[Prevalence of physical inactivity and risk of sarcopenia in primary care. Cross-sectional study]. / Prevalencia de inactividad física y riesgo de sarcopenia en atención primaria. Estudio transversal.

OBJECTIVES: Assess the prevalence of physical inactivity and risk of sarcopenia in primary care patients and their companions. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. We carried out an anonymous survey of primary care users (patients and companions) in primary care consultations and stands coinciding with a community health activity for World Physical Activity Day. SITE: Five primary care centers (CAPs) of the South Metropolitan health region: in Cornellà de Llobregat (CAP Jaume Soler), in l'Hospitalet de Llobregat (CAP Florida Nord, CAP Florida Sud and CAP Bellvitge) and in Viladecans (CAP Maria Bernades) between 27 March to April 6, 2023 (coinciding with World Physical Activity Day). PARTICIPANTS: Primary care population consists of patients and their companions over 18 years of age. INTERVENTIONS: The health workers administered questionnaires to users and companions. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: We evaluated physical inactivity with the BPAAT questionnaire, risk of sarcopenia with SARC-F screening test, sex and age range. We performed an univariate descriptive analysis to report prevalence. RESULTS: Nine hundred ninety-eight participants were surveyed. Physical inactivity was present in 38.9% of the participants. Among those over 50 years (665 participants), 15.4% were at risk of sarcopenia (9.58% men, 19.2% women). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of physical inactivity and risk of sarcopenia (in individuals over 50 years old) in the studied population is high. Women have greater physical inactivity and a greater risk of sarcopenia than men.

[Long-term effects of intensive intervention on changes in lifestyle in patients with hyperfibrinogenaemia and moderate-high cardiovascular risk]. / Efectos a largo plazo de una intervención intensiva sobre cambios en los estilos de vida en pacientes con hiperfibrinogenemia y riesgo cardiovascular moderado-alto.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the benefit on cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) persists 5 years after an intensive intervention in lifestyle (LS) that lasted 2 years, in patients with hyperfibrinogenaemia and moderate or high cardiovascular risk. DESIGN: multicentre prospective observational study. LOCATION: 13 Primary Care Centres in Barcelona and Baix Llobregat. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 300 patients who completed the EFAP study (146 intervention group, 154 control group). INTERVENTIONS: The EFAP study, conducted on patients with normal cholesterol and elevated fibrinogen showed that lifestyle interventions are effective in reducing CVRF. After the EFAP study, the 2 groups followed the usual controls, and re-assessed after 5 years. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Age, gender, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, obesity), laboratory parameters (fibrinogen, glucose, full blood count, cholesterol, triglycerides), blood pressure, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), tobacco and alcohol use, REGICOR. RESULTS: At 5 years, the intervention group had a lower abdominal circumference (98 and 101cm, respectively, P=.043), a lower weight (76.30 and 75.04kg, respectively, P<.001), and BMI (29.5 and 30.97kg/m2, P=.018). Fibrinogen level was lower in the intervention group (330.33 and 320.27 mg/dl respectively, P < .001), and REGICOR risk was also lower in the intervention group (5.65 and 5.59 respectively, P < .06). CONCLUSION: The benefit of an intensive intervention in LS for 2 years to reduce CVRF persists at 5 years, but decreases its intensity over time. It is recommended to repeat the interventions periodically to maintain the beneficial effect on LS.