A study of the proteomic expression in patients with complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion.

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the differences in the proteomic expression between uncomplicated parapneumonic pleural effusion (UPPE) and complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion (CPPE). Material and methods: There were 10 patients with UPPE and 10 patients with CPPE. These patients were combined due to the complication of pleural effusion and further divided into group A and group B. An LC-MS analysis was conducted with the extraction of high-abundance proteins, and proteins with 1.5-fold or higher difference multiples were identified as differential proteins. Then, gene ontology (GO) and KEGG analyses were conducted on the differential proteins between the groups. Results: Compared with the UPPE group, there were 38 upregulated proteins and 29 downregulated proteins in the CPPE group. The GO analysis revealed that the CPPE group had enhanced expressions in monosaccharide biosynthesis, glucose catabolism, fructose-6-phosphate glycolysis, glucose-6-phosphate glycolysis, and NADH regeneration as well as reduced expressions in fibrinogen complexes, protein polymerization, and coagulation. Moreover, the KEGG analysis showed that the CPPE group had enhanced expressions in amino acid synthesis, the HIF-1 signalling pathway, and glycolysis/glycoisogenesis and decreased expressions in platelet activation and complement activation. Conclusions: In pleural effusion in patients with CPPE, there are enhanced expressions of proteins concerning glucose and amino acid metabolism, NADH regeneration, and HIF-1 signalling pathways together with decreased expressions of proteins concerning protein polymerization, blood coagulation, platelet activation, and complement activation.

Research on the coordinated development of ecosystem services and well-being in agricultural and pastoral areas.

Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) has been widely accepted as a policy tool for promoting ecological and social progress. However, PES development and implementation in traditional agricultural and pastoral areas are often more challenging than in other areas. The contradiction between ecological protection and people's livelihood development in traditional agricultural and pastoral areas is related to developing country's sustainable development strategy. Based on this, we evaluate the PES (ERCCP: the Ecological Relocation and Capital Compensation Program) program in Tianzhu County, as a case study to investigated the impact of ERCCP on the local natural and social ecosystems on a 20-year scale. The results of indicated that ERCCP has achieved "win-win" gains of restoring environment and promoting socioeconomic development: in the 10 years since ERCCP was implemented, the area of forest land and grassland increased significantly, increasing by 1135.6 ha and 919.62 ha, respectively. 57.5% of farmland was converted to grassland and 30.8% to forest, respectively. In addition, 92.2% and 7.5% of bare land were replaced by grassland and forest, respectively, indicating a gradual recovery of green land during this period. We also analyzed the effects of ERCCP on social systems, and found that the change of agro-pastoralists' attitude towards ERCCP promoted the transfer of labor force from the primary industry to the tertiary industry, accelerated the development of urbanization, and made the poor population completely out of poverty by 2020. In addition, we predict that the income level of households, the PES return on investment of local governments, and the value of regional ecosystem services will increase significantly after 2025. In this context, We establish a theoretical model to explain the win-win plan for the coordinated development of ecosystem services and regional well-being to explore the sustainability of PES and provided a typical case for the similar research area in the world, especially in the areas with the ecological fragility and poverty problems.

[Data-driven study of complex socio-economic-natural ecosystems: Scales, processes and decision linkages]. / 数据驱动的社会-经济-è‡ªç„¶å¤åˆç”Ÿæ€ç³»ç»Ÿç ”ç©¶:å°ºåº¦ã€è¿‡ç¨‹åŠå ¶å†³ç­–å ³è”.

The social-economic-natural system is a complex system for human survival and development, and the data-driven system research provides a new value-added orientation to enhance the cognition of the ecosystem. Under the new data context, the social-economic-natural complex system shows new features. The research object is gradually changing from a single element to a multi-factor coupling direction, which makes the data system more diversified, data sources more extensive, data expression more visualized. The research scale shows the characteristics of gradually expanding, and the research object would be more detailed. In the process of data identification, expression and visualization, it is therefore necessary to strengthen the coupling of time, space, structure, quantity and order, as well as to focus on the integration with decision making and local services. The future research of complex ecosystems in the new era should be carried out in terms of key scientific issues and supporting technologies, the role of scale and multi-factor coupling, as well as scientific and technological support for local and global governance. Under the continuous innovation of data, strengthening the cognition of multi-source data, long-term monitoring and time series still needs to be studied in depth. Carrying out data-driven analysis of complex ecosystems not only provides technical support for ecosystem services and sustainable development and enhances the long-term data sharing mechanism, but also provides more value support for realizing decision making and information dissemination.

