RESUMO
The use of modern chemotherapy (CT) allowed to achieve significant progress in the treatment of many malignant tumors that were previously considered fatal. Improving the efficiency of the treatment was achieved by the intensification of chemotherapy. However, intensification of chemotherapy regimes provoked increase in the number of side effects of anticancer therapy,which often lead to a decrease in the intensity of the selected mode, the additional financial costs of treating the complications and the formation of the negative attitude of the patient to treatment. Thus, the side effects of chemotherapy are the actual problem of modern oncology. The purpose of this literature review was to investigate the frequency, symptoms and ways to prevent and treat various types of toxicity of chemotherapy.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/tratamento farmacológico , Náusea/tratamento farmacológico , Neutropenia/tratamento farmacológico , Substâncias Protetoras/uso terapêutico , Vômito/tratamento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/diagnóstico , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Náusea/induzido quimicamente , Náusea/diagnóstico , Náusea/metabolismo , Neutropenia/induzido quimicamente , Neutropenia/diagnóstico , Neutropenia/metabolismo , Receptores de Serotonina/metabolismo , Antagonistas da Serotonina/uso terapêutico , Vômito/induzido quimicamente , Vômito/diagnóstico , Vômito/metabolismoRESUMO
A hepatotoxicity can be observed at the use of different groups of antitumoral drugs. Cytotoxicity drugs have a leading place in relation to incidence and severity of liver damage. During chemotherapy the development of hepatotoxicity is caused by thedamage of the liver parenchymal cells with fatty degeneration, necrosis of the liver tissue, and cholestasis. The study of the mechanisms of development, clinical course and laboratory manifestations of hepatotoxicity of chemotherapy will lead to its prevention or reduction, which will improve the immediate and long-term results of treatment of patients with cancer.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/toxicidade , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/etiologia , Citostáticos/toxicidade , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/patologia , Citostáticos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Fígado/patologiaRESUMO
The treatment of patients with refractory forms of Hodgkin's lymphomas in combination with chemo-radiotherapy is priority. Nevertheless, chemotherapy has to include multicomponent schemes and radiation therapy should be an addition and consolidative method to chemotherapy.