Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 10 de 10
Filtrar
Mais filtros








Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
2.
Climacteric ; 25(6): 543-551, 2022 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35771198

RESUMO

Technological advances have been impacting health care worldwide. Our study aimed to research the literature systematically to determine the impact of technological treatments versus conventional treatments on the quality of life of climacteric women. The study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021241638). We searched seven databases, including PRISMA, using mesh terms. After screening for eligibility, we selected five clinical trials, and applying the snowball technique we were able to include four more articles, totaling nine articles that used technology-based interventions (virtual reality games) during the climacteric. The total study population consisted of 298 climacteric women. Two studies evaluated a technology-based treatment for pelvic floor, one for urinary incontinence symptoms, three for postural balance, one for cardiorespiratory capacity, one for osteoporosis and one study for lower back pain. The studies showed that the technological treatments improved pelvic floor strength, balance, cardiorespiratory fitness and bone mineral density when compared to conventional treatments. Improvement was linked to adherence to training and a high level of satisfaction during the training sessions. Technology-based treatments appear to be a viable alternative to conventional treatments in improving the quality of health, with benefits for the cardiovascular, genitourinary and skeletal systems, and ultimately for the overall quality of life.


Assuntos
Climatério , Incontinência Urinária , Realidade Virtual , Humanos , Feminino , Qualidade de Vida , Diafragma da Pelve , Terapia por Exercício/métodos
3.
Neotrop Entomol ; 48(3): 433-448, 2019 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30515720

RESUMO

Spodoptera marima (Schaus, 1904) and Spodoptera ornithogalli (Guenée, 1852) are noctuid moths recognized for their economic importance in the New World. Historically, they have been considered cryptic species, being supposedly differentiated from each other by the absence of sexual dimorphism in S. marima, subtle differences in coloration on the hindwings and scale tufts of the ovipositor and the shape of male valva. The species are allopatric: North and Central America for S. ornithogalli and South America for S. marima. Previous phylogenetic studies using multilocus DNA sequences including a few specimens of S. marima suggested these species merge into a single clade. Here, we performed a comparative analysis to elucidate further their taxonomic status, using specimens of S. marima from various localities in Brazil. These species were recovered in the phylogenetic analysis as consistently mixed with each other in a major well-supported clade within Spodoptera. The existence of a spatial pattern for genetic structure was not clearly supported when two biogeographic regions (Neotropics and Neartic) were taken in separation; however, an individual-level isolation by distance was significant. The morphological characters traditionally used to differentiate the species were also not consistent. Therefore, we now consider S. marima a new junior synonym of S. ornithogalli. Results on host plant use demonstrated that it is a polyphagous species using more than 200 plants, which may mediate phenotypic variation along its geographical range.


Assuntos
Variação Genética , Spodoptera/genética , Distribuição Animal , Animais , Teorema de Bayes , Brasil , Complexo IV da Cadeia de Transporte de Elétrons/genética , Feminino , Genes Mitocondriais , Masculino , América do Norte , Filogenia , América do Sul , Spodoptera/classificação , Asas de Animais/anatomia & histologia
4.
Neotrop Entomol ; 47(1): 145-151, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28353149

RESUMO

The effects of a bioinsecticide formulation based on extract of Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae) containing 10,000 mg L-1 of acetogenin annonin as the main active ingredient were investigated against three primary pest species of stored grains in Brazil [maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Mexican bean weevil Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), and cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae)] by means of residual contact bioassays. In a concentration-dependent manner, the annonin-based commercial bioinsecticide caused significant adult mortality of C. maculatus (LC50 = 6890 µL kg-1), S. zeamais (LC50 = 2781 µL kg-1), and Z. subfasciatus (LC50 = 2120 µL kg-1) after 120 h of residual contact exposure. In addition to acute toxicity, the tested bioinsecticide also promoted a significant reduction of the number of eggs laid by females of C. maculatus (EC50 = 5949.7 µL kg-1) and Z. subfasciatus (EC50 = 552.7 µL kg-1). Moreover, the bioinsecticide significantly reduced the number of emerged insects (F1 generation) of C. maculatus (EC50 = 2763.0 µL kg-1), S. zeamais (EC50 = 1380.8 µL kg-1), and Z. subfasciatus (EC50 = 561.5 µL kg-1). The bioinsecticide also reduced the percentage of damaged grains for the three pest species studied, and its grain-protectant properties are comparable to or superior in efficacy in relation to a diatomaceous earth-based insecticide (Insecto® at 1000 mg kg-1) used as a positive control. Thus, this standardized formulation has promising bioactivity against stored insect species and can be a useful component for IPM of stored grains in Brazil and elsewhere.


