RESUMO
Mortality after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) decreased from 25% to 1-3% in the last decade. However, the number of early postoperative complications varies from 29.5% to 70%. Therefore, there is a need in new methods of perioperative management of patients after PD to improve the immediate results. To analyze the effectiveness of perioperative treatment regimens, a prospective retrospective study of the results of 78 patients after PD with diseases of the head of the pancreas and the periampular zone for the period from 2003 to 2017 was conducted. For comparative analysis, the patients were divided into 2 groups: group I included 39 patients for the period from January 2015 to December 2017, the perioperative treatment of which was carried out in accordance with the enhanced recovery program, group II -39 patients from January 2003 to December 2014, which were conducted according to the traditional method. We studied the time of the restoration of oral nutrition, postoperative complications, the length of hospital stay (LoS).There were no mortality in groups. The overall incidence of Clavien-Dindo complications in I group was less than in II (10 (25.6%) vs. 18 (46.1%), p = 0.029). In I group, the incidence of delayed gastric emptying (DGE) was lower compared to II (15.4% (6 patients) versus 35.9% (14 patients), p=0.009). Pancreatic fistula (PF) in I and II groups did not differ significantly - 10.2% (4 patients) and 12.8% (5 patients), respectively (p=0.36). The incidence of surgical wound infections in I group was reduced in comparison with II (5.1% (2 patients) versus 17.9% (7 patients), (p=0.031).The LoS in I group was significantly less compared with II (14 days 95% CI: [13, 17] vs. 18 days 95% CI: [16, 18], p=0.012). The results of the ERAS program after PD shows the reducing number of postoperative complications and LoS, demonstrating the feasibility in clinical practice.
