Study on the adsorption of phosphate by composite biochar of phosphogypsum and rape straw.

Wastewater containing phosphorus is often added by industrial activities, which is bad for the environment. In this study, composite biochar (PG-RS700) was prepared from phosphogypsum (PG) and rape straw (RS) for the treatment of phosphate in wastewater. SEM, FTIR, XRD and XPS characterization results showed that PG and RS were successfully combined. When PG-RS700 was dosed at 1.5 g/L and the phosphate solution concentration was 50 mg/L and pH = 8, the phosphate removal rate was 100% and the adsorption capacity was three times higher than the corresponding pure PG and RS. The quasi-secondary kinetic model indicated that the adsorption mechanism was chemisorption, and the maximum adsorption capacity for phosphate in the Langmuir isotherm model was 102.25 mg/g. Through pot experiment, the phosphorus adsorbed material obviously promoted the growth of plants. PG-RS700 can be used as a powerful adsorbent to treat phosphate in water and return it to soil as phosphate fertilizer.

Isolation and identification, genome-wide analysis and pathogenicity study of a novel PRRSV-1 in southern China.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has caused severe economic losses to the global swine industry. In recent years, the incidence of PRRSV-1 has been gradually increasing in China, but there are still few studies on it. In this study, clinical samples for PRRS virus isolation were collected from a pig farm in South China in 2022. We effectively isolated a strain of PRRSV utilizing PAM cells and demonstrated its consistent transmission capability on Marc-145 cells. The isolated strain was confirmed as PRRSV-1 by RT-qPCR, IFA, electron microscopy, etiolated spot purification and whole genome sequencing, the strain was named GD2022. The length of GD2022 genome is 15058nt; Based on the genome-wide genetic evolutionary analysis of GD2022, the strain was classified as PRRSV-1. Further genetic evolutionary analysis of its ORF5 gene showed that GD2022 belonged to PRRSV-1 subtype 1 and formed an independent branch in the evolutionary tree. Compared with the sequence of the classical PRRSV-1 strain (LV strain), GD2022 has several amino acid site mutations in the antigenic region from GP3 to GP5, these mutations are different from those of other PRRSV-1 strains in China. Recombination analysis showed no recombination events with GD2022. In addition, piglets infected with GD2022 displayed clinical respiratory symptoms and typical pathological changes. In this study, a strain of the PRRSV-1 virus was isolated using both PAM cells and Marc-145 and proved to be pathogenic to piglets, providing an important reference for the identification, prevention, and control of PRRSV-1.

Immune status and combined immunotherapy progression in Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS)-mutant tumors.

Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) is the most frequently mutated oncogene, occurring in various tumor types. Despite extensive efforts over the past 40 years to develop inhibitors targeting KRAS mutations, resistance to these inhibitors has eventually emerged. A more precise understanding of KRAS mutations and the mechanism of resistance development is essential for creating novel inhibitors that target specifically KRAS mutations and can delay or overcome resistance. Immunotherapy has developed rapidly in recent years, and in-depth dissection of the tumor immune microenvironment has led researchers to shift their focus to patients with KRAS mutations, finding that immune factors play an essential role in KRAS-mutant (KRAS-Mut) tumor therapy and targeted drug resistance. Breakthroughs and transitions from targeted therapy to immunotherapy have provided new hope for treating refractory patients. Here, we reviewed KRAS mutation-targeted treatment strategies and resistance issues, focusing on our in-depth exploration of the specific immune status of patients with KRAS mutations and the impact of body immunity following KRAS inhibition. We aimed to guide innovative approaches combining RAS inhibition with immunotherapy, review advances in preclinical and clinical stages, and discuss challenges and future directions.

Virucidal effects of eucalyptus essential oil on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