Assuntos
Acetogeninas , Annona/química , Agentes de Controle Biológico , Inseticidas , Gorgulhos , Animais , Brasil , Fabaceae , Feminino , Armazenamento de Alimentos , Masculino , Vigna , Zea mays
5.
Genet Mol Res ; 15(2)2016 Jun 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27420969

RESUMO

Crespa goats are phenotypically similar to the Angora breed, and are traditionally reared in small, low-tech farms in southernmost Brazil. Whether they represent degenerated remnants of pure Angora goats or result from foreign breeds introduced during colonial times and recently mixed with commercial breeds is unknown. Since the degree of relatedness of Crespa in relation to other goats is completely unknown, we performed a comparative assessment of the genetic similarity between Crespa and foreign commercial breeds reared in the region (Angora, Alpine, Anglo-Nubian, Boer, and Saanen), particularly the Angora. We used 11 microsatellites to score alleles in 148 individuals and performed a Bayesian assignment test, which revealed six clusters (K = 6; Ln likelihood = -5047.6). In addition, a segment of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region was sequenced to investigate the relatedness of Crespa goats to Portuguese autochthonous breeds (Algarvia, Bravia, Charnequeira, Serpentina, and Serrana). The origin of the Crespa breed could not be ascertained from the mtDNA, but it does not only descend from the Angora. It is probably related to other introduced and autochthonous Portuguese breeds, in particular the Algarvia. Therefore, our results indicate that this distinctive source of genetic diversity is partly a remnant of animals that were introduced during the colonial period. By recognizing it as genetically distinct, we provide further support for the protection of this particular gene pool.


Assuntos
Cabras/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Seleção Artificial , Animais , Brasil , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Pool Gênico , Repetições de Microssatélites
6.
Neotrop Entomol ; 45(3): 336-9, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26957083

RESUMO

The little-known Neotropical tortricid moth Lasiothyris luminosa (Razowski & Becker) is reported for the first time as a grapevine pest in northeastern Brazil. A diagnosis based on morphological characters including the genitalia is provided for both sexes, together with a preliminary description of economic damage caused by the larval stage on flowers and fruits. In addition, we sequenced a partial region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene from specimens from the region and reconstructed phylogenetic relationships using representative lineages of closely related tortricids as terminals.


Assuntos
Mariposas , Filogenia , Vitis , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Frutas , Larva , Masculino
7.
Genet Mol Res ; 12(4): 5023-37, 2013 Oct 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24301764

RESUMO

The genus Ctenomys (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) shows several taxonomic inconsistencies. In this study, we used an integrative approach including DNA sequences, karyotypes, and geometric morphometrics to evaluate the taxonomic validity of a nominal species, Ctenomys bicolor, which was described based on only one specimen in 1912 by Miranda Ribeiro, and since then neglected. We sampled near the type locality assigned to this species and collected 10 specimens. A total of 820 base pairs of the cytochrome b gene were sequenced and analyzed together with nine other species and four morphotypes obtained from GenBank. Bayesian analyses showed that C. bicolor is monophyletic and related to the Bolivian-Matogrossense group, a clade that originated about 3 mya. We compared the cranial shape through morphometric geometrics of C. bicolor, including the specimen originally sampled in 1912, with other species representative of the same phylogenetic group (C. boliviensis and C. steinbachi). C. bicolor shows unique skull traits that distinguish it from all other currently known taxa. Our findings confirm that the specimen collected by Miranda Ribeiro is a valid species, and improve the knowledge about Ctenomys in the Amazon region.