[Effects of warming on radial growth of Picea crassifolia in the eastern Qilian Mountains, China]. / 升温对祁连山东部青海云杉径向生长的影响.

Tree-rings of Picea crassifolia from high (3000 m), middle (2750 m) and low (2500 m) altitudes were collected from the Xiying River basin in the eastern Qilian Mountains, with the standard chronology being established using dendrochronological methods. Results of the correlation analysis between tree-ring width index and temperature and precipitation during different periods showed that radial growth of P. crassifolia at different altitudes responded differently to climate warming in the eastern Qilian Mountains. Water and heat availability were the main limiting factors for the radial growth of P. crassifolia in the eastern part of Qilian Mountains. The growth limiting factors at different altitudes were generally the same. Before the prominent warming (1961-1986), radial growth of P. crassifolia at the three sampling altitudes was significantly negatively correlated with mean maximum temperature in July-August of the previous year and August of the current year, and significantly positively correlated with the relative humidity in June of the current year. After the prominent warming period (1986-2014), tree growth at high, middle, and low altitudes remained significantly negatively correlated with air temperature, changed from non-significantly negative to significantly positive correlation with relative humidity in February of the current year, and changed from significantly positive to non-significantly negative correlation with precipitation and relative humidity in June. Warming caused a slowing growth of P. crassifolia tree-ring at all altitudes, with the highest altitude being the most sensitive. Drought stress caused by climate warming might be the main reason for the changes of radial growth of P. crassifolia.

[Stem radial growth of Picea crassifolia in response to climatic factors in the western Qilian Mountains, China]. / ç¥è¿žå±±è¥¿éƒ¨é’æµ·äº‘æ‰å¾„å‘ç”Ÿé•¿å¯¹æ°”å€™å› å­çš„å“åº”.

The radial growth of eight individuals of Picea crassifolia and environmental factors were monitored by Dendrometer and automatic meteorological station in the western Qilian Mountains. The Gompertz function fitted results showed that the radial growth of P. crassifolia started on April 19, April 17, and April 10 in 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively, and that the radial growth started when daily mean temperature exceeded 5.5 ℃. The radial growth of P. crassifolia ended on August 17, August 21, and July 19 in the three years, respectively. The ending time of radial growth was related to precipitation at the end of growing season. The radial growth of P. crassifolia was strongly inhibited by drought, and it had the strongest correlation with daily mean temperature (negative correlation) and daily precipitation (positive correlation) in July. The correlation of radial growth with the daily precipitation in the early growing season (May) showed significant inter-annual variation.

[Research progress on cambial activity of trees and the influencing factors]. / æ ‘æœ¨å½¢æˆå±‚æ´»åŠ¨åŠå ¶å½±å“å› ç´ ç ”ç©¶è¿›å±•.

Tree growth is the main way of carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems, which is influenced by climatic and non-climatic factors. The long-term location monitoring of cambial phenology and wood formation dynamics (xylogenesis) is an important method to clarify the responses of radial growth to climate change. Here, we reviewed studies on cambial phenology and xylogenesis by microcoring method. Firstly, we reviewed the effects of climatic factors on cambial phenology. The onset and cessation of xylogenesis were determined by temperature in cold and humid conditions. Temperature and water availability collectively modulated the onset of xylogenesis under dry conditions, and the later determined the end of xylogenesis. The radial increment was regulated by rate and duration of cell production, with the maximum of growth rate occurring around the summer solstice. Short-term N addition did not affect wood formation dynamics. Secondly, we reviewed the roles of biological factors in regulating xylogenesis. The onset of xylogenesis differred among species, ages, and inter-specific competition. Seasonal dynamics of non-structural carbohydrates were coupled with wood formation. Finally, we reviewed the response mechanisms of xylogenesis to the interaction of climatic and biological factors. In conclusion, we put forward problems in current studies and prospected future development to provide reference for further scientific research.

A Case of Massive Cerebral Arterial Air Embolism Induced by Artificial Pneumothorax and Its Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of cerebral arterial air embolism. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION: The clinical data of a patient with cerebral arterial air embolism induced during artificial pneumothorax were retrospectively analyzed. The patient needed the induction of artificial pneumothorax for medical thoracoscopy but developed hemiplegia and disturbance of consciousness during the induction. Cerebral arterial air embolism was detected by head computed tomography. CONCLUSION: Artificial pneumothorax may induce cerebral arterial air embolism.