Cognitive image, affective image, cultural dimensions, and conative image: A new conceptual framework.

Destination image is essential to tourists' loyalty and has been discussed in length among researchers and marketers in the tourism industry for decades. Based on a literature review, the destination image model, including cognitive image, affective image, and conative image, has been firmly established as an acceptable means to gain an understanding of tourists' behavior toward revisiting and recommendations. The understanding of the moderating role of cultural constructs is still unclear, especially in cross-cultural travel behavior. Therefore, this conceptual paper proposes an integrated model of cognitive-affective-conative image that includes the constructs of individualism and uncertainty avoidance. Based on the underpinning theories and empirical studies, this paper proposes affective image potentially mediates the correlation between cognitive image and conative image. This model also incorporated individualism and uncertainty as potential moderating effects between affective image and conative image. By integrating individualism and uncertainty avoidance into the theoretical model from the perspective of tourism, this paper contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the influence of travel behavior on emerging tourism marketing.

The Effects of Green Intellectual Capital on Green Innovation: A Green Supply Chain Integration Perspective.

To demonstrate how green innovation (GI) effectively occurs, this study examines the effects of green intellectual capital (GIC) on GI from the perspective of green supply chain integration (GSCI). Based on a natural-resource-based view and knowledge-based view, the authors constructed an intermediary model of GIC-GSCI-GI, and analyzed the effects of green absorptive ability (GAA) and relationship learning ability (RLA) as moderators. An empirical survey of 328 Chinese manufacturing companies was conducted. Our results indicate that three dimensions of GIC positively impact GI. The mediating effects of internal and external GSCI exist in the relationship between GIC and GI. The moderating effects of GAA and RLA in these effects were also verified. Our study provides further empirical evidence for the relationship between GIC and GI, highlights the effects of companies' internal and external abilities on GI, and suggests new ways and implementation contexts for GI.

Self-Perception or Objective State: A Further Study of the Effects of Retirement on Health.

Against the backdrop of an aging global population and the increasing pressure of medical care expenditures for seniors, this paper used a fuzzy regression discontinuity (FRD) model to explore the effects of retirement on the self-assessed health and objective physical and mental health of older people. Using survey data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), our model addresses some relevant academic controversies. Our sample was comprised of male respondents from government agencies, enterprises, and public institutions. The research explored the impact of retirement on lifestyle habits and included an in-depth analysis of the mechanism through which retirement influences different aspects of health. The results show that: (1) Retirement does not have any significant impact on objective health, including depression and self-care ability, but it does cause a notable decline in subjective health assessment. (2) Retirement shortened the sleep time of respondents, which may account for lower scores on subjective health self-evaluations, but it did not lead to any noticeable improvement in habits which are harmful to health, such as smoking and drinking. (3) Marriage can help alleviate the problems of depression and smoking among older people, and education has a somewhat broader positive effect on their health and lifestyles; however, neither factor helps to improve the sleep problems of older people. Therefore, this paper recommends that efforts should be made to both optimize retirement policies and seek further ways to improve the health of the retired population.

Effects of Stores' Environmental Components on Chinese Consumers' Emotions and Intentions to Purchase Luxury Brands: Integrating Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling and Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Approaches.

Purpose: Drawing upon the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) model, this paper aims to investigate the effects of stores' environmental components (i.e., lighting, cleanliness, scent, design, layout, music, and employee interaction) on Chinese consumers' emotions and intentions to purchase luxury brands. Design/Methodology/Approach: Data were collected from Chinese consumers who have purchased luxury brands from retail stores. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) were employed for data analysis. Findings: The results of PLS-SEM indicated that three dimensions of the store environment (i.e., music, scent, and employee interaction) directly and significantly influenced Chinese consumers' emotions. However, fsQCA revealed greater heterogeneity among respondents by highlighting stores' environmental components and Chinese consumers' emotions. Originality/Value: This study makes significant contributions to the marketing literature by examining the S-O-R model alongside fsQCA approach to conditionally predict outcomes in a luxury brand context. The present study may be one of the first to examine the effects of stores' environmental components on Chinese consumers' emotions and purchase intentions, applying both symmetrical test (PLS-SEM) and asymmetrical test (fsQCA) approaches to determine significant components of the store environment as well as component combinations that predict Chinese consumers' emotions and purchase intentions.