Currently, the efficacy of vaccination for preventing and controlling PRRSV is insufficient. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel effective preventive strategies. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral effect of Eucalyptus essential oil (EEO) against PRRSV in vitro. Marc-145 cells were infected with PRRSV (rJXA1-R), and the toxicity of EEO in the cells was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 method. Additionally, the antiviral effect of EEO on PRRSV-infected cells was assessed using three treatment methods: drug administration post-PRRSV inoculation (post-treatment), drug administration before PRRSV inoculation (pre-treatment), and simultaneous drug administration and PRRSV inoculation (co-treatment). The EEO could not inhibit virus adsorption and/or replication since post-treatment and pre-treatment did not prevent viral infectivity. However, EEO exerted a significant virucidal effect on PRRSV. When PRRSV-infected cells were treated with 0.0156, 0.0312, and 0.0625% EEO, the cell survival rates were 55.37, 118.96, and 121.67%, respectively, and the titer of progeny virions decreased from 5.77 Log10TCID50 to 5.21 Log10TCID50, 0.55 Log10TCID50, and less than 0.167 Log10TCID50, respectively (where TCID50 is the 50% tissue culture infected dose). The fluorescence intensity of the PRRSV N protein significantly decreased in the indirect immunofluorescence assay. When cells were co-treated with EEO (0.0625%) and PRRSV (1000 TCID50) for 15 min, the viral particles were inactivated, and PRRSV (1000 TCID50) particles loss infectivity when the co-treatment time reached 60 min. In a word, EEO has no obvious therapeutic effect on PRRSV infection, but it can effectively inactivate virus particles and make them lose the ability to infect cells. These findings provide insights for the development and use of EEO to treat PRRS.

ADAR1 Promotes Invasion and Migration and Inhibits Ferroptosis via the FAK/AKT Pathway in Colorectal Cancer.

The role of adenosine deaminase acting on RNA1 (ADAR1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) is poorly understood. This study investigated the roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of ADAR1 and its isoforms, explored the correlations between ADAR1 expression and the immune microenvironment and anticancer drug sensitivity, and examined the potential synergy of using ADAR1 expression and clinical parameters to determine the prognosis of CRC patients. CRC samples showed significant upregulation of ADAR1, and high ADAR1 expression was correlated with poor prognosis. Silencing ADAR1 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of CRC cells and induced ferroptosis by suppressing FAK/AKT activation, and the results of rescue assays were consistent with these mechanisms. Both ADAR1-p110 and ADAR1-p150 were demonstrated to regulate the FAK/AKT pathway, with ADAR1-p110 playing a particularly substantial role. In evaluating the prognosis of CRC patients, combining ADAR1 expression with clinical parameters produced a substantial synergistic effect. The in vivo tumorigenesis of CRC was significantly inhibited by silencing ADAR1. Furthermore, ADAR1 expression was positively correlated with tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite status (p < 0.05), indicating that ADAR1 plays a complex role in CRC immunotherapy. In conclusion, ADAR1 plays oncogenic roles in CRC both in vitro and in vivo, potentially by inhibiting ferroptosis via downregulation of the FAK/AKT pathway. Thus, ADAR1 serves as a potential prognostic biomarker and a promising target for CRC therapy.

Research progress of migrasomes: from genesis to formation, physiology to pathology.

Migrasomes are recently identified organelles that form at the ends or forks of retraction fibers (RFs) behind migrating cells and are expelled from the cell through cell migration. Migrasomes contain signaling molecules which are captured by surrounding cells along with migrasomes or released into the extracellular environment following the rupture of the migrasomes. Finally, through the action of these signaling molecules, migrasomes facilitate the entire process of information conveyance. In addition, migrasomes also serves as a "scavenger" by removing damaged mitochondria from the cell to ensure cellular viability. Thus, migrasomes play a pivotal role in the integration of temporal, spatial, specific chemical information and the clearance of cellular harmful substances, critical for grasping migrasomes' functions. This review delves into the latest advancements in migrasomes research, covering aspects such as migrasomes' discovery, distribution, structure and characteristics, genesis and regulation mechanisms, and their correlation with diseases. Additionally, we scrutinize the present investigational findings on migrasomes within the cancer domain, examining their potential impact on cancer and prospective research avenues.

Application of Three-Dimensional Printing Technology in the Perioperative Management of Cardiac Tumours: A Review and Analysis.

Background: Multimodal imaging plays a crucial role in evaluating suspected cardiac tumours. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has continued to advance such that image-based 3D-printed models have been incorporated into the auxiliary diagnosis and treatment of cardiac tumour diseases. The purpose of this review is to analyze the existing literature on the application of 3D printing in cardiac tumour surgery to examine the current status of the application of this technology. Methods: By searching PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and Google Scholar, as well as other resource databases, a completed review of the available literature was performed. Effect sizes from published studies were investigated, and results are presented concerning the use of 3D surgical planning in the management of cardiac tumours. Results: According to the reviewed literature, our study comes to the point that 3D printing is a valuable technique for planning surgery for cardiac tumours. As shown in the review report, Mucinous and sarcomatous tumours are the most commonly used tumours for 3D printing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are the most commonly used technologies for preparing 3D printing models, the main printing technology is stereolithography, and the most used 3D modeling software is Mimics. The printing time and cost required for 3D printing are affected by factors such as the size of the type, complexity, the printed material and the 3D printing technology used. The reported research shows that 3D printing can understand the anatomy of complex tumour cases, virtual surgical simulation, as well as facilitate doctor-patient communication and clinical teaching. Conclusions: These results show that the development of 3D printing technology has brought more accurate and safe perioperative treatment options for patients with cardiac tumours. Therefore, 3D printing technology is expected to become a routine clinical diagnosis and treatment tool for cardiac tumours.

