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1.
Structure ; 17(2): 303-13, 2009 Feb 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19217401

RESUMO

The crystal structures of two homologous endopeptidases from cyanobacteria Anabaena variabilis and Nostoc punctiforme were determined at 1.05 and 1.60 A resolution, respectively, and contain a bacterial SH3-like domain (SH3b) and a ubiquitous cell-wall-associated NlpC/P60 (or CHAP) cysteine peptidase domain. The NlpC/P60 domain is a primitive, papain-like peptidase in the CA clan of cysteine peptidases with a Cys126/His176/His188 catalytic triad and a conserved catalytic core. We deduced from structure and sequence analysis, and then experimentally, that these two proteins act as gamma-D-glutamyl-L-diamino acid endopeptidases (EC 3.4.22.-). The active site is located near the interface between the SH3b and NlpC/P60 domains, where the SH3b domain may help define substrate specificity, instead of functioning as a targeting domain, so that only muropeptides with an N-terminal L-alanine can bind to the active site.


Assuntos
Endopeptidases/química , Endopeptidases/metabolismo , Peptidoglicano/química , Peptidoglicano/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Anabaena variabilis/química , Anabaena variabilis/enzimologia , Domínio Catalítico , Cisteína Endopeptidases/química , Cisteína Endopeptidases/metabolismo , Cisteína Endopeptidases/fisiologia , Endopeptidases/fisiologia , Modelos Biológicos , Modelos Moleculares , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Nostoc/química , Nostoc/enzimologia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/química , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/metabolismo , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Especificidade por Substrato , Domínios de Homologia de src
7.
Proteins ; 65(3): 777-82, 2006 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16948158
8.
Proteins ; 65(3): 527-37, 2006 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16988933

RESUMO

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) comprise a diverse superfamily of enzymes found in organisms from all kingdoms of life. GSTs are involved in diverse processes, notably small-molecule biosynthesis or detoxification, and are frequently also used in protein engineering studies or as biotechnology tools. Here, we report the high-resolution X-ray structure of Atu5508 from the pathogenic soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens (atGST1). Through use of comparative sequence and structural analysis of the GST superfamily, we identified local sequence and structural signatures, which allowed us to distinguish between different GST classes. This approach enables GST classification based on structure, without requiring additional biochemical or immunological data. Consequently, analysis of the atGST1 crystal structure suggests a new GST class, distinct from previously characterized GSTs, which would make it an attractive target for further biochemical studies.


Assuntos
Agrobacterium tumefaciens/enzimologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Glutationa Transferase/química , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/química , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/citologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Proteínas de Bactérias/classificação , Cristalografia por Raios X , Dimerização , Glutationa Transferase/classificação , Modelos Moleculares , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Estrutura Secundária de Proteína
13.
Proteins ; 63(4): 1112-8, 2006 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16544291
17.
J Struct Funct Genomics ; 6(2-3): 135-41, 2005.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16211510

RESUMO

The production of large numbers of highly purified proteins for X-ray crystallography is a significant bottleneck in structural genomics. At the Joint Center for Structural Genomics (JCSG; http://www.jcsg.org), specific automated protein expression, purification, and analytical methods are being utilized to study the proteome of Thermotoga maritima. Anion exchange and size exclusion chromatography (SEC), intended for the production of highly purified proteins, have been automated and the procedures are described here in detail. Analytical SEC has been included as a standard quality control test. A biological unit (BU) is the macromolecule that has been proven or is presumed to be functional. Correct assignment of BUs from protein structures can be difficult. BU predictions obtained via the Protein Quaternary Structure file server (PQS; http://pqs.ebi.ac.uk/) were compared to SEC data for 16 representative T. maritima proteins whose structures were solved at the JCSG, revealing an inconsistency in five cases. Herein, we report that SEC can be used to validate or disprove PQS-derived oligomeric models. A substantial amount of associated SEC and structural data should enable us to use certain PQS parameters to gauge the accuracy of these computational models and to generally improve their predictions.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Proteínas de Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Cristalografia por Raios X/métodos , Proteômica/métodos , Thermotoga maritima/genética , Cromatografia em Gel/métodos , Biologia Computacional/instrumentação , Conformação Proteica
18.
Bioorg Med Chem Lett ; 15(24): 5467-73, 2005 Dec 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16199156

RESUMO

A homogenous TR-FRET-based in vitro coupling assay for the MAP3Ks-MEK1-ERK2 kinase cascade was established and was used to screen for inhibitors of the ERK/MAPK pathway. A series of coumarin derivatives were identified from the screen. These compounds potently inhibit the activation of the unactivated human MEK1 by upstream MAP3Ks (including BRAF and COT), but do not inhibit the activity of the activated MEK1. In addition, the potency of these compounds in inhibiting MEK1 activation is not affected by varying the ATP concentration, suggesting that these inhibitors are not competitive with ATP. As expected, the coumarin compounds potently inhibit LPS-induced TNFalpha production and ERK phosphorylation in THP-1 cells, with the most potent compound having an IC(50) of 90nM. Molecular modeling studies suggest that these coumarins bind to an allosteric site in the inactive conformation of MEK1. This site has been shown to be utilized by the biarylamine series of MEK inhibitors such as PD318088. Very interestingly, the identified coumarin derivatives are almost identical to a series of inhibitors recently reported that block LPS-induced TNFalpha production. Our findings have therefore raised the possibility that other naturally occurring or synthetic coumarins with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities might exert their biological function through the inhibition of MEK1.


Assuntos
Cumarínicos/farmacologia , MAP Quinase Quinase 1/antagonistas & inibidores , Regulação Alostérica , Sítios de Ligação , Inibidores Enzimáticos/síntese química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , MAP Quinases Reguladas por Sinal Extracelular/antagonistas & inibidores , Humanos , Cinética , MAP Quinase Quinase 1/química , Modelos Moleculares , Fosfopeptídeos/metabolismo , Fosforilação , Conformação Proteica
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