Comparative Study on Laser Welding Thick-Walled TC4 Titanium Alloy with Flux-Cored Wire and Cable Wire.

In the welding process of thick-walled titanium alloys, the selection of the wire type is one of the critical factors affecting the welding quality. In this paper, flux-cored and cable wires were used as filler materials in the welding of thick-walled titanium alloys. The macrostructure, microstructure, texture, and grain size of both welded joints were compared by employing an optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the tensile and impact properties were also evaluated. The comparison result showed that the fusion zone microstructure of both welded joints was dominated by a basketweave structure composed of interwoven acicular α' martensite, whereas the microstructure of flux-cored wire welded joints was finer, and the degree of anisotropy was low. The strength of both welded joints was higher than that of the base metal, ensuring that fracture occurred in the base metal area during tension. The Charpy impact energy of the flux-cored wire welded joint was 16.7% higher than that of the cable wire welded joint, indicating that the welded joint obtained with the flux-cored wire performed better in the welding process of thick-walled titanium alloys.

The influence of benign essential blepharospasm on dry eye disease and ocular inflammation.

PURPOSE: To study the influence of blepharospasm on dry eye disease by analyzing the clinical features, tear cytokine, and treatment response of patients with dry eye disease accompanied by benign essential blepharospasm. DESIGN: Prospective case series study. METHODS: Forty adults with a diagnosis of benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) and dry eye disease (DED) were consecutively recruited. Forty subjects with dry eye disease only and 40 healthy adults were recruited as eligible controls. A tear specimen was collected from all participants for cytokine analysis. The patients with benign essential blepharospasm were treated with botulinum neurotoxin type A. The main outcome measures were the following: (1) Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire; (2) clinical features, including tear break-up time (BUT), Schirmer І test, and fluorescein staining; (3) conjunctival impression cytology; and (4) multiplex cytokine immunobead assay. RESULTS: The symptoms of DED + BEB patients were significantly different from those of DED controls and healthy controls. Cytokine analysis in tear fluid also showed that tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, IL-2, IL-17, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels were significantly increased in DED + BEB patients. In treatment, botulinum neurotoxin type A injection effectively relieved blepharospasm in all of the DED + BEB patients. Moreover, in this group of patients, OSDI decreased significantly after the botulinum neurotoxin type A injection, and BUT was increased as well. CONCLUSION: BEB may participate in the progress of inflammation in DED + BEB patients. Botulinum neurotoxin type A injections could effectively relieve the symptoms of DED + BEB patients and improve their ocular surface condition.

[A method of medical device power supply maintenance].

Based on the circuit board, we draw its circuit diagram. By analyzing the circuit diagram, we maintain medical device power supply and achieve the troubleshooting goal quickly.

[Design of dynamic skin impedance detector for the back electrode of high frequency surgical equipment].

For the conventional high frequency(HF) surgical equipment, the contact impedance between the two back electrodes when they are gluing with skin is 50-200 Omega. If the contact impedance between the two electrodes is either too large or too small, an alarm is needed. This detector is designed not only to detect the contact condition between skin and the back electrodes, but also to monitor and alarm the dynamic change of the contact impedance. It effectively prevents the potential damage to medical staff when the back electrodes of the double-loop HF surgical equipment is moved during operation. Thus, this design enhances the safety of HF surgical equipment in clinical use.