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Objective: to evaluate the effects of the red and near-infrared wavelength lasers in isolated and simultaneous way on the modulation of inflammatory cytokines produced by human keratinocytes (HaCaT) challenged by cytokines of human monocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli. Design: HaCaT cells was previously exposed to the laser with wavelengths red (660 nm), near-infrared (808 nm). Then, HaCat cells were stimulated with the supernatant of lipopolysaccharide-challenged peripheral blood cells. The cytokines expressed by HaCat cells were measured using multiplex CBA assay. Results: HaCaT cells increased the production of inflammatory cytokines when stimulated with infrared laser compared to the control group (IFN-α2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL -12p70, IL -17A, IL-23, IL-33), the red laser group (IFN-γ and IL-23) and the group of two lasers used simultaneously (IFN-α2, IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-8, IL-17A, IL-18 and IL-23) (p < 0.05). The red laser also stimulated an increase in the expression of IFN-α2 by HaCaT cells in relation to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Infrared laser, with an energy density of 5 J/cm2, appear to be able to modulate inflammatory cytokines produced by HaCaT cells challenged by human monocyte cytokines.
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Syphilis is a sexually transmitted bacterial disease that has shown a significant increase in its incidence in recent years, both in Brazil and around the world. The disease can be transmitted sexually (acquired) or congenitally. The main route of transmission of the disease is sexual. When not treated initially, the infection becomes systemic and, in many cases, exhibits manifestations in the oral mucosa, allowing the establishment of the diagnosis through confirmation by laboratory tests. The great variability of clinical presentations of its oral lesions may make its identification difficult, so it is essential to know the characteristics of syphilis for a correct diagnosis. The identification of oral manifestations can help in the early diagnosis, which is of great importance for the correct treatment of this infection, as if it is not treated in time, it can result in morbidity and even mortality. In this study, five cases of secondary syphilis with different clinical manifestations in the buccal region are presented. The etiopathogenesis, the evolution of the disease, the useful tests for diagnosis and treatment are discussed. The role of the dental surgeon is increasingly evident as part of a multidisciplinary healthcare team. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare for orientation, reception, early identification of the lesions, and targeting a day of treatment of this infection. (AU)
A sífilis é uma doença bacteriana sexualmente transmissível que tem apresentado aumento significativo em sua incidência nos últimos anos, tanto no Brasil quanto no mundo. Pode ser transmitida sexualmente (adquirida) ou de forma congênita. A principal via de transmissão da doença é sexual. Quando não tratada inicialmente, a infecção torna-se sistêmica e, em muitos casos, apresenta manifestações na mucosa oral, permitindo o estabelecimento do diagnóstico por meio da confirmação por exames laboratoriais. A grande variabilidade de apresentações clínicas de suas lesões bucais pode dificultar sua identificação, por isso é fundamental conhecer as características da sífilis para um diagnóstico correto. A identificação das manifestações bucais pode auxiliar no diagnóstico precoce, o que é de grande importância para o correto tratamento desta infecção, pois se não for tratada a tempo, pode resultar em morbidade e até mortalidade. Neste estudo, são apresentados cinco casos de sífilis secundária com diferentes manifestações clínicas na região bucal. A etiopatogenia, a evolução da doença, os testes úteis para o diagnóstico e tratamento são discutidos. O papel do cirurgião-dentista é cada vez mais evidente como parte de uma equipe multidisciplinar de saúde. Portanto, é preciso se preparar para orientação, acolhimento, identificação precoce das lesões e direcionamento de um dia de tratamento dessa infecção. (AU)
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OBJECTIVE: To describe the frequency, clinical, and demographic features of minor salivary gland tumors and possible associated factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Clinical and demographic data were collected from biopsy records of two oral pathology services. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and descriptive statistical analysis were performed. RESULTS: A total of 480 (0.89%) minor salivary gland tumors were retrieved, 272 (56.7%) benign and 147 (30.7%) malignant. Sixty-one (12.6%) had no subtype specification. Most patients were women (307/64.0%), in sixth decade of life (80/16.7%), with a mean age of 45.32 years. Palate was the most common site (336/70.1%). Pleomorphic adenoma (PA; 245/51.1%), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC; 70/14.6%), and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC; 43/8.9%) were the most frequent tumors. Symptomatic case, recurrence, and tobacco use were associated with malignancy (p < 0.05). PA and MEC were more frequent in palate (p < 0.05). No association between the three most frequent histological types and gender or age group was observed (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This represents one of the largest exclusive series of minor salivary gland tumors in Brazil and worldwide. PA, MEC, and ACC were the most frequent tumors. Clinical and demographic data are similar from Brazilian studies or from other countries.
