method, associating spinal decompression surgery and allogeneic transplantation of amniotic membrane-derived stem cells (AMSCs) in dogs with chronic IVDD. Cells were characterized as fetal mesenchymal cells and safe for application. Eight animals completed the experiment: stem cell applications were made in four animals that had previously undergone an unsuccessful surgical procedure ("SC group", n = 4); two animals were submitted to surgery, followed by applications of stem cells ("Surgery + SC", n = 2); two other animals were submitted to surgery, followed by the application of saline solution ("Surgery + placebo", n = 2). During the surgical procedure, a topical application was performed on the lesion and after fifteen and forty-five days another two applications were made via epidural. Animals were monitored biweekly and reassessed three months after surgery, by functional tests and magnetic resonance exams. RESULTS: Some animals presented significant neurological improvement, such as the recovery of nociception and ability to remain on station. Despite the need further studies, until the present moment, cell therapy has been feasible and has no harmful effects on animals. CONCLUSION: The protocol of preclinical trial showed the association with decompressive surgery and cell transplantation in dogs with thoracolumbar IVDD proved feasible, and it was possible to observe neurological improvement after treatment. No tissue improvement through MRI was found. The double-blind test guaranteed reliability of the evaluations and results obtained that, even with a small sample size, generated satisfactory results for the animals and owners.

Juliano Moreira: the black Brazilian who greatly influenced the modern school of Neurology in Brazil.

Juliano Moreira was a black Brazilian physician, well recognized for his role in the foundation of scientific psychiatry in Brazil; however, little is known about his influences on modern Neurology. Our aim is to highlight Moreira's importance in the field of Neurology and his role in the development of scientific and medical societies in Brazil. We describe his contributions from his doctoral thesis in 1891 to his 27-year tenure as the director of the National Hospice for the Insane. We also review Moreira's role in the foundation of societies including the Brazilian Academy of Sciences and the first Brazilian journal dedicated to Neuropsychiatry, concluding that Moreira was one of the most important influential figures for the development of Neurology in Brazil. In addition to his influences on various medical fields, Moreira distinguished himself as an impactful citizen who fought against racist and xenophobic medical theories of his time.

Nursing care for patients in post-transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the available evidence on the nursing care provided to patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHODS: integrative review with the search for primary studies in four databases and a virtual health library. A broad search strategy was used, including research published in English, Brazilian Portuguese, or Spanish, between 2008 and 2018, totaling a sample of 42 studies. RESULTS: the studies were grouped into three categories: multiple nursing care (n=19), first-line care (n=18), and self-management of care (n=5). CONCLUSIONS: nursing care is critical, comprising patients' physical, psychological and social aspects. It occurs in hospital and home contexts, mainly involving technical actions and health guidance. The evidence identified provide subsidies for decision-making; however, most studies are of the non-experimental type, indicating the need for conducting intervention research.

Nursing care for patients in post-transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells: an integrative review / Atención de enfermería para pacientes en post-transplantación de células de madre hematopoyéticas: revisión integrativa / Cuidados de enfermagem aos pacientes em pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas: revisão integrativa

