[Diagnostics of disorders in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in women with hypertension in outpatient clinic]. / Diagnostika v ambulatornykh usloviiakh narushenii lipidnogo i uglevodnogo obmena u zhenshchin s gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

AIM: To study lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in young and middle-aged women with essential hypertension (EH). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Anthropometric parameters, arterial pressure (AP), glucose tolerance (GT), fasting glucose, immunoreactive insulin (IRI), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDLP cholesterol, atherogenic index were estimated in 93 women aged 20 to 50 years with EH stage II. RESULTS: TC was elevated in 75%, HDLP cholesterol--in 52%, TG--in 40% patients. Subnormal HDLP was only in 8% examinees. 6, 4, 21% of 53 examinees had elevated fasting glucose, GT, HbA1, respectively. Hyperinsulinemia was detected in 80%, insulin resistance in 92%. CONCLUSION: Disturbances of lipid metabolism were identified in more than half of the examined EH women. The HbA1 test is more sensitive than GT and fasting glucose tests in detection of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism.

Synthesis of C-5'-alkyl substituted 17-spirofuran 19-norsteroids.

A number of new steroidal 17-spirofuran derivatives of the 19-nor series containing Me, Et or (i)Pr-substituents in the heterocyclic moiety has been prepared, which are expected to have a strong progestagenic activity. The proposed approach made use of the 1-3-dipolar cycloaddition of low-molecular nitrile oxides with steroidal acetylenic alcohols followed by transformation of the isoxazole side chain.

[The morphofunctional changes in the internal organs in the modelling of poisonings by psilocybine-containing mushrooms]. / Morfofunktsional'nye izmeneniia vnutrennikh organov pri modelirovanii otravlenii psilotsibinsoderzhashchimi gribami.

Histological analysis of the viscera in experimental poisoning with psilocybin-containing mushrooms showed nonspecific changes in all examined organs, presenting as expressed hemocirculatory disorders and intracellular dystrophy. Quantitative histochemical analysis showed appreciable shifts in the activities of enzymes involved in the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial redox processes and of specific enzymes involved in nerve tissue metabolism. This may reflect some features in the direct effects of narcotic alkaloids contained in psilocybin-producing mushrooms.

[Preliminary results of the Russia (St.Petersburg)/WHO program for the evaluation of the effectiveness of breast self-examination]. / Promezhutochnye rezul'taty programmy Rocciia (Sankt-Peterburg)/VOZ po otsenke éffektivnosti samoobsledovaniia molochnykh zhelez.

Although an absolute difference of 10% (65,4 vs. 54,9%) in 5- and 9-year survival in breast cancer patients was recorded between the self-examination and control groups a large-scale randomized population-controlled study of 122,471 females has failed to provide significant differences (Log-rank - 0,774, p > 0.05). No significant decrease in mortality was observed in the self-examination group as compared with the untrained controls. As a result of providing more information to the population on risk factors. twice as many of the trained females consulted oncologists. Also, the number of early detection of breast tumor (T1-2NOMO) in both groups was 1,5-2,5 times that recorded elsewhere. Since 3,55 per 1,000 patients with breast tumors per year, aged 50-59, died of cardio-vascular disease, i.e. 3,1 times the expected 1,16 per 1,000, more attention should be focused on timely diagnosis and treatment of concomitant cardio-vascular pathology.

[Use of automated information systems Oncoregistry and Specialist-Oncologist in establishing cancer registry of the Leningrad region]. / Primenenie avtomatizirovannykh informatsionnykh sistem "Onkoregistr" i "Spetsialist-onkolog" dlia sozdaniia kantser-registra Leningradskoi oblasti.

The paper describes the basic features and structure of a cancer register (CR) of the Informational Analytical Service System which can perform a package of interrelated functions to record and analyze an oncological condition, the status of anticancer struggle and the achieved level of specialized care for those who have fallen ill. CR is a fully independent structure of medical application wherein informational provision occupies the dominant position. The basic function of CR is also given in the paper. In Saint Petersburg and in the Leningrad Region there are all necessary conditions for successful CR operation. The basic software support of CR represents the automatic informational systems (AIS): Oncoregister AIS and Specialist-Oncologist AIS. The block diagram of these AISs and their informational communication are presented in this paper.

[The risk factors for breast cancer (a prospective controlled study)]. / Faktory riska raka molochnoi zhelezy (prospektivnoe kontroliruemoe issledovanie).

Preliminary results of a prospective study of known risk factors for breast cancer are discussed in the paper. The study included 42,785 females aged 40-64 years who were followed for 2-5 years (mean--3.1 years). Within this period, 146 cases of breast cancer were registered. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in the relative risk (RR) of breast cancer was established for females aged over 50 (50-59 years--RR-1.4; 95% CI--1.0-2.0 and 60-64 years-RR--2.4; 95% CI 1.6-3.7), overweight patients (RR--1.5; 95% CI--1.1-2.1), subjects who developed menopause after the age of 50 (RR--1.6; 95% CI--1.1-2.2) and those with a ten-year or longer history of liver or bile ducts pathologies (RR--1.7; 95% CI--1.1-2.7). The role of certain factors differed significantly in different age groups. At the age of 40-49 years, the RR of breast cancer rose significantly for overweight subjects (RR--2.0; 95% CI--1.2-3.4) and those with liver pathologies (RR--2.5; 95% CI--1.3-4.6), at the age of 50-59-for subjects with late (after the age of 50) menopause (RR--2.0; 95% CI--1.2-3.4) and at the age of 60-64 years-for nulligravidae (RR--2.8; 95% CI--1.1-6.8).

[Study of the medial mamillary nucleus of the human hypothalamus in fresh cadavers]. / Issledovanie medial'nogo mamilliarnogo iadra gipotalamusa cheloveka na materiale rannikh vskrytii.

Morpho-functional state of the medial mamillary nucleus of the posterior hypothalamus in patients who had died from various diseases at the age of 18 to 80 years were studied by methods of quantitative histochemistry on the material of early necropsies. Nuclear changes were revealed depending on the age, type of main disease, character of thanatogenesis. The common and the earliest changes were those of microcirculatory bed resulting in the disturbance of interrelationships in the system neuron--neuropil--vessel.

[Action of dimilin on carotene formation by Blakeslea trispora]. / O deistvii dimilina na obrazovanie karotina Blakeslea trispora.

Dimilin, an insecticide, was added together with a number of surfactants; it was found to penetrate into the cell of microscopic fungi where it slightly inhibited biomass production but had no effect on chitin biosynthesis. The insecticide was shown to be capable of inhibiting the secondary processes of biosynthesis, namely, carotene synthesis in the fungus. A possible mechanism of dimilin action in insects and fungi is discussed on the basis of the results.