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Adenoma Pleomorfo , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Estudos Transversais , Glândulas Salivares Menores , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/epidemiologia , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/patologia , Adenoma Pleomorfo/epidemiologia , Adenoma Pleomorfo/patologia , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/epidemiologia , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/patologia , Demografia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Aim: The purpose of the study was to analyze the knowledge of dentists in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, about bisphosphonates and their clinical implications. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted with a convenience sample of dentists in Belo Horizonte, in a period of 8 weeks. The questionnaire was self-applied and was structured with 10 items about the dentists' demographic characteristics, professional profile, and knowledge about bisphosphonates. Associations in the data were analyzed by with the Fischer's exact test with a significance level of 5%. Results: Of the 214 participating dentists, 163 (76.17%) were women, and 51 (23.83%) were men, with age ranged for 21 to 73 years (mean of 30 years) and mean of 6 years of professional activity. Nearly half (106/49.53%) reported having knowledge about bisphosphonates, and undergraduate courses were the primary source of such information (73/34.11%). Osteoporosis was the most identified indication for use (75/35.04%), although no participants correctly identified all indications. Regarding the drugs' side effects, only three dentists (1.40%) could correctly identify all responses, with bone necrosis being recognized by the majority (88/41.12%). Sodium alendronate (54/25.23%) and sodium ibandronate (15/7.01%) were the most identified examples of bisphosphonates. Last, only nine dentists (4.20%) could identify all examples of the drugs, and their capacity was associated with self-reported knowledge (p<0.05). Conclusions: More information about bisphosphonates should be disseminated in Belo Horizonte, ideally via better approaches in local undergraduate and postgraduate courses. Until then, knowledge of the basic aspects of bisphosphonates will remain limited
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Conscientização , Inquéritos e Questionários , Conhecimento , Odontólogos , Difosfonatos/efeitos adversos , Uso de MedicamentosRESUMO
The present study is a systematic review of the evaluation of screening programs as a strategy for early detection of oral cancer. The aim of this study was to assess whether screening through visual inspection is able to identify injuries in early stages, to increase survival, and to decrease the incidence and mortality of oral cancer. Studies using visual inspection to screen for oral cancer and potentially malignant lesions in apparently healthy individuals over 18 years without previous diagnosis of the disease were included. The MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane databases Library, EMBASE, and LILACS, including manual search and gray literature, were searched through January 2021 with no language or date restrictions. The risk of bias and the methodological quality were evaluated according to the appropriate tool for each study design. The analysis of the results was narrative. Seventeen studies were reviewed that included cohort, accuracy, and randomized clinical trial studies. The tracking type performed was opportunistic and organized in a variety of environments. The age of participants ranged between 18 and 60 years old and, in some programs, only people with risk habits for oral cancer were included. The screeners were healthcare professionals, physicians, and dentists. Two studies reported data on the incidence rate of severe cases and mortality and showed a reduction when patients were at risk for the disease and participated in the program more than once. A limitation of this review was the great variability observed in the estimates of the screening effectiveness among the studies, which made comparisons difficult. If a screening program is continuous and able to ensure the inclusion of high-risk individuals, it can contribute to improvement in survival rates with a change of stage and can have a significant impact on incidence and mortality due to the disease. Registration in the Open Science Framebook (OSF) with the osf.io/zg8nr link.
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Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Neoplasias Bucais , Adolescente , Adulto , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Exame Físico/métodos , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Adulto JovemRESUMO
ABSTRACT Oral amyloidosis is a disease characterized by extracellular and irreversible deposition of amorphous and fibrillar proteins in the oral cavity, being strongly associated with Multiple Myeloma. The objective of this study is to report a case of a 62-year-old woman diagnosed with Multiple Myeloma who, approximately 2 years after starting treatment for the underlying disease, presented a lesion on the lateral border of the tongue with exophytic growth, pinkish color, vascularized, painless, measuring 3cm in its largest diameter. After histopathological analysis through incisional biopsy, a final diagnosis of amyloidosis was obtained. As a local treatment, we opted for complete excision of the lesion. The patient evolved to death due to Multiple Myeloma influenced by the diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis. Oral amyloidosis is usually associated with the systemic presentation of the disease, making it necessary to conduct a thorough investigation of other organs. Its diagnosis is important since the prognosis is directly related and can negatively influence survival rates and treatment of the underlying disease.
