Assuntos
Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Fatores Etários , Pressão Sanguínea , Dor no Peito/complicações , Colesterol/sangue , Complicações do Diabetes , Dispneia/complicações , Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Infarto do Miocárdio/etiologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/prevenção & controle , Obesidade/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos , TelefoneAssuntos
Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Pressão Sanguínea , Dor no Peito/etiologia , Colesterol/sangue , Tontura/etiologia , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Infarto do Miocárdio/genética , Náusea/etiologia , Obesidade , Fatores de Risco , Fumar , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Personal risk perceptions of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) affect people's preventive health behaviors as well as their beliefs during a heart attack episode. The authors investigated factors that are associated with personal risk perceptions of having an AMI. A random-digit-dial survey was conducted among 1294 respondents, aged 18 years or older, in 20 communities across the nation as part of the Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment (REACT) trial. Results of two mixed-model linear regression analyses suggested that worse perceived general health, more risk factors, and greater knowledge were associated with greater perception of AMI risk. The results also showed that women who answered, incorrectly, that heart disease is not the most common cause of death for women in the United States reported significantly lower risk perceptions than women who answered this question correctly. The findings in this study suggest that interventions need to target specific misconceptions regarding AMI risk.
Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Saúde , Educação em Saúde , Infarto do Miocárdio/prevenção & controle , Prevenção Primária/métodos , Autoavaliação (Psicologia) , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Atitude Frente a Saúde/etnologia , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/etnologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/psicologia , Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The most common reason for delay in treatment of an AMI is the patient's failure to seek care promptly. Individuals diagnosed with CHD, including those who have experienced an AMI, are considered to be at high risk for an AMI. These patients have the same or greater delay times as individuals without prior AMI or CHD. Pharmacists interact with these high-risk individuals and their families frequently in person or by telephone. During these interventions, they have the opportunity, through education and counseling, to improve their patients' understanding of early symptoms of AMI and the need for and benefits of prompt evaluation and treatment. Hearing this message from their pharmacist and from other health care providers in other settings will hopefully lead the high-risk individual to seek care promptly when needed. Successfully conveying this message could effectively reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with CHD.
Assuntos
Aconselhamento , Infarto do Miocárdio/terapia , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Assistência Farmacêutica , Humanos , Farmacêuticos , Relações Profissional-PacienteRESUMO
Although there have been tremendous strides in therapies for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), patients still do not receive these treatments in a timely manner, or sometimes not at all. One major reason is inadvertent delays by patients and by those with whom they consult about their symptoms. One of the National Heart Attack Alert Program's (NHAAP) goals is to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with AMI through the rapid identification and treatment of at-risk individuals. Medical-surgical nurses can play a crucial role in ensuring that patients and their family members know how to recognize the signs and symptoms of a heart attack, what steps to take to get early and appropriate evaluation and treatment, and the potentially lifesaving benefits of this information.