Vanadium-doped Ni microspheres loaded with phosphatization of NiMoO4 contributing to enhanced electron transfer for stable overall water splitting.

At present, there are few reports on the micron-sized catalysts for overall water splitting. In this study, phosphating method were used to construct the self-supporting catalyst (V doped Ni microspheres coated by NiMoO4/Ni12P5) with microspherical structure, providing a short path and a stable structure to guarantee quick electron transfer and excellent catalytic performance. Hence, oxygen evolution reaction (OER) only needs 254 mV to reach a current density of 50 mA cm-2 in 1.0 mol/L KOH, after 114 h without attenuation. The catalyst can achieve a current densitiy of 10 mA cm-2 with a voltage of only 158 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). When micron scale V-Ni@NiMoO4/Ni12P5 is used as both anode and cathode for overall water splitting, the device can operate at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 for more than 200 h of good stability. Its superior catalytic performance can be attributed to the construction of micron size and phosphating. DFT calculations indicate that the introduction of P better activates the adsorbed *OH and H2O*, reduces reaction the energy barrier, and improves the catalytic activity.

Dramatically comprehensive improved electrochemical performances of symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors under external magnetic field.

Recently, magnetic field (MF) has been described as a potential way to improve the properties of electrode materials, which significantly enhances the ion diffusion behavior and material wettability. We first synthezised for the first time a comparable carbon-based electrode material (GCA) including active carbon, reduced graphene and carbon nanotubes through a facile stirring method for further research under MF. Herein, 0.15 T of MF induced by two NdFeB magnets was applied on the supercapacitor devices to enhance the energy density, which increased by about 62% for the symmetric supercapacitor (SSC: from 11.2 to 18.1 W h kg-1). An asymmetric supercapacitor composed of the prepared GCA as the anode and NiCoFe/NiCoFe-OH as the cathode was also assembled for research. And it was found that the whole electrochemical performance significantly improved (for example, energy density increased by about 22% for the asymmetric supercapacitor, i.e., from 50.6 to 61.4 W h kg-1).

Characterization and phylogenetic relationships analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of Capsicum annuum (Solanaceae).

Capsicum annuum is one of the oldest domesticated crops in the Americas, which is also the most widely grown spice crop in the world. The complete chloroplast genome of C. annuum has been assembled and annotated in this paper. Its length was 156,781 bp, containing a large single-copy region of 87,367 bp, a small single-copy region of 17,850 bp, and a pair of IR regions of 25,782 bp in each. The whole chloroplast genome of C. annuum contains 135 genes, including 89 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 38 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and 8 ribosome RNA genes (rRNAs). The overall nucleotide composition is: A of 30.8%, T of 31.5%, C of 19.1% and G of 18.6%, with a total GC content of the chloroplast genome 37.7% and AT of 62.3%. Phylogenetic relationship analysis was based on 10 plant species using the maximum-likelihood (ML) methods, which showed that the position of C. annuum clustered with C. galapagoense.