RESUMO A amiloidose oral é uma doença caracterizada pela deposição extracelular e irreversível de proteínas amorfas e fibrilares na cavidade bucal, sendo fortemente associada com Mieloma Múltiplo. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso de uma mulher com 62 anos de idade diagnosticada com Mieloma Múltiplo que, aproximadamente 2 anos após o início do tratamento para a doença de base, apresentou lesão em borda lateral de língua com crescimento exofítico, de coloração rósea, vascularizada, indolor, medindo 3 cm em seu maior diâmetro. Após análise histopatológica através de biópsia incisional, obteve-se diagnóstico final de amiloidose. Como tratamento local, optou-se pela exérese completa da lesão. A paciente evoluiu para óbito por consequência do Mieloma Múltiplo com complicações associadas à amiloidose sistêmica. A amiloidose oral geralmente está associada com a apresentação sistêmica da doença, tornando necessária uma investigação aprofundada nos demais órgãos. Seu diagnóstico é importante uma vez que pode influenciar diretamente no prognóstico e, consequentemente, negativamente nas taxas de sobrevida e no tratamento da doença de base.
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COVID-19 , Dermatopatias , Consenso , Humanos , Mucosa Bucal , Pandemias , Estudos Prospectivos , SARS-CoV-2 , EspanhaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (JSGH) is a benign proliferation of non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium with evident spongiosis, exocytosis leukocytes and dilated vessels with varying numbers of inflammatory cells. Although uncertain, it has been suggested that the epithelial proliferation is probably related to trauma and local irritants. It emerges as a painless erythematous patch or papule with an irregular surface. CASE REPORTS: We present a series of eight cases and a literature review of the clinical presentation and treatment approaches for JSGH. This series includes four females and four males with a mean age of 11.6 years, all complaining of injury to the gums. All lesions were painless and not bleeding. One patient associated the lesion with the onset of trauma and another with a previous history of an eruption cyst. Periapical radiographs of the adjacent area did not show any alteration of bone or teeth. Based on these findings, the diagnostic hypotheses were a non-neoplastic proliferative process or a factitious injury. Incisional biopsy was performed and histopathologic diagnosis was conclusive for JSGH. Surgical excision was conducted in three cases, and the other five cases were supported by clinical observation and plaque control in order to prevent gingival recession defects. After a follow-up period of 11 months (mean), no recurrence was observed for surgically treated cases and mild improvement was achieved with periodontal treatment. CONCLUSION: This case series illustrates the importance of diagnosis and follow-up of patients with JSGH. A conservative approach consisting of basic periodontal support instead of surgical excision may be indicated because of the risk of aesthetic defects at the involved areas.
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Placa Dentária , Hiperplasia Gengival , Retração Gengival , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Hiperplasia Gengival/cirurgia , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To describe the effectiveness and safety of a sclerotherapy protocol with 5% ethanolamine oleate (EO) at 0.1 mL/3 mm for oral vascular anomalies (OVAs). Our hypothesis is that EO applied at a concentration of 5% may decrease the number of sessions necessary for clinical healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We describe a cohort of 15 consecutive patients. OVAs <20 mm were included. Clinical data of the OVAs were collected. Descriptive and bivariate statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: Fifteen of the 19 OVAs were varicosities and the lower lip was the most affected site (n = 7). The median size was 6 mm, and one session was required in 89.5% of cases for clinical healing within 28 days. The pain/burning score was low (<2) for most lesions (63.1%) and the degree of satisfaction was high (>8) for all OVAs. The number of applications, final volume of drug and time to resolution differed significantly according to the size of the anomaly. CONCLUSION: The protocol with 5% EO was shown to be effective and safe to treat OVAs <20 mm, and with a decrease in the number of sessions, volume and time to resolution, without complications and with high patient satisfaction.
