Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Borderline Personality Features as Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation Among Male Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

U.S. veterans are at increased risk for suicide compared to their civilian counterparts and account for approximately 20% of all deaths by suicide. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality features (BPF) have each been associated with increased suicide risk. Additionally, emerging research suggests that nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) may be a unique risk factor for suicidal behavior. Archival data from 728 male veterans with a PTSD diagnosis who were receiving care through an outpatient Veterans Health Administration (VHA) specialty PTSD clinic were analyzed. Diagnosis of PTSD was based on a structured clinical interview administered by trained clinicians. A subscale of the Personality Assessment Inventory was used to assess BPF, and NSSI and suicidal ideation (SI) were assessed by self-report. Findings revealed that NSSI (58.8%) and BPF (23.5%) were both relatively common in this sample of male veterans with PTSD. As expected, each condition was associated with significantly increased odds of experiencing SI compared to PTSD alone, odds ratios (ORs) = 1.2-2.6. Moreover, co-occurring PTSD, NSSI, and BPF were associated with significantly increased odds of experiencing SI compared with PTSD, OR = 5.68; comorbid PTSD and NSSI, OR = 2.57; and comorbid PTSD and BPF, OR = 2.13. The present findings provide new insight into the rates of NSSI and BPF among male veterans with PTSD and highlight the potential importance of these factors in suicide risk.

Spanish Abstracts by Asociación Chilena de Estrés Traumático (ACET) Autoagresiones no suicidas y características del Trastorno de Personalidad Limítrofe como Factores de Riesgo para Ideación Suicida entre Veteranos varones con Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático ALNS, TPL E IS ENTRE VETERANOS VARONES CON TEPT Los veteranos estadounidenses tienen un riesgo de suicidio mayor que su contraparte civil, dando cuenta de aproximadamente el 20% de las muertes por suicidio. El Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático (TEPT) y los síntomas del Trastorno de Personalidad Limítrofe (TPL) han sido asociados individualmente con un aumento del riesgo suicida. Adicionalmente, la investigación emergente sugiere que las autolesiones no suicidas (ALNS) pueden ser un factor de riesgo único para la conducta suicida. Se analizaron datos de archivo de 728 veteranos varones con diagnóstico de TEPT que estaban recibiendo atención a través de una clínica ambulatoria especializada en TEPT de la Administración de Salud de Veteranos (VHA, por sus siglas en inglés). El diagnóstico de TEPT se basó en una entrevista clínica estructurada administrada por clínicos entrenados. Se usó una subescala del Inventario de Evaluación de la Personalidad para evaluar TPL, y las ALNS e Ideación Suicida (IS) fueron evaluadas por auto-reporte. Los hallazgos revelaron que las ALNS (58.8%) y las características de TPL (23.5%) fueron ambas relativamente comunes en esta muestra de varones veteranos con TEPT. Como era esperado, cada condición se asoció con una probabilidad significativamente aumentada de experimentar IS comparado al TEPT solo, odds ratio (ORs) = 1.2-2.6. Más aún, la co-ocurrencia de TEPT, ALNS y TPL se asoció a una probabilidad significativamente mayor de experimentar IS comparado con TEPT, OR = 5.68; TEPT y ALNS comórbidos, OR=2.57; y TEPT comórbido con TPL, OR=2.13. Los presentes hallazgos proveen una nueva visión en las tasas de ALNS y características de TPL entre los varones veteranos con TEPT y destacan la potencial importancia de estos factores en el riesgo de suicidio.

The Subjective Court Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence Victims: Does Motherhood Matter?

Many women with children experience intimate partner violence (IPV). These survivors are particularly important to assist, because countless have complex safety concerns related to their children. Mothers' concerns about their children have been shown to impact their decision making related to abuse, but researchers have not closely explored what happens during mothers' interactions with help sources. This study examined whether women with (n = 98) and without (n = 44) children differ in a) their court experiences through their perceptions of procedural and distributive justice, and b) the context of their lives surrounding the court experience. We also explored the relationship between contextual factors and procedural and distributive justice. Results indicate participants were relatively satisfied with their court experiences, despite experiencing reabuse, danger, and fear throughout court processes. Mothers reported significantly higher levels of distributive justice and contact with the abusive partner than non-mothers. However, mothers did not differ significantly from non-mothers with regard to procedural justice, fear, danger, reabuse or reliance on the abusive partner. Results of multiple regression analyses indicated the interaction between fear and motherhood significantly predicted participants' perceptions of distributive justice, as did the interaction between danger and motherhood. In these interactions, mothers' fear and perceptions of danger were not related to their perception of distributive justice. However, non-mothers who reported higher levels of fear and danger perceived less distributive justice. Results suggest mothers and non-mothers enter the system with similar life contexts, and that these contextual factors impact their perceptions of court outcomes differently.