Estratégias utilizadas por enfermeiros da atenção primária na prevenção do câncer de colo do útero: revisão integrativa / Strategies used by primary care nurses in the prevention of cervical cancer: integrative review

Objetivo: identificar, na literatura científica, as estratégias utilizadas por enfermeiros da Atenção Primária para a prevenção do câncer de colo do útero. Métodos: revisão integrativa nas bases de dados EMBASE, LILACS (BVS), SCOPUS e Web of Science, entre março e abril de 2023. Após a busca, seguiu-se com leitura na íntegra dos artigos selecionados e extração dos dados para análise. A amostra final foi constituída por 5 estudos. Resultados: as principais estratégias utilizadas foram intervenções educativas, com predominância de palestras e posterior convite ou coleta de material para a realização do exame preventivo. Também foram utilizadas rodas de conversa (círculo de cultura), orientações por contato telefônico e oferta de ficha clínica auto preenchível na consulta de enfermagem. Conclusões: os estudos possibilitaram identificar estratégias positivas na prevenção do câncer de colo do útero, podendo direcionar enfermeiros a investir cada vez mais em metodologias voltadas a uma maior autonomia das mulheres

Objective: to identify, in the scientific literature, the strategies used by primary care nurses to prevent cervical cancer. Methods: An integrative review of the EMBASE, LILACS (BVS), SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases between March and April 2023. After the search, the selected articles were read in full, and the data were extracted for analysis. The final sample consisted of 5 studies. Results: the main strategies used were educational interventions, with a predominance of lectures and subsequent invitations or collection of material to carry out the preventive exam. Conversation circles (culture circles), telephone guidance, and the provision of a self-completed clinical form during the nursing consultation were also used. Conclusions: the studies made it possible to identify positive strategies for preventing cervical cancer, which could direct nurses to increasingly invest in methodologies aimed at increasing women's autonomy

Factors Associated with Multibacillary Leprosy in a Priority Region for Disease Control in Northeastern Brazil: A Retrospective Observational Study.

BACKGROUND: Leprosy is an infectious disease that can lead to physical disabilities and stigmatization. It remains an important public health problem, especially in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To analyse sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with multibacillary leprosy in a hyperendemic region of the disease in northeastern Brazil. METHOD: This is a retrospective observational study with secondary data acquired from 2012 to 2015, from a group of leprosy cases reported in a reference outpatient clinic for the treatment and followup of leprosy in the city of Imperatriz, Maranhao, in northeastern Brazil. RESULTS: From 905 new cases of leprosy studied, 656 (72.5%) were classified as multibacillary leprosy and 249 (27.5%) as paucibacillary leprosy. We observed that men were more likely to present 5 to 15 skin lesions (OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.18-1.49; p <0.0001) and >15 skin lesions (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.09 -1.45; p = 0.005) and a lower chance of having <5 skin lesions (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.59-0.76; p <0.0001). Women were more likely to have no affected nerves compared to men (OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.20-1.77; p <0.0001). The age range of 16 to 60 years showed a greater chance of having <5 skin lesions (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.007-1.20; p = 0.03) and a lower chance of having 5 to 15 skin lesions (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03-1.23; p= 0.008) and a lower chance of being a grade I disability ( CI= 0.73-0.94; p=0.83) and II (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.77-0.98; p=000.1). CONCLUSION: Cases of multibacillary leprosy were associated with male gender, low educational level, and clinical variables such as number of skin lesions and grade I or II disability.