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the available evidence on the nursing care provided to patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods: integrative review with the search for primary studies in four databases and a virtual health library. A broad search strategy was used, including research published in English, Brazilian Portuguese, or Spanish, between 2008 and 2018, totaling a sample of 42 studies. Results: the studies were grouped into three categories: multiple nursing care (n=19), first-line care (n=18), and self-management of care (n=5). Conclusions: nursing care is critical, comprising patients' physical, psychological and social aspects. It occurs in hospital and home contexts, mainly involving technical actions and health guidance. The evidence identified provide subsidies for decision-making; however, most studies are of the non-experimental type, indicating the need for conducting intervention research.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar la evidencia disponible sobre los cuidados de enfermería brindados al paciente en el postrasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas. Métodos: revisión integradora con búsqueda de estudios primarios en cuatro bases de datos y biblioteca virtual en salud. Se utilizó una amplia estrategia de búsqueda, incluyendo investigaciones publicadas en inglés, portugués o español, entre 2008 y 2018, totalizando una muestra de 42 estudios. Resultados: los estudios se agruparon en tres categorías: cuidados múltiples de enfermería (n=19), cuidados de primera línea (n=18) y cuidados autogestionados (n=5). Conclusiones: el cuidado de enfermería es crítico, entendiendo los aspectos físicos, psicológicos y sociales del paciente. Ocurre en contextos hospitalarios y domiciliarios, involucrando principalmente acciones técnicas y de orientación sanitaria. Las evidencias identificadas brindan subsidios para la toma de decisiones, sin embargo, la mayoría de los estudios son del tipo no experimental, lo que indica la necesidad de realizar investigación de intervención.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as evidências disponíveis sobre os cuidados de enfermagem realizados ao paciente em pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. Métodos: revisão integrativa com a busca de estudos primários em quatro bases de dados e uma biblioteca virtual na área da saúde. Foi utilizada estratégia de busca ampla, incluindo-se pesquisas publicadas em inglês, português ou espanhol, entre 2008 e 2018, totalizando uma amostra de 42 estudos. Resultados: os estudos foram agrupados em três categorias: cuidados multíplices de enfermagem (n=19), cuidados de primeira linha (n=18) e autogerenciamento do cuidado (n=5). Conclusões: o cuidado de enfermagem é crítico, compreendendo os aspectos físico, psicológico e social do paciente. Ele ocorre em contextos hospitalares e domiciliares, principalmente envolvendo ações técnicas e de orientações em saúde. As evidências identificadas fornecem subsídios para a tomada de decisão, entretanto a maioria dos estudos é do tipo não experimental, indicando a necessidade de condução de pesquisas de intervenção.

Nursing care for patients in post-transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells: an integrative review / Atención de enfermería para pacientes en post-transplantación de células de madre hematopoyéticas: revisión integrativa / Cuidados de enfermagem aos pacientes em pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas: revisão integrativa

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the available evidence on the nursing care provided to patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods: integrative review with the search for primary studies in four databases and a virtual health library. A broad search strategy was used, including research published in English, Brazilian Portuguese, or Spanish, between 2008 and 2018, totaling a sample of 42 studies. Results: the studies were grouped into three categories: multiple nursing care (n=19), first-line care (n=18), and self-management of care (n=5). Conclusions: nursing care is critical, comprising patients' physical, psychological and social aspects. It occurs in hospital and home contexts, mainly involving technical actions and health guidance. The evidence identified provide subsidies for decision-making; however, most studies are of the non-experimental type, indicating the need for conducting intervention research.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar la evidencia disponible sobre los cuidados de enfermería brindados al paciente en el postrasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas. Métodos: revisión integradora con búsqueda de estudios primarios en cuatro bases de datos y biblioteca virtual en salud. Se utilizó una amplia estrategia de búsqueda, incluyendo investigaciones publicadas en inglés, portugués o español, entre 2008 y 2018, totalizando una muestra de 42 estudios. Resultados: los estudios se agruparon en tres categorías: cuidados múltiples de enfermería (n=19), cuidados de primera línea (n=18) y cuidados autogestionados (n=5). Conclusiones: el cuidado de enfermería es crítico, entendiendo los aspectos físicos, psicológicos y sociales del paciente. Ocurre en contextos hospitalarios y domiciliarios, involucrando principalmente acciones técnicas y de orientación sanitaria. Las evidencias identificadas brindan subsidios para la toma de decisiones, sin embargo, la mayoría de los estudios son del tipo no experimental, lo que indica la necesidad de realizar investigación de intervención.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as evidências disponíveis sobre os cuidados de enfermagem realizados ao paciente em pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. Métodos: revisão integrativa com a busca de estudos primários em quatro bases de dados e uma biblioteca virtual na área da saúde. Foi utilizada estratégia de busca ampla, incluindo-se pesquisas publicadas em inglês, português ou espanhol, entre 2008 e 2018, totalizando uma amostra de 42 estudos. Resultados: os estudos foram agrupados em três categorias: cuidados multíplices de enfermagem (n=19), cuidados de primeira linha (n=18) e autogerenciamento do cuidado (n=5). Conclusões: o cuidado de enfermagem é crítico, compreendendo os aspectos físico, psicológico e social do paciente. Ele ocorre em contextos hospitalares e domiciliares, principalmente envolvendo ações técnicas e de orientações em saúde. As evidências identificadas fornecem subsídios para a tomada de decisão, entretanto a maioria dos estudos é do tipo não experimental, indicando a necessidade de condução de pesquisas de intervenção.