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Malformações Arteriovenosas/terapia , Ácidos Oleicos/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Oleicos/uso terapêutico , Escleroterapia/métodos , Varizes/terapia , Doenças Vasculares/terapia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Lábio , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Soluções Esclerosantes/uso terapêutico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the response rate of the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire sent and received by mail and over a social network to caregivers of individuals with epidermolysis bullosa (EB) in Brazil. Methods: All volunteers were first-degree relatives of patients with EB that directly spent time helping them with their basic activities of daily living. A maximum of two caregivers per patient could answer the questionnaire. Volunteers were divided into two groups: for group 1, questionnaires were sent to 53 members of a support association for the disease by mail, and for group 2, 798 members of the Facebook™ page of friends and relatives of patients with EB were invited to participate using an access link to Google Drive™ to gain access to the questionnaire. The data from both groups were analyzed 150 days after the start the study. Descriptive analysis was performed by EpiInfo8 and the return of questionnaires was evaluated according to age, sex, and time of return using the Chi-squared and Fisher's exact test. Results: After 150 days, 30 questionnaires were returned, 17 (56.7%) of which from group 1 and 13 (43.3%) from group 2. Approximately 12 questionnaires were returned by mail and 11 over the social network. Conclusions: The data collection of the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire from caregivers of individuals with EB over a social network seems to be efficient mainly when it is necessary to collect results within a short timeframe, highlighting the importance of social networks as a means for conducting this type of research. However, in our study, the most efficient method was distributing the questionnaires by mail
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Qualidade de Vida , Apoio Social , Inquéritos e Questionários , Epidermólise Bolhosa , Correio EletrônicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To characterize the immunophenotype and the distribution of the inflammatory infiltrate (INF) in salivary glands (SG) of patients with chronic hepatitis C, comparing with laboratorial data (genotype, viral load, METAVIR, and HCV RNA in SG), and liver. METHODS: INF was classified as diffuse or focal. Immunohistochemistry for CD3, CD20, CD8, CD4, CD57, CD68, and S100 was performed in 61 SG and 59 livers. RESULTS: Diffuse INF was more common in SG than in liver. CD3(+), CD20(+), and CD8(+) were the most frequent cells in both tissues, with few CD57(+), CD68(+), and S100(+) cells. CD4(+) cells were common in liver, but rare in SG. Liver presented higher indexes for all markers, except S100(+) (p<0.05). Higher CD3(+), CD20(+), and CD8(+) (p<0.05) were observed in SG with focal infiltrate than with diffuse infiltrate. In liver, CD20(+) and CD3(+) were higher in focal infiltrate, and CD68(+) in diffuse infiltrate (p<0.05). Comparisons with laboratorial data did not show statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The INF in SG was mainly composed by T and B lymphocytes, mostly cytotoxic T cells. The glandular INF can present differences in composition according to its distribution. A more intense inflammation was observed in liver, but similar cell types were identified in SG, except for CD4(+).
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Hepatite C Crônica/imunologia , Hepatite C Crônica/patologia , Glândulas Salivares Menores/imunologia , Glândulas Salivares Menores/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antígenos de Superfície/metabolismo , Feminino , Hepatite C Crônica/metabolismo , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Imunofenotipagem , Inflamação/imunologia , Inflamação/metabolismo , Inflamação/patologia , Fígado/imunologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/metabolismo , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Glândulas Salivares Menores/metabolismo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Gardner's syndrome, an autosomal dominant syndrome, is linked to familial adenomatosis polyposis (FAP), which is known mainly as a colorectal disease. FAP also presents extracolonically as intestinal polyposis, multiple osteomas, cutaneous cysts, or fibromas. This article reports the case of a 66-year-old white woman who was referred to the Oral Medicine Clinic, School of Dentistry, Universidade Vale do Rio Verde, Brazil, for evaluation of multiple sclerotic, asymptomatic masses in the jaws that were observed in a routine periapical radiographic exam by a dentist. The patient presented with intestinal poliposis, periosteal osteoma in the face, and fibromas and multiple endosteal osteomas in the maxilla, which are indications of Gardner's syndrome. The clinical differential diagnosis included multiple buccal exostoses, idiopathic osteosclerosis, cemento-osseous dysplasias, multiple odontomas, osteomas, and Gardner's syndrome. Patients with a suspected diagnosis of Gardner's syndrome should be referred to a dermatologist, have a colonoscopy performed, and be followed up by a dentist.
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Síndrome de Gardner , Osteoma , Polipose Adenomatosa do Colo , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Osteoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia , Neoplasias CutâneasRESUMO
Desmoplastic fibroblastoma is a rare, benign, soft tissue tumor affecting mainly the subcutaneous and muscle tissue. Only five cases identified in the oral cavity have been reported in prior literature. This article presents a case report of a 56-year-old man, with no previous history of trauma, who presented a slow-growing mass in the buccal mucosa. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry staining studies were performed, and a diagnosis of the desmoplastic fibroblastoma was made. The patient has been disease-free for one year.
