RESUMO
AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of an educational intervention based on the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) framework for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) on dietary and exercise behavior in a Spanish region. METHODS: A two-arm pilot research was developed. The intervention consisted of a 6-month period with guidelines and 4 in-person interventions. The outcome was changes in behaviors, motivation, competence, autonomy, social support to implement the recommendations, HbA1c, and body composition. RESULTS: n = 111 patients were recruited. Individuals in the intervention experienced a significative improvement on adherence to dietary recommendations (+1.23; p = 0.026), exercise (+0.86; p = 0.001), and a decrease in HbA1c levels (-0.6%; p = 0.002) and BMI (-0.73; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The intervention for DM2 individuals, based on the BCW framework, developed, and implemented by primary care nurses has been effective in improving the adherence to healthy eating, exercise, HbA1c levels, and body composition.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Dietoterapia/métodos , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , EspanhaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To analyze which foods and beverages, frequently included in advertising mail delivered by supermarkets in the Principality of Asturias, can be considered essential for consumption by the population, as well as to compare their price with that of essential products. METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive study of supermarket sales circulars delivered to seven homes in Asturias (Spain) by four supermarket chains from July to December 2018. Type of product, its classification as essential or non-essential and mean price of the advertised product were registered. RESULTS: The study identified 14,314 products, mostly belonging to the categories: "cakes, pastries, chocolate, sugar, and sweeteners" (15.3?%), "milk and milk derivatives" (9.7?%), "processed meats".and "alcoholic beverages" (8.9?% each) and "ready-made" (8.4?%). Products considered to be non-essential were found to predominate (61.9?%). Significant differences in product type were observed between supermarket chains. Essential products had a lower mean price than the non-essential products, both overall and for each supermarket chain, and was significantly lower for one of them. . CONCLUSIONS: Products which are non-essential from the point of view of health, such as sugar-rich products, processed meats, and alcoholic beverages, dominated the advertising mail delivered door-to-door by supermarkets in the Principality of Asturias. On a positive note, the prices of essential products, such as fresh fruit and vegetables, were, on average, significantly lower than the prices of non-essential products.