Honeybee survival and flight capacity are compromised by insecticides used for controlling melon pests in Brazil.

The extensive use of insecticides can cause adverse side effects on pollinators, which negatively impact crop productivity. The pollination carried out by the honeybee Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is crucial in increasing the productivity of the melon (Cucumis melo L.). The main objective of this study was to assess if insecticides applied in the cultivation of cantaloupe melon exhibit significant levels of toxicity toward A. mellifera. We tested the toxicity of azadirachtin, pyriproxyfen, chlorantraniliprole, and imidacloprid, which are commonly sprayed to manage melon pests such as the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), the pickleworm Diaphania nitidalis (Stoll) and the melonworm Diaphania hyalinata (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Three treatments were carried out, 0.0×, 0.1x and 1.0x the concentration recommended by the manufacturer for the control of those pests. Repellency tests, analysis of mortality through contact and ingestion, and flight tests were performed. The insecticide imidacloprid caused mortality rates above 90% in all tested exposure pathways, displaying high residue persistence on plants. Although not causing significant mortality in the ingestion test, pyriproxyfen caused significant mortality after exposure through contact, and change in flight ability. Azadirachtin caused mortality in the ingestion test and impaired the flight ability of bees, while chlorantraniliprole only impaired the flight ability. Moreover, bees were not repelled by these insecticides, suggesting that they may collect contaminated food in the field while foraging. Altogether, ecofriendly, alternative pest control options should be developed, as well as the adoption of more selective insecticides, in order to reduce the non-target effects on honeybees and guarantee their pollination services.

Care performed by family caregivers of children submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: to know the care provided by family caregivers of children submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHOD: the Grounded Theory was used as methodology. The study comprised four sample groups, comprising 36 caregivers. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews and analyzed according to the coding proposed by Strauss and Corbin in three phases: open, axial and selective. RESULTS: eight propositions were identified for the care provided to the child in the researched context, namely administering medications; attention to cleaning issues; care with water and food intake; care with the body; experiencing protective isolation; addressing the child's need for emotional support; addressing the child's self-care; and facing complications. CONCLUSION: the different aspects in which the caregiver acts in the care of the child were understood. Such care equips the health team to elaborate measures for guidance and preparation of home care that are effective and directed to the needs of the patient and their family. The understanding of the care that they accomplish enables the caregiver a greater understanding of their role, as well as of the decisions they will make by their being under treatment.

Análise da proposta de ensino da ética em cursos técnicos em enfermagem nos âmbitos público e privado / Analysis of the proposal for ethics teaching in nursing technical courses in the public and private scopes / Análisis de la propuesta de enseñanza de ética en cursos técnicos de enfermería públicos y particulares

Objetivo: analisar o planejamento de ensino da ética profissional em projetos políticos de cursos de Educação Técnica de nível médio em Enfermagem na cidade de CuritibaPR. Método: análise documental de instrumento adaptado de Kloh elaborado em 2016. A coleta e a análise de dados ocorreram em janeiro de 2018. Resultados: os documentos analisados permitem identificar similaridades com foco na autonomia do aluno em formação, consideração pela lei do exercício profissional, fragilidade quanto a avaliação e divergências, formação por competências baseada em tarefas, perfil dos docentes, organização dos conteúdos curriculares, disponibilidade do documento. Conclusão: apesar das fragilidades e divergências, os projetos políticos favorecem a formação ética do profissional técnico em Enfermagem, e sua avaliação incita a reflexão e possibilita a construção de documentos que sustentem a formação na área.(AU)

Objective: to analyze the planning of teaching of professional ethics in political projects of courses of technical level education in Nursing in the city of Curitiba-PR. Method: a documentary analysis of a Kloh adapted instrument prepared in 2016. Data collection and analysis took place in January 2018. Results: the analyzed documents allow us to identify similarities focusing on the autonomy of the student in training, consideration by the law of professional practice, weaknesses in the evaluation and divergences, task-based competency training, teacher profile, organization of curriculum content, document availability. Conclusion: despite the weaknesses and divergences, the political projects favor the ethical formation of the technical Nursing professional, and their evaluation encourages reflection and enables the construction of documents that support the training in the area.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar la planificación de la enseñanza de la ética profesional en proyectos políticos de cursos de educación técnica secundaria en Enfermería en Curitiba-PR. Método: análisis documental de un instrumento adaptado de Kloh elaborado en 2016. La recogida y análisis de datos se realizó en enero de 2018. Resultados: los documentos analizados permiten identificar similitudes centradas en la autonomía del alumno en la formación, teniendo en cuenta la ley de la práctica profesional, debilidades en la evaluación y desacuerdos, capacitación por competencias basadas en tareas, perfil de los docentes, organización del contenido curricular, disponibilidad de documentos. Conclusión: a pesar de las debilidades y divergencias, los proyectos políticos favorecen la formación ética del técnico de enfermería y su evaluación fomenta la reflexión y permite la construcción de documentos que respalden la capacitación en el área.(AU)

Canine fetus immune system at late development.

The immune system is mainly responsible for protecting the organism against agents that may interfere in its homeostasis. Thus, understand how this system develops and operates is very important, for create new therapies to assist this system in its operation, such as its failure. In domestic dogs, few studies show how actually occurs the development, maturation and functioning of the immune system. Therefore, this study demonstrates the development and possible activation of it on dog fetus from late gestational period by in situ and microscopic analyzes.

Care performed by family caregivers of children submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / Cuidados realizados pelo familiar cuidador da criança em pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas / Cuidados realizados por el familiar cuidador del niño después de trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the care provided by family caregivers of children submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Method: the Grounded Theory was used as methodology. The study comprised four sample groups, comprising 36 caregivers. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews and analyzed according to the coding proposed by Strauss and Corbin in three phases: open, axial and selective. Results: eight propositions were identified for the care provided to the child in the researched context, namely administering medications; attention to cleaning issues; care with water and food intake; care with the body; experiencing protective isolation; addressing the child's need for emotional support; addressing the child's self-care; and facing complications. Conclusion: the different aspects in which the caregiver acts in the care of the child were understood. Such care equips the health team to elaborate measures for guidance and preparation of home care that are effective and directed to the needs of the patient and their family. The understanding of the care that they accomplish enables the caregiver a greater understanding of their role, as well as of the decisions they will make by their being under treatment.

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer os cuidados realizados pelo cuidador familiar da criança em pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. Método: utilizou-se a Grounded Theory como metodologia; compreendendo quatro grupos amostrais, perfazendo 36 cuidadores; com dados coletados por entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram analisados segundo a codificação proposta por Strauss e Corbin, em três fases: aberta, axial e seletiva. Resultados: foram identificadas oito proposições para os cuidados realizados com criança no contexto pesquisado: administrar medicações; atentar às questões de limpeza; cuidados com ingesta hídrica e alimentar; cuidados com o corpo; experienciar o isolamento protetor; trabalhar a necessidade de apoio emocional da criança; abordar o autocuidado da criança; e encarar complicações. Conclusão: compreenderam-se as diferentes vertentes em que o cuidador atua no cuidado com a criança. Esses cuidados instrumentalizam a equipe de saúde ao nortear a elaboração de medidas de orientação e preparo para o cuidado domiciliar que sejam efetivas e direcionadas às necessidades do paciente e da família. A compreensão dos cuidados que realiza viabiliza ao cuidador maior entendimento do seu papel, bem como das decisões que tomará pelo seu ente em tratamento.

RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer los cuidados realizados por el cuidador familiar del niño después del trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas. Método: se utilizó la Grounded Theory como metodología; comprendió cuatro grupos de muestreo, totalizando 36 cuidadores; utilizó datos recogidos por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, los datos fueron analizados según la codificación propuesta por Straus y Corbin, en tres fases: abierta, axial y selectiva. Resultados: fueron identificadas ocho proposiciones para los cuidados realizados al niño en el siguiente contexto investigado: administrar medicaciones; prestar atención a las cuestiones de limpieza; cuidados con ingesta hídrica y alimentar; cuidados con el cuerpo; experimentar el aislamiento protector; trabajar la necesidad de dar apoyo emocional al niño; abordar el autocuidado del niño; y, encarar las complicaciones. Conclusión: fueron comprendidas las diferentes vertientes en las cuales el cuidador actúa en el cuidado al niño. Esos cuidados instrumentalizan al equipo de salud para orientar la elaboración de medidas de orientación y preparación, para el cuidado domiciliar, que sean efectivas y dirigidas a las necesidades del paciente y su familia. La comprensión de los cuidados que realiza viabiliza al cuidador obtener mayor entendimiento de su papel, así como de las decisiones que tomará auxiliar a su familiar en tratamiento.

Perfil clínico de crianças submetidas a transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas / Perfil clínico de niños sometidos a trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas / Clinical profile of children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

RESUMO Objetivo identificar o perfil clínico de crianças em pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. Método pesquisa quantitativa, transversal, retrospectiva, em serviço transplantador do Sul/Brasil, com dados de prontuários de crianças com 12 anos incompletos, submetidas a transplante. Para análise utilizaram-se medidas de tendência central, dispersão, frequências e testes do qui-quadrado e Fisher para associar variáveis. Resultados a média de idade foi de 6,2 anos, predomínio do sexo masculino 92 (66,7%), diagnóstico Anemia de Fanconi 42 (30,4%) e transplante alogênico não aparentado 71 (51,4%). A alta hospitalar aconteceu em até 30 dias pós-transplante para 85 (61,6%) e 48 (34,8%) foram reinternadas. As perdas do cateter acometeram 11 crianças (8%) e as principais intercorrências clínicas ambulatoriais foram dor, tosse, coriza e febre. Infecção viral esteve relacionada ao transplante não aparentado e doença do enxerto contra hospedeiro. Conclusão o perfil identificado corrobora o planejamento de cuidados a esta população, contribuindo com a prática de enfermagem.

RESUMEN Objetivo identificar el perfil clínico de niños tras realización de trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas. Método investigación cuantitativa, trasversal, retrospectiva, en servicio trasplantador de Sur/Brasil, con datos de prontuarios de niños con 12 años sin cumplir, sometidos a trasplante. Para análisis, se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central, dispersión, frecuencias y prueba chi cuadrada y Fisher a fin de asociar variables. Resultados el promedio de edad fue de 6,2 años, predominio del sexo masculino, 92 (66,7%), diagnóstico Anemia de Fanconi 42 (30,4%) y trasplante alógeno sin parentesco 71 (51,4%). El alta hospitalario ocurrió en hasta 30 días tras el trasplante para 85 (61,6%) y 48 (34,8%) se reingresaron. Las pérdidas del catéter atingieron 11 niños (8%) y las principales complicaciones clínicas ambulatorias fueron dolor, tos, secreción nasal y fiebre. Infección viral fue asociada al trasplante sin parentesco y enfermedad del injerto contra huésped. Conclusión el perfil identificado corrobora el planeamiento de cuidados a esa población, contribuyendo con la práctica de enfermería.

ABSTRACT Objective to identify the clinical profile of children in the hematopoietic stem cell post-transplant period. Method quantitative, cross-sectional, retrospective study, performed in a transplantation service of the South of Brazil, with data from the medical records of children less than 12 years of age, who had undergone transplantation. Measures of central tendency, dispersion and frequency were used for the analysis and the chi-squared and Fisher's tests to associate variables. Results the mean age was 6.2 years, males, with 92 (66.7%), the diagnosis of Fanconi anemia, with 42 (30.4%), and unrelated allogeneic transplantation, with 71 (51.4%), were predominant. Hospital discharge occurred within 30 days after transplantation for 85 (61.6%) patients and 48 (34.8%) were readmitted. Catheter failures occurred in 11 children (8.0%) and the main outpatient clinical intercurrences were pain, cough, runny nose and fever. Viral infection was associated with the unrelated transplant and graft-versus-host disease. Conclusion the profile identified corroborates the care planning for this population, contributing to the nursing practice.

Contribuições da pesquisa para os cuidados de enfermagem em transplante pediátrico de células-tronco hematopoiéticas / Research contributions for the nursing care in pediatric transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells / Contribuciones del estudio para los cuidados de enfermería en el trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas pediátrico

Objetivo: Propor cuidados de Enfermagem ambulatoriais que subsidiem o tratamento de crianças em pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas a partir dos dados advindos de pesquisa sobre perfil sociodemográfico e clínico. Método: Ensaio repercussivo sobre proposição de cuidados de Enfermagem baseados em resultados de pesquisa e por diagnósticos de Enfermagem segundo a taxonomia da North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. Resultados: Os principais diagnósticos foram risco de infecção, risco de função hepática prejudicada e risco de função cardiovascular prejudicada. Os cuidados de Enfermagem incluíram controle de sinais vitais, avaliação da ingesta alimentar, cuidados com cateteres, controle de exames laboratoriais, avaliação do funcionamento dos sistemas corporais, administração de medicamentos e transfusões, medidas de controle de transmissão de micro-organismos, educação em saúde/serviço e comunicação integrada com a equipe interdisciplinar. Conclusão: Os cuidados de Enfermagem foram sustentados por evidências e buscou-se o atendimento da criança em todas as suas necessidades

Objective: This paper aims to propose outpatient Nursing care that helps the children's treatment after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, using data from research on sociodemographic and clinical profile. Method: Essay on Nursing care proposition was used, on the basis of the research results and Nursing diagnoses, in accordance with the taxonomy of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. Results: The main diagnoses were infection risk, impaired liver function risk, and impaired cardiovascular function. Nursing care included vital signs control, food intake evaluation, catheter care, control of laboratory tests, evaluation of the body systems functioning, administration of medications and transfusions, control measures of microorganisms' transmission, health/service education, and integrated communication with the interdisciplinary team. Conclusion: Nursing care was supported by evidence and the child's care was sought in all his/her needs

Objetivo: Proponer cuidados de Enfermería ambulatoria que subsidien el tratamiento de niños en el post trasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas a partir de los datos provenientes de estudios sobre el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico. Método: Ensayo repercusivo sobre proposición de cuidados de Enfermería basados en resultados de estudios y diagnósticos de Enfermería según la taxonomía de la North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. Resultados: los principales diagnósticos fueron el riesgo de infección, el riesgo de función hepática perjudicada y el riesgo de función cardiovascular perjudicada. Los cuidados de Enfermería incluyeron el control de señales vitales, evaluación de la ingesta alimentaria, cuidados con catéteres, control de exámenes de laboratorios, evaluación del funcionamiento de los sistemas corporales, administración de medicamentos y trasfusiones, medidas de control de trasmisión de microorganismos, educación en salud/servicio y comunicación integrada con el equipo interdisciplinar. Conclusiones: Los cuidados de Enfermería se sostuvieron por las evidencias y se buscó el atendimiento del niño en todas sus necesidades