Comparative proteomics reveals that fatty acid metabolism is involved in myocardial adaptation to chronic hypoxic injury.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most serious form of heart disease, and chronic hypoxia is the basic physiological process underlying CHD. Some patients with CHD do not undergo surgery, and thus, they remain susceptible to chronic hypoxia, suggesting that some protective mechanism might exist in CHD patients. However, the mechanism underlying myocardial adaptation to chronic hypoxia remains unclear. Proteomics was used to identify the differentially expressed proteins in cardiomyocytes cultured under hypoxia for different durations. Western blotting assays were used to verify protein expression. A Real-Time Cell Analyzer (RTCA) was used to analyze cell growth. In this study, 3881 proteins were identified by proteomics. Subsequent bioinformatics analysis revealed that proteins were enriched in regulating oxidoreductase activity. Functional similarity cluster analyses showed that chronic hypoxia resulted in proteins enrichment in the mitochondrial metabolic pathway. Further KEGG analyses found that the proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism, the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation were markedly upregulated. Moreover, knockdown of CPT1A or ECI1, which is critical for fatty acid degradation, suppressed the growth of cardiomyocytes under chronic hypoxia. The results of our study revealed that chronic hypoxia activates fatty acid metabolism to maintain the growth of cardiomyocytes.

Exploration of surface tension measurement methods for pharmaceutical excipients.

Surface tension is a crucial functional indicator for various classes of pharmaceutical excipients, as highlighted in both the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (ChP) < 9601 Guidelines for Functionality-related Characteristics of Pharmaceutical Excipients > and the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) < 1059 Excipient Performance >. However, there are few systematic studies on surface tension measurement of pharmaceutical excipients, resulting in a lack of stable parameter support in practical applications. In this study, we aim to fill this gap by exploring three different methods for measuring surface tension. These methods were carefully developed taking into account the actual measurement process and statistical theory, thus ensuring their applicability and reliability. Through comparative analyses, we have identified the most suitable measurement methods for different classes of pharmaceutical excipients. In addition, this paper describes the surface adsorption behavior of various excipients. Therefore, this study provides valuable guidance for the determination of surface tension and the study of surface adsorption behavior, which lays the foundation for further comprehensive research in the field of surface tension of pharmaceutical excipients and the improvement of general pharmacopoeia specification.

Compositing effects for high thermoelectric performance of Cu2Se-based materials.

Thermoelectric materials can realize direct conversion between heat and electricity, showing excellent potential for waste heat recovery. Cu2Se is a typical superionic conductor thermoelectric material having extraordinary ZT values, but its superionic feature causes poor service stability and low mobility. Here, we reported a fast preparation method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis to realize in situ compositing of BiCuSeO and Cu2Se to optimize the service stability. Additionally, using the interface design by introducing graphene in these composites, the carrier mobility could be obviously enhanced, and the strong phonon scatterings could lead to lower lattice thermal conductivity. Ultimately, the Cu2Se-BiCuSeO-graphene composites presented excellent thermoelectric properties with a ZTmax value of ~2.82 at 1000 K and a ZTave value of ~1.73 from 473 K to 1000 K. This work provides a facile and effective strategy to largely improve the performance of Cu2Se-based thermoelectric materials, which could be further adopted in other thermoelectric systems.

LINC01123 acts as an oncogenic driver in lung adenocarcinoma by regulating the miR-4766-5p/PYCR1 axis.

BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma remains one of the most significant threats to human life as it involves multiple etiologies, including alteration of oncogenes or tumor-inhibitory genes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to have both cancer promoting and cancer inhibiting effects. In this work, we investigated the function and mechanism of lncRNA LINC01123 in lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: The expression of LINC01123, miR-4766-5p, and PYCR1 (pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1) mRNA was analyzed by RT-qPCR. The protein expression levels of PYCR1 and the apoptosis-related proteins (Bax and Bcl-2) were determined by western blotting. Cell proliferation and migration were determined by CCK-8 and wound-healing assays, respectively. Tumor growth in nude mice and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining were used to determine the in vivo role of LINC01123. The putative binding relationships miR-4766-5p has with LINC01123 and PYCR1, which had been identified by analysis of public databases, were validated through RIP and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS: LINC01123 and PYCR1 overexpression and miR-4766-5p downregulation were shown to occur in lung adenocarcinoma samples. LINC01123 depletion repressed lung adenocarcinoma cell growth and migration and blocked the development of solid tumors in an animal model. Moreover, LINC01123 bound directly to miR-4766-5p, the downregulation of which attenuated the anticancer effects of LINC01123 depletion in lung adenocarcinoma cells. MiR-4766-5p directly targeted downstream PYCR1 to suppress PYCR1 expression. The repressive effects of PYCR1 knockdown on the migration and proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells were also partly abolished by miR-4766-5p downregulation. CONCLUSION: Downregulation of LINC01123 represses lung adenocarcinoma progression. This suggests that LINC01123 functions as an oncogenic driver in lung adenocarcinoma by controlling the miR-4766-5p/PYCR1 axis.

Trading-Off Transit and Non-Transit Physical Activity among Older People: Evidence from Longitudinal Accelerometer Data of a Natural Experiment Study.

This study used a natural experiment of a new metro line in Hong Kong to examine trade-offs between transit-related and non-transit-related physical activity (PA) among 104 older people (aged ≥ 65 years) based on longitudinal accelerometer data that distinguished transit-related and non-transit-related PA. Difference-in-difference (DID) analysis compared PA changes between treatment and control groups. We found that new metro stations have trade-off effects between transit and non-transit PA. After opening metro stations, transit-related PA increased by 12 min per day on average, but non-transit-related PA decreased by 18 min per day. In addition, the proportion of time spent in transit-related PA increased by 6%. The results suggested that new metro stations could generate transit-related PA, but it might shift from non-transit-related PA among older people. Our findings revealed trade-off effects of public transit interventions and have significant implications for transport and healthy ageing studies.

LncRNA BBOX1-AS1 Contributes to the Progression of Esophageal Carcinoma by Targeting the miR-361-3p/COL5A1 Axis.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to participate in the progression of several cancers, including esophageal carcinoma (EC), a common malignancy of the digestive system. Although the role of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network is crucial for the growth and progression of EC, the regulation of lncRNA BBOX1-AS1 (BBOX1 antisense RNA1) remains unclear. We performed reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting to evaluate miR-361-3p, collagen type V alpha 1 chain (COL5A1), and BBOX1-AS1 expression levels in EC cells and tissues. The colony formation assay (CFA) and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) were employed to identify EC cell proliferation, while western blotting was used to examine EC cell apoptosis and Bax and Bcl-2 expression levels. The effect of BBOX1-AS1 on EC proliferation was determined using an in vivo carcinogenesis assay. Correlation between COL5A1, BBOX1-AS1, and miR-361-3p was examined using the luciferase reporter system and RNA immunoprecipitation assay (RIP). Herein, we observed that BBOX1-AS1 expression levels were upregulated in EC cells and tissues. BBOX1-AS1 knockdown inhibited EC cell proliferation and conferred a pro-apoptotic effect. These results indicated a positive interaction between BBOX1-AS1 and miR-361-3p in EC and a negative association with miR-361-3p. COL5A1 was recognized as a downstream miR-361-3p target and was inversely related to miR-361-3p in EC. Therefore, BBOX1-AS1 expression suppressed cell apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation via the downregulation of miR-361-3p and upregulation of COL5A1 expression. Overall, BBOX1-AS1 facilitates EC progression via the miR-361-3p or COL5A1 axis, indicating that BBOX1-AS1 might be a potential therapeutic target for EC therapy.

Pregabalin supplementation for the pain relief of septorhinoplasty: a meta-analysis study.

