Assuntos
Alérgenos/imunologia , Carbapenêmicos/imunologia , Cefalosporinas/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/diagnóstico , Imunização/métodos , Administração Oral , Adulto , Idoso , Reações Cruzadas , Feminino , Humanos , Tolerância Imunológica , Imunoglobulina E/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Penicilinas/imunologia , Testes CutâneosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of the present was to evaluate the incidence of side effects to Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) in 32 patients with AIDS and pneumonia by Pneumocystis carinii. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out following a protocol which included all items related with the drug used. RESULTS: Side effects to TMP-SMX were seen in 75% of the patients treated with the most important and severe being at a cutaneous level. These severe reactions require withdrawal of the drug and its substitution by pentamidine in half of the cases, while in the remaining 25% the reactions were mild. To date none of the 9 patients prophylactically treated with TMP-SMX have relapsed over 3 years of follow up while 4 out of the 9 treated with pentamidine have had relapsed. CONCLUSIONS: Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole is the ideal prophylactic drug for those who are able to tolerate it. Following review of the literature 2 schedules of tolerance induction were proposed for use in patients who have had previous reactions with this drug, including a rapid schedule and another slow schedule.