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A 53-year-old man with chronic dyspnea and bilateral pleural effusion was subsequently diagnosed with idiopathic chylothorax. Lymphatic scintigraphy confirmed lymphatic fluid leakage at the left venous angle, prompting management with lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA). Although the left pleural effusion was controlled, the right pleural effusion continued to increase, resulting in bilateral leg lymphedema that was refractory to LVA. Approximately three years and three months after the presentation, the patient succumbed to CO2 narcosis and renal failure. It is crucial to study additional cases in order to uncover new causes and develop pathology-based treatments for this condition.
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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a condition caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although several papers have reported the presence bradycardia in patients with COVID-19, the pathophysiology behind this remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the presence of bradycardia in patients with COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in a total of 153 patients with COVID-19 and 90 patients with influenza who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 and from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2021, respectively. Data were collected from patient medical records, which included sex, age, duration of hospitalization, pneumonia complications, supplemental oxygen therapy, antiviral treatment, past history, and vital signs. Results: After adjustment, the incidence of bradycardia and steroid use in patients with COVID-19 were significantly higher than those in patients with influenza (P=0.007 and P<0.001, respectively). We then compared the detailed characteristics of patients with COVID-19 to evaluate risk factors for bradycardia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that steroid use was significantly related to bradycardia [P=0.031; odds ratio (OR): 3.67; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-11.96]. Overall, results showed a higher incidence of bradycardia in patients with COVID-19 who received steroid treatment. Conclusions: Our results showed that steroid treatment in patients with COVID-19 may be associated with the incidence of bradycardia.
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The prognosis of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has improved dramatically since the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Three second-generation TKIs, including bosutinib, are currently approved for treatment of CML, and show a faster and deeper clinical response than imatinib. Common adverse events (AEs) of bosutinib are diarrhea and hepatic toxicity; however, lung complications are rare. Here, we report two cases of bosutinib-induced severe lung injury, along with a literature review. The events of these cases occurred at early time points and severity was extremely high, requiring high-flow oxygen and steroid treatments. Compared to previously reported cases, the prevalence and severity of the damage may vary among different ethnicities. However, bosutinib-induced lung injury can cause life-threatening complications. In conclusion, patients treated with bosutinib should be monitored carefully to mitigate serious drug-induced lung injury.