BACKGROUND: Pregabalin supplementation may have some potential in improving pain relief in patients with septorhinoplasty, and this meta-analysis aims to explore the impact of pregabalin supplementation on pain control for septorhinoplasty. METHODS: PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO and Cochrane library databases were systematically searched, and we included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of pregabalin supplementation on pain control for septorhinoplasty. RESULTS: Six RCTs were finally included in the meta-analysis. Overall, when compared with control intervention for septorhinoplasty, pregabalin intervention showed significantly reduced pain scores at 1 h (SMD - 1.05; 95% CI - 1.85 to - 0.24; P = 0.01), 2 h (SMD - 1.01; 95% CI - 1.83 to - 0.20; P = 0.02), 6 h (SMD - 1.00; 95% CI - 1.47 to - 0.54; P < 0.0001) and 12 h (SMD - 0.69; 95% CI - 1.35 to - 0.02; P = 0.04), as well as rescue analgesics (OR 0.17; 95% CI 0.07 to 0.44; P = 0.0002), but had no notable influence on nausea and vomiting (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.30 to 1.46; P = 0.31), or drowsiness (OR 1.22; 95% CI 0.64 to 2.35; P = 0.54). CONCLUSIONS: Pregabalin supplementation benefits to pain control after septorhinoplasty.

Development of a multiplex RT-PCR method for the detection of four porcine enteric coronaviruses.

Porcine enteric coronaviruses are pathogens that cause viral diarrhea in pigs and are widely prevalent worldwide. Moreover, studies have shown that some porcine enteric coronaviruses can infect humans and poultry. In order to effectively monitor these viruses, it is necessary to establish a multiple detection method to understand their prevalence and conduct in-depth research. Common porcine enteric coronaviruses include Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), Porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV), and Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV). Pigs infected with these viruses have the common clinical symptoms that are difficult to distinguish. A quadruplex RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) method for the simultaneous detection of PEDV, PDCoV, TGEV and SADS-CoV was developed. Four pairs of specific primers were designed for the PEDV M gene, PDCoV N gene, TGEV S gene and SADS-CoV RdRp gene. Multiplex RT-PCR results showed that the target fragments of PDCoV, SADS-CoV, PEDV and TGEV could be amplified by this method. and the specific fragments with sizes of 250 bp, 368 bp, 616 bp and 801 bp were amplified, respectively. This method cannot amplify any fragment of nucleic acids of Seneca Valley virus (SVV), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and Atypical Porcine Pestivirus (APPV), and has good specificity. The lowest detection limits of PDCoV, PEDV, TGEV and SADS-CoV were 5.66 × 105 copies/µL, 6.48 × 105 copies/µL, 8.54 × 105 copies/µL and 7.79 × 106 copies/µL, respectively. A total of 94 samples were collected from pig farms were analyzed using this method. There were 15 positive samples for PEDV, 3 positive samples for mixed infection of PEDV and PDCoV, 2 positive samples for mixed infection of PEDV and TGEV, and 1 positive sample for mixed infection of PEDV, TGEV, and PDCoV. Multiplex RT-PCR method could detect four intestinal coronaviruses (PEDV, PDCoV, TGEV, and SADS-CoV) in pigs efficiently, cheaply and accurately, which can be used for clinical large-scale epidemiological investigation and diagnosis.

The effects of metro interventions on physical activity and walking among older adults: A natural experiment in Hong Kong.

This paper provides causal inference on how transport intervention affects moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and walking among older adults using a natural experiment of a new metro line in Hong Kong. A longitudinal survey of 449 cohort participants was collected before and after the metro operation. Treatment groups live within a 400m walking buffer of the new metro stations, while control groups are located around comparable stations on existing metro lines. These metro lines were planned at the same time using similar principles, but the intervention line was built later due to different financial models. Our difference-in-difference (DID) models found that the new metro line significantly decreased older adults' weekly MVPA (-129.33 min, p < 0.05) in treatment groups, while the effect on change in walking time did not significantly differ between the treatment and control groups. We also found heterogeneous treatment effects among gender and age subgroups. Furthermore, our time effect tests suggested that older adults' physical activity and walking levels may stabilise, based on participants living around a metro station operated four years ago with another comparable station operated three decades ago. This practice-based evidence suggests that new metro developments might not promote physical activity and walking levels among older adults in the high-density city of Hong Kong.