Assuntos
DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Roedores/anatomia & histologia , Roedores/genética , Análise de Variância , Animais , Brasil , Citocromos b/genética , Feminino , Geografia , Cariótipo , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Roedores/classificação , Crânio/anatomia & histologia
8.
Genet Mol Res ; 12(3): 3230-45, 2013 Feb 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23479169

RESUMO

Adaptive variation in the melanocortin 1-receptor gene (MC1R), a key locus in melanogenesis, has been identified in some species of rodents. However, in others, MC1R has no causative role in pigmentation phenotypes despite their coat color variation. In this study, we characterized the rates and patterns of MC1R nucleotide and amino acid sequence evolution and, particularly, selective pressures in the separated domains of the protein using a comparative analysis of 43 species representing three major lineages of rodents with variable coat colors. We found high amino acid variation (44% of sites) throughout the protein. Most substitutions were observed in extracellular and transmembrane domains; the intracellular segment was conserved across species. Pairwise non-synonymous substitutions did not vary significantly in different domains among the rodent lineages - i.e., variation was not associated with phylogenetic distance. Phylogeny-based likelihood analysis suggested that purifying selection has mostly shaped the evolutionary course of MC1R. However, a high proportion of sites (27%) were under relaxation of functional constraints (ω = 0.38), and four sites (3, 14, 26, and 251) clearly evolved under positive selection (ω ≅ 2.9). Thus, our data indicate a high proportion of sites evolving under relaxed evolutionary constraints, which might indicate the evolvability of the system in the generation of adaptive changes in specific taxa in rodent lineages.


Assuntos
Evolução Molecular , Pigmentação/genética , Receptor Tipo 1 de Melanocortina/genética , Seleção Genética/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Variação Genética , Filogenia , Roedores/genética
9.
Genet Mol Res ; 11(3): 2997-3006, 2012 Aug 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22653672

RESUMO

The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene has been described as responsible for the black color in some breeds of sheep, but little is known about its function in many colored breeds, particularly those with a wide range of pigmentation phenotypes. The Brazilian Creole is a local breed of sheep from southern Brazil that has a wide variety of wool colors. We examined the MC1R gene (Extension locus) to search for the e allele and determine its role in controlling wool color variation in this breed. One hundred and twenty-five animals, covering the most common Creole sheep phenotypes (black, brown, dark gray, light gray, and white), were sequenced to detect the mutations p.M73K and p.D121N. Besides these two mutations, three other synonymous sites (429, 600, and 725) were found. The dominant allele (E(D): p.73K, and p.121N) was found only in colored animals, whereas the recessive allele (E⁺: p.73M, and p.121D) was homozygous only in white individuals. We concluded that MC1R is involved in the control of wool color in Brazilian Creole sheep, particularly the dark phenotypes, although a second gene may be involved in the expression of the white phenotype in this breed.


Assuntos
Alelos , Loci Gênicos/genética , Variação Genética , Pigmentação/genética , Receptor Tipo 1 de Melanocortina/genética , Ovinos/genética , Lã/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Brasil , Bovinos , Frequência do Gene/genética , Haplótipos/genética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fases de Leitura Aberta/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Receptor Tipo 1 de Melanocortina/química
10.
Anim Genet ; 41(3): 308-10, 2010 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19917048

RESUMO

Using ND5 sequences from mtDNA and 10 nuclear markers, we investigated the genetic differentiation of two South American Creole sheep phenotypes that historically have been bred in different biomes in southern Brazil. In total, 18 unique mtDNA haplotypes were detected, none of which was shared between the two phenotypes. Bayesian analysis also indicated two different groups (k = 2). Thus, these varieties are supported as being genotypically distinct. This situation could have resulted either from geographical isolation, associated with differences in the cultural habits of sheep farmers and in the way that flocks were managed, or more likely, from the introduction of different stocks four centuries ago.


Assuntos
DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Carneiro Doméstico/genética , Animais , Teorema de Bayes , Tamanho Corporal , Genética Populacional , Carneiro Doméstico/anatomia & histologia , Carneiro Doméstico/fisiologia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA