[Ultraviolet exposure from indoor tanning devices as a potential source of health risks: Basic knowledge of the proper use of these devices for practical users, physicians and solarium staff]. / Promieniowanie nadfioletowe solariów jako potencjalne zródlo zagrozen zdrowotnych ­ podstawowa wiedza dla uzytkowników, lekarzy i personelu solariów o prawidlowym korzystaniu z tych urzadzen.

Bearing in mind the adverse health effects of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation in solarium, especially the risk of carcinogenesis, there is a need to adopt legal regulations by relevant Polish authorities. They should set out the principles for indoor tanning studios operation, supervision and service of the technical parameters of tanning devices and training programs to provide the staff with professional knowledge and other aspects of safety in these facilities. The mechanism of the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation on the human body, scale of overexposure, resulting from excessive sunbathing are described. Methods for estimating UV exposure and possible actions aimed at reducing the overexposure and preventing from cancer development caused by UV are also presented in this paper. Med Pr 2017;68(5):653-665.

[Adaptation capacity of the sight organ and factors causing its disorders]. / Zdolnosc adaptacyjna narzadu wzroku i czynniki ja zaburzajace.

The aim of this article was to discuss one of the attributes of the sight organ--the eye adaptation capacity to the various light conditions and to provide the factors, that may cause disorders of this visual function course. The article presents the definition and physiological mechanism of eye adaptation. The dependence of adaptation course on existing light conditions (distinguishing dark and light adaptation and taking into account the glare phenomenon) was discussed. Possible, clinical reasons of deterioration of eye adaptation capacity were also listed. In conclusion, the possibility to use the examination of eye adaptation capacity in diagnosis (e.g. to state or monitor the development level of eye diseases and some of systemic diseases) or certification (e.g. to certify occupational usefulness) was emphasized.

[Evaluation of lighting conditions in operating rooms and their influence on feelings perceived by the nursing staff]. / Ocena warunków oswietlenia w salach operacyjnych oraz ich wplywu na odczucia personelu pielegniarskiego.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to analyze lighting conditions occurring in operating rooms and determine their influence on feelings perceived by the operating room nurses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The studies were conducted in 29 operating rooms of different operative specialty. In each operating room, its colors and the kind of general and localized lightings were analyzed. The illumination intensity and the luminance focused on the field of operation and its surroundings were measured. A survey was also held to investigate the feelings perceived by nurses and their subjective evaluation of lighting conditions in operating rooms. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The obtained results reveal that lighting conditions in the majority of the operating rooms are correct, but there are some (30%) where illumination is much too low and the composition of colors is improper. Most of the operating room nurses complain about overburdened eyes--the more improprieties, the more complains about lighting conditions in operating rooms.

[Influence of different lighting levels at workstations with video display terminals on operators' work efficiency]. / Badania wplywu natezenia oswietlenia stanowisk komputerowych na sprawnosc pracy wzrokowej operatorów.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of different lighting levels at workstations with video display terminals (VDTs) on the course of the operators' visual work, and to determine the optimal levels of lighting at VDT workstations. For two kinds of job (entry of figures from a typescript and edition of the text displayed on the screen), the work capacity, the degree of the visual strain and the operators' subjective symptoms were determined for four lighting levels (200, 300, 500 and 750 lx). It was found that the work at VDT workstations may overload the visual system and cause eyes complaints as well as the reduction of accommodation or convergence strength. It was also noted that the edition of the text displayed on the screen is more burdening for operators than the entry of figures from a typescript. Moreover, the examination results showed that the lighting at VDT workstations should be higher than 200 lx and that 300 lx makes the work conditions most comfortable during the entry of figures from a typescript, and 500 lx during the edition of the text displayed on the screen.