Dietary Stevia Residue Extract Supplementation Improves Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Microbial Composition of Weaned Piglets.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of diet supplementation with stevia residue extract (SRE) on growth performance, intestinal health, and antioxidant capacity of weaned piglets. A total of 144 weaned piglets (body weight 6.8 ± 0.5 kg) were randomly selected and allocated into four treatment groups with six replicates of six pigs/pen. The treatments consisted of a basal diet without SRE or basal diet supplemented with 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg SRE. The results showed that the addition of 200 mg/kg SRE to the diet significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the diarrhea rate of piglets compared with the control group. The supplementation of 400 mg/kg SRE in the diet significantly reduced the piglets' serum MDA content and significantly increased (p < 0.05) the T-AOC, T-SOD, and GSH-PX activity in the serum. The dietary supplementation with 400 mg/kg SRE significantly increased (p < 0.05) the CAT and GSH-PX activity in the liver. Moreover, the supplementation of 400 mg/kg SRE in the diet significantly increased (p < 0.05) the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae (genus) and Roseburia (genus) beneficial bacteria compared to the control group. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that Prevotella (genus) abundance was positively correlated with liver GSH-PX activity and acetic acid content of colon contents. In conclusion, the supplementation of 400 mg/kg SRE to the diet can improve piglet health by regulating antioxidant reduction homeostasis, which may also be associated with an increase in the relative numbers of potentially beneficial bacteria.

The Effect of miR-505-5p on Inhibition of Serum Uromodulin Ameliorates Myocardial Inflammation and Apoptosis Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion.

Background: It has been found that miR-505-5p is closely related to cardiovascular metabolic risk factors. Nonetheless, there is little research analyzing miR-505-5p for its role as well as molecular mechanism in myocardial injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Methods: This work utilized quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) for detecting miR-505-5p and serum uromodulin (sUmod) levels. sUmod, interleukin-1beta (IL-1ß), IL-6, IL-10, caspase7, caspase9, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Bax, and Bcl-xL expression was detected by western blot. Bioinformatics database was used for target prediction and miR-505-5's target was determined by luciferase reporter gene assay. Results: Relative to sham group, sUmod was highly expressed within myocardial I/R injury (MIRI), whereas sUmod silencing significantly decreased the heart weight/body weight ratio, reduced serum myocardial enzymes expression, ameliorated I/R-mediated myocardial apoptosis, and inflammation. TargetScan bioinformatics database and luciferase reporter genes confirmed that sUmod was miR-505-5p's direct target gene, besides, miR-505-5p overexpression significantly improved the myocardial injury score, increased IL-10, decreased TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6 expression, decreased caspase7, caspase9, Bax expression, and increased Bcl-xL expression. More importantly, overexpression of sUmod abolished miR-505-5p overexpression's role in I/R-mediated myocardial apoptosis and inflammation. Conclusion: miR-505-5p can improve I/R-mediated myocardial apoptosis and inflammation by targeting sUmod. In this study, miR-505-5p is related to MIRI pathogenesis, which provides the new possible targeted therapy in patients with MIRI.

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of Crooke's cell adenomas in 101 patients with T-PIT-positive pituitary adenomas: Case series and literature review.

Purpose: We aimed to perform a retrospective analysis of a rare subtype of corticotroph adenoma, Crooke's cell adenoma, to better understand its clinical features. Methods: We collected T-PIT-positive pituitary adenomas and screened Crooke's cell adenomas from January 2020 to December 2021 in our center. Case reports of such tumors were also collected through a literature search. Clinical data such as biochemical tests, imaging examinations, and pathological data of the above cases were analyzed. Results: A total of 101 T-PIT-positive patients were treated in our center in the last 2 years, and 4 were finally pathologically diagnosed with Crooke's cell adenomas. All of these patients were male with elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone levels, and 50.0% presented with hypercortisolemia, Cushing's syndrome, visual impairment, and headache. The tumor diameter was significantly larger in these 4 patients (37.0 mm) than in the other patients (26.0 mm), and their tumor invasive behavior was more pronounced. Cases reported in the literature were mainly female (72.8%), and the clinical presentation was also dominated by Cushing's syndrome (65.1%) and hormonal dysfunction. Tumors were more common as macroadenomas (33.2 mm) and suprasellar growths (63.8%). The tumor recurrence rate was as high as 55.6%, with 6 cases progressing to pituitary carcinomas and 7.7% of tumor-related deaths. Our further integrated analysis of our center and reported cases revealed that gender, Cushing's syndrome, visual dysfunction, hormonal disorders, and tumor growth characteristics were statistically different in different tumor categories. Conclusion: Crooke's cell adenoma is a tumor subtype with obvious clinical aggressive behavior, and an in-depth analysis of its clinical characteristics may assist in developing a comprehensive treatment plan.