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Fibroma Desmoplásico/diagnóstico , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Fibroma/diagnóstico , Fibroma Desmoplásico/metabolismo , Fibroma Desmoplásico/cirurgia , Células Gigantes/patologia , Hiperplasia Gengival/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucosa Bucal/metabolismo , Neoplasias Bucais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Bucais/cirurgia , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/metabolismo , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/cirurgia , Ferimentos e Lesões/diagnósticoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Salivary gland disorders in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) have been considered oral extrahepatic manifestations, reinforcing the hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a sialotropic virus. Hence, the authors investigated the prevalence of HCV RNA in saliva and salivary glands and its possible association with xerostomia, hyposalivation and sialadenitis in patients with CHC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 65 patients with confirmed CHC, the HCV RNA was investigated by nested RT-PCR in saliva samples and minor salivary glands. Xerostomia, hyposalivation, clinical and histopathological evidence of sialadenitis were also evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to verify associations. RESULTS: HCV RNA was detected in the saliva of 26/65 (40.0%) patients and in 12/65 (18.5%) salivary glands. Xerostomia was reported by 23/65 (35.4%) patients, and hyposalivation was diagnosed in 13/65 (20.0%) patients. Sialadenitis was confirmed by histopathological features in 31/65 (47.7%) patients. Twelve (38.7%) of the 31 patients with sialadenitis presented HCV RNA in saliva and 2/31 (6.5%) in salivary glands. No associations were found between xerostomia, hyposalivation or sialadenitis and the detection of HCV RNA in saliva or in salivary glands. CONCLUSIONS: Although xerostomia, hyposalivation and sialadenitis are frequent findings in CHC patients, our study did not confirm the association between the detection of HCV RNA in saliva or salivary glands with these salivary gland disorders. However, an indirect role of HCV by immune-mediated virus mechanisms in the pathogenesis of salivary gland disorders in this group of patients cannot be ruled out.
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Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C Crônica/complicações , Saliva/virologia , Sialadenite/virologia , Xerostomia/virologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hepatite C Crônica/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Viral/análise , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/métodos , Glândulas Salivares Menores/patologia , Glândulas Salivares Menores/virologia , Sialadenite/patologia , Xerostomia/patologia , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Angiomioma/patologia , Neoplasias Palatinas/patologia , Palato Duro/patologia , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/patologia , Glândulas Salivares Menores/patologia , Adenoma Pleomorfo/patologia , Adenoma Pleomorfo/cirurgia , Adulto , Angiomioma/cirurgia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperplasia , Neoplasias Palatinas/cirurgia , Palato Duro/cirurgia , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/cirurgia , Glândulas Salivares Menores/cirurgia , Telangiectasia/patologia , Telangiectasia/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to carry out an epidemiological study to assess the prevalence of oral mucosal conditions in Brazilian patients with chronic hepatitis C. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was carried out on 215 patients with chronic hepatitis C who were examined for oral mucosal conditions, including oral mucosal lesions and variations of normality. RESULTS: The prevalence of patients with chronic hepatitis C presenting oral mucosal conditions was 96.3 percent (207 patients). Oral mucosal lesions were present in 147 patients (68.4 percent), whereas variations of normality were observed in 173 patients (80.5 percent). The most common lesions included cheek biting in 42 cases (19.5 percent), candidiasis in 39 cases (18.1 percent), and leukoplakia in 28 cases (13.0 percent). The association of oral lichen planus with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection proved to be statistically significant (P = 0.002). The most frequent variations of normality included Fordyce's spots in 96 cases (44.7 percent), lingual varicosities in 67 cases (31.2 percent), and fissured tongue in 60 cases (27.9 percent). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of patients with chronic hepatitis C presenting oral mucosal conditions was 96.3 percent. Despite this high prevalence, only the association between oral lichen planus and hepatitis C showed statistical significance. Considering that HCV infection may be associated with extrahepatic disorders, such as oral manifestations, efforts should be made to clarify the possible relation between oral conditions and HCV infection. This may be helpful in the earlier diagnosis of the infection mainly in asymptomatic patients.
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Hepatite C Crônica/complicações , Líquen Plano Bucal/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Mordeduras Humanas/complicações , Candidíase Bucal/complicações , Bochecha/lesões , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Leucoplasia Oral/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
It is estimated that 170-200 million people in the world are chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus. This fact indicates that the prevention and treatment of hepatitis C virus infection are a priority in public health care. To date, the best treatment consists of the combination of pegylated interferon (IFN) and ribavirin. IFN is costly and associated with low tolerance and severe side effects. Ribavirin is also problematic because it causes secondary anemia in most patients. It has been described that oral lichen planus (OLP) can appear or be exacerbated during the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. The improvement of the lesions of OLP after the discontinuation of therapy suggests that IFN may induce or worsen these lesions in some patients. This study examines three cases of exacerbation of OLP during the treatment of chronic hepatitis C with pegylated IFN and ribavirin.