Enhancing the process of teaching and learning homecare / Mejorar el proceso de enseñar y aprender el cuidado domiciliar / Aprimorando o processo de ensinar e aprender o cuidado domiciliar

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify possibilities for improvement in the process of teaching and learning homecare in nursing, pharmacy, medicine, nutrition, dentistry and occupational therapy courses. Method: qualitative research using the Grounded Theory approach. Sixty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted with students, teachers and graduates of the six mentioned courses at a public university in the south of Brazil. Data analysis was performed through open, axial and selective coding. Results: the possibilities for improving the process of teaching and learning homecare included: scientific production in the area; use of different teaching techniques; development of extracurricular activities; extension projects; curricular reformulation; and laboratory simulation. Final considerations: the strategies cited in this study enable undergraduate courses in health to envisage the possibility of enhance the process of teaching and learning homecare.

RESUMEN Objetivo: señalar posibilidades de mejorar en el proceso de enseñar y aprender el cuidado domiciliar en los cursos de enfermería, farmacia, medicina, nutrición, odontología y terapia ocupacional. Método: pesquisa cualitativa, que utilizó la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos como método. Fueron realizadas 63 entrevistas semi estructuradas con discentes, docentes y egresos de los seis cursos mencionados de una universidad pública del sur del país. El análisis de los datos ocurrió por medio de la codificación abierta, axial y selectiva. Resultados: se destacan entre las posibilidades de mejorar en el proceso de enseñar y aprender el cuidado domiciliar, la producción científica en el área, utilización de diferentes técnicas de enseñanza, desarrollo de actividades extracurriculares, proyectos de extensión, reformulación curricular y, simulación en laboratorio. Consideraciones finales: l as estrategias citadas en ese estudio permiten a los cursos de graduación en salud vislumbrar la posibilidad de incorporar o incrementar el proceso de enseñar y aprender el CD.

RESUMO Objetivo: apontar possibilidades de aprimoramento no processo de ensinar e aprender o cuidado domiciliar nos cursos de enfermagem, farmácia, medicina, nutrição, odontologia e terapia ocupacional. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, que utilizou a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados como método. Foram realizadas 63 entrevistas semiestruturadas com discentes, docentes e egressos dos seis cursos mencionados de uma universidade pública do sul do país. A análise dos dados ocorreu por meio da codificação aberta, axial e seletiva. Resultados: destacam-se, entre as possibilidades de aprimoramento no processo de ensinar e aprender o cuidado domiciliar, a produção científica na área, utilização de diferentes técnicas de ensino, desenvolvimento de atividades extracurriculares, projetos de extensão, reformulação curricular e simulação em laboratório. Considerações finais: as estratégias citadas neste estudo permitem aos cursos de graduação em saúde vislumbrar a possibilidade de incorporar ou incrementar o processo de ensinar e aprender o CD.

Enhancing the process of teaching and learning homecare.

OBJECTIVE: to identify possibilities for improvement in the process of teaching and learning homecare in nursing, pharmacy, medicine, nutrition, dentistry and occupational therapy courses. METHOD: qualitative research using the Grounded Theory approach. Sixty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted with students, teachers and graduates of the six mentioned courses at a public university in the south of Brazil. Data analysis was performed through open, axial and selective coding. RESULTS: the possibilities for improving the process of teaching and learning homecare included: scientific production in the area; use of different teaching techniques; development of extracurricular activities; extension projects; curricular reformulation; and laboratory simulation. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the strategies cited in this study enable undergraduate courses in health to envisage the possibility of enhance the process of teaching and learning homecare.