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1.
Sci Rep ; 6: 30608, 2016 07 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27465800

RESUMO

The growth of epitaxial Si nanowires by a metal-catalyst-free process has been investigated as an alternative to the more common metal-catalyzed vapor-liquid-solid process. The well-aligned Si nanowires are successfully grown on a (111)-oriented Si substrate without any metal catalysts by a thermal treatment using silicon sulfide as a Si source at approximately 1200 °C. The needle-shaped Si nanowires, which have a core-shell structure that consists of a single-crystalline Si core along the <111> direction consistent with the substrate direction and a surface coating of silicon oxide, are grown by a metal-catalyst-free process. In this process, the silicon sulfide in the liquid phase facilitates the nucleation and nanowire growth. In contrast, oxygen-rich nanowires that consist of crystalline Si at the tip and lumpy silicon oxide on the body are observed in a sample grown at 1300 °C, which disturbs the epitaxial growth of Si nanowires.

2.
J Urol ; 174(5): 1749-53, 2005 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16217276

RESUMO

PURPOSE: We verified differences in the incidence, clinical characteristics and outcomes between patients on chronic dialysis for end stage renal disease with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and those with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data regarding RCC and TCC were reviewed in the medical records of 6,201 patients with end stage renal disease who underwent chronic dialysis between January 1990 and June 2003 in our 38 affiliated dialysis centers, and data were compared with those reported in Australia and New Zealand. RESULTS: Among the patients RCC developed in 38 (0.61%) and TCC developed in 16 (0.26%) during maintenance dialysis. The primary renal disease was chronic glomerulonephritis in patients with RCC (68.4%) and diabetic nephropathy in patients with TCC (43.8%, p = 0.002). Mean patient age at initiation of dialysis was 45 years for those with RCC and 63 for those with TCC (p < 0.001). Mean interval from dialysis induction to tumor diagnosis was 143 months for patients with RCC and 54 months for patients with TCC (p < 0.001). Of 38 RCCs 23 (60.5%) were incidentally detected by regular abdominal imaging examinations while painless gross hematuria was the cardinal symptom in 13 (81.2%) of 16 TCCs. Overall and cancer specific survivals after tumor diagnosis were significantly superior in patients with RCC compared to those with TCC (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0003, respectively), and the cancer specific 5-year survival was 88.9% for RCC and 29.5% for TCC. In both cancers tumor stage significantly increased the risk of cancer specific death. Compared with patients from Australia and New Zealand, the incidence of RCC was higher and that of TCC was lower in our patients (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In the Japanese population on dialysis RCC is more common than TCC. Since long-term dialysis is a risk factor for RCC, regular imaging examinations may have contributed to the favorable outcome of our patients on dialysis with RCC. In contrast, the unfavorable outcome of TCC suggests the need for effective diagnostic measures for early detection of TCC in patients on dialysis.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/patologia , Falência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Diálise Renal/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Análise de Variância , Austrália/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Renais/cirurgia , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/cirurgia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Comorbidade , Intervalos de Confiança , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Japão/epidemiologia , Falência Renal Crônica/patologia , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Nova Zelândia/epidemiologia , Probabilidade , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Distribuição por Sexo , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
Clin Exp Nephrol ; 8(2): 127-33, 2004 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15235929

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Amyloid light-chain (AL)-type amyloidosis is a plasma cell disorder with a poor prognosis for survival. Although prognostic factors, such as the number of organs involved and heart function or failure in respond to therapy have been clarified based on studies including a large series of patients, there are large interindividual differences in the prognosis of patients with primary AL-type renal amyloidosis. METHODS: To clarify the prognostic factors of AL-type renal amyloidosis, we retrospectively investigated the clinical manifestations, histopathological data, and prognosis of 21 patients with amyloidosis, who had been diagnosed by renal biopsy. RESULTS: Eleven patients died, at a mean observational time of 21.7 months after renal biopsy, whereas the mean observational time was 51.0 months for the 10 patients who survived. The creatinine clearance rate was significantly higher, and the serum creatinine concentration and the grade of interstitial damage were significantly lower in surviving patients (P < 0.05). The presence of amyloid fibrils in organs other than the kidney did not influence prognosis for survival. However, the intraventricular septum was thinner in surviving patients (P < 0.1). Thirteen patients had undergone melphalan-prednisolone therapy, but it did not affect prognosis for survival. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that the renal function at the time of diagnosis was a significant and independent prognostic factor for survival. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that renal function at the time of biopsy and renal interstitial damage are the best predictors of survival in AL-type renal amyloidosis.


Assuntos
Amiloidose/mortalidade , Amiloidose/patologia , Amiloide , Amiloidose/fisiopatologia , Biópsia , Feminino , Humanos , Testes de Função Renal , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Plasmócitos/patologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Retrospectivos
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