Solid-Phase Synthesis of Fluorinated Analogues of Glycosyl 1-Phosphate Repeating Structures from Leishmania using the Phosphoramidite Method.

Bacterial and protozoan sugar chains contain glycosyl 1-phosphate repeating structures; these repeating structures have been studied for vaccine development. The fluorinated analogues of [ß-Gal-(1→4)-α-Man-(1→6)-P-] n , which are glycosyl 1-phosphate repeating structures found in Leishmania, were synthesised using the solid-phase phosphoramidite method. This method has been less extensively studied for the synthesis of glycosyl 1-phosphate units than H-phosphonate chemistry. A stepwise synthesis of a compound containing five such repeating units has been conducted using the phosphoramidite method herein, which is the longest glycosyl 1-phosphate structures to be chemically constructed in a stepwise manner.

Copolymerization of epoxides with carbon dioxide catalyzed by iron-corrole complexes: synthesis of a crystalline copolymer.

Iron-corrole complexes were found to copolymerize epoxides with CO2. The first iron-catalyzed propylene oxide/CO2 copolymerization has been accomplished. Moreover, the glycidyl phenyl ether (GPE)/CO2 copolymerization with this catalyst provided a crystalline material as a result of the isotactic poly(GPE) moiety.

Tal1/Scl gene transduction using a lentiviral vector stimulates highly efficient hematopoietic cell differentiation from common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) embryonic stem cells.

The development of embryonic stem cell (ESC) therapies requires the establishment of efficient methods to differentiate ESCs into specific cell lineages. Here, we report the in vitro differentiation of common marmoset (CM) (Callithrix jacchus) ESCs into hematopoietic cells after exogenous gene transfer using vesicular stomatitis virus-glycoprotein-pseudotyped lentiviral vectors. We transduced hematopoietic genes, including tal1/scl, gata1, gata2, hoxB4, and lhx2, into CM ESCs. By immunochemical and morphological analyses, we demonstrated that overexpression of tal1/scl, but not the remaining genes, dramatically increased hematopoiesis of CM ESCs, resulting in multiple blood-cell lineages. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that CD34, a hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell marker, was highly expressed in tal1/scl-overexpressing embryoid body cells. Similar results were obtained from three independent CM ESC lines. These results suggest that transduction of exogenous tal1/scl cDNA into ESCs is a promising method to induce the efficient differentiation of CM ESCs into hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.