Fatores associados ao acidente de trabalho na equipe de enfermagem / Factors associated with work accidents in the nursing team

Objetivo: identificar os fatores que estão associados ao acidente de trabalho, segundo a equipe de Enfermagem do setor de ortopedia. Método: estudo transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 26profissionais de Enfermagem do setor de ortopedia de um hospital público. A coleta de dados foi realizada com um formulário e os dados, armazenados no software SPSS 22, em seguida, analisados, apresentados em tabelas e discutidos com a literatura. Resultados: observou-se que 57,6% dos trabalhadores da equipe de Enfermagem relataram a ocorrência de acidentes de trabalho nos últimos três meses. Fatores como ter mais de um vínculo empregatício e alterações no sono estavam associados à ocorrência de acidente de trabalho. Conclusão: o acidente de trabalho é uma prática frequente na equipe de Enfermagem que atua no setor de ortopedia hospitalar, influenciado por mais de um vínculo empregatício e alterações no sono dos profissionais

Incidência de hanseníase em menores de 15 anos acompanhados no Município de Imperatriz, Maranhão, entre 2004 e 2010 / Incidence of leprosy in patients aged 15 or younger cared in the Municipality of Imperatriz, Maranhão, between 2004 and 2010

Objetivou-se estimar a incidência global e em casos índices de hanseníase e traçar o perfil sócio demográfico em menores de 15 anos no município de Imperatriz, Maranhão. Realizou-se um estudo longitudinal retrospectivo dos casos de hanseníase no município, utilizando-se dados obtidos das notificações do agravo junto ao SINAN NET. A população do estudo compreendeu 284 casos novos notificados no período entre 2004 e 2010. A análise dos dados utilizou os testes Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou o Exato de Fischer. Evidenciou-se elevados coeficientes de detecção no ano de 2005 (83,38/ 100.000 hab.), incapacidade física no diagnóstico em 2004 (39,62%.) e de contatos examinados (24,44%). Houve predomínio de casos no sexo masculino (51,06%), cor parda (55,65%), faixa etária de 10­14 anos (60,22%) e com escolaridade média de 6­11 anos (59,8%). A maioria das formas clínicas notificadas foi do tipo indeterminada (40,13 %), tendo como predominante o grau de incapacidade física II (21,1 %). Não foram estatisticamente significantes as diferenças proporcionais entre as formas clínicas (p-valor=0,056); ao passo que a escolaridade apresentou associação significativa (p<0,0001) com a ocorrência da doença entre menores de 15 anos de idade. Conclui-se que a hanseníase continua uma doença de fácil disseminação, considerando a frequência de casos novos.

The purpose of this study was to estimate the global incidence and cases indexes of leprosy and to design the socio-demographic profile in children under 15 years of age in the municipality of Imperatriz, in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. A longitudinal retrospective study of leprosy cases in the municipality was performed, using information generated by the disease reports in SINAN NET. Data collection included 284 patients reported from 2004 to 2010, classified as new cases. Data analysis used Pearson's Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. There were high detection coefficients in 2005 (83.38/100.000 inhabitants), physical incapacity in the diagnosis in 2004 (39.62%) and in examined contacts (24.44%). There was a predominance of male (51.06%), brown color (55.65%), aged between 10-14 years (60.22%), and average schooling of 6-11 years (59.8%). Most of the clinical forms reported were of the indeterminate type (40.13%), with predominance of physical incapacity degree II (21.1%). The proportional differences between the clinical forms (p-value = 0.056) were not statistically significant, while schooling presented a significant association (p <0.0001) with the occurrence of the disease among children under 15 years of age. It can be concluded that leprosy remains a disease with easy spread when considering the rate of new cases.

The Effect of Educational Intervention Regarding the Knowledge of Mothers on Prevention of Accidents in Childhood.

Early guidance emphasizes the provision of information to families about growth and normal development in childhood such as specific information about security at home. This research aimed to analyze mothers' knowledge about the prevention of accidents in childhood before and after an educational intervention. It was conducted as a quasi-experimental study with 155 mothers in a Basic Health Unit in northeastern of Brazil in April and May of 2015. The data were collected in two stages through a self-report questionnaire performed before and after the educational intervention by the subjects. The results revealed a significant increase in knowledge about prevention of accidents in childhood in all the self-applied questions (p<0.05). After the educational intervention, there seemed to be a significant difference with the questions regarding the knowledge on preventing fall (p=0.000), drowning (p=0.000), and intoxication (p=0.007). The authors concluded that the educational intervention performed in this study increased the subjects' knowledge on prevention of accidents in childhood.