Psychopathology of cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS): a network analysis based on CBCL scales in 72,106 Chinese school students.

Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) is a cluster of behavioral problems that severely affect an individual's functioning. Currently, there is no consensus on the main clinical features of CDS, and further exploration in large samples is needed. Using a cluster-stratified random sampling method, 72,106 children and adolescents were recruited from five provinces in mainland China for this study. Using both the traditional two-factor scoring method and the CBCL DSM-oriented scales, we assessed individual behavioral problems from psychopathological and DSM-oriented perspectives. Network analysis was employed to explore the relationship between CDS and behavioral problems. The various networks were compared by gender and age subgroups. Among 72,106 participants (mean age, 11.49 years; minimum age, 5 years; maximum age, 16 years), there were 36,449 males (50.5%) and 35,657 females (49.5%). From a psychopathological perspective, the motor symptoms node was associated with the sad node and the withdrawn node, while the cognitive symptoms node was linked to the nervous node and the self-conscious node. In terms of gender, males had stronger associations of the motor symptoms node with the sad node and the withdrawn node than females (P = 0.043), and weaker associations of the cognitive symptoms node with the nervous node than females (P = 0.027). In terms of growth stage, the adolescent group had stronger associations of the cognitive symptoms node with the nervous node and the self-conscious node than the child group (P = 0.016, 0.001). From DSM perspective, motor symptoms node were associated with sad node, and cognitive symptoms node were related to can't concentrate node, nervous node, and worthless node. With increasing age, there was an upward trend in the strength of the cognitive and motor symptoms node. CDS is closely linked to psychological and behavioral issues, especially internalizing problems, with differences observed by gender and growth stage. The connection between CDS and the affective, anxiety, and ADH symptoms is particularly pronounced.

Self-injury and suicide among people living with HIV/AIDS in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of self-injury and suicide is higher than the general population of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). However, the results reported in existing studies are highly variable in China. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the currently available high-quality evidence to explore the prevalence and influence factors of self-injury and suicide among PLWHA in China. METHOD: We retrieve literature written in Chinese and English through databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, CNKI, WanFang Database, and CQVIP from inception to 1 September 2022. Sata 16.0 software was used for analysis. RESULTS: A total of 28 studies were included with a sample size of 1,433,971 and had a satisfactory quality score of ≥ 5. The prevalence among PLWHA in China were 30% for suicidal ideation (SI), 5% for suicide attempt (SA), 8% for suicide plan (SP), 7% for attempted suicide (AS), and 3‰ for completed suicide. High stigma (OR = 2.94, 95%CI: 1.90 - 4.57), depression (OR, 3.17; 95%CI, 2.20 - 4.57), anxiety (OR, 3.06; 95%CI, 2.23 - 4.20), low self-esteem (OR, 3.82, 95%CI, 2.22 - 6.57), high HIV related stress (OR, 2.53; 95%CI, 1.36 - 4.72), and unemployment (OR, 2.50; 95%CI, 1.51 - 4.15) are risk factors for SI; high social support (OR, 0.61; 95%CI, 0.44 - 0.84) and spouse infected with HIV (OR, 0.39; 95%CI, 0.21 - 0.74) are protective factors for SI; depression (OR, 1.62; 95%CI, 1.24 - 2.13), high aggression (OR, 4.66; 95%CI, 2.59 - 8.39), and more negative life events (OR, 2.51; 95%CI, 1.47 - 4.29) are risk factors for AS; high level of education (OR, 1.31; 95%CI, 1.21 - 1.43) is risk factor for CS. CONCLUSION: Figures indicate that approximately one-third of PLWHA had suicidal ideation, and three out of 1,000 completed suicide in China. Positive events are protective factors for self-injury and suicide among PLWHA, while negative events are risk factors. This suggests that psychosocial support and risk assessment should be integrated into the care of PLWHA.

Sensory Phenomenon Assessment Scale: a new tool for assessment of tic-associated sensations.

Background: Sensory symptoms linked to tic disorder (TD) are challenging to quantify via self- or parent-reported measures. The current study aimed to develop a novel observer-rated semi-structured interview, namely, the Sensory Phenomenon Assessment Scale (SPAS), to aid clinical evaluation on symptoms of TD among children. Methods: To test its psychometric properties, tic, premonitory urge (PU), and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) were also assessed in 223 children via the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), the Premonitory Urge for Tic Scale (PUTS), and the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS). Factor analysis and internal consistency test were carried out using data from TD-diagnosed individuals. Results: Good internal consistency and test-retest reliability were observed. Criterion validity was established by significant correlations between the PUTS, the YGTSS, the CY-BOCS, and scores of the SPAS. Factor analyses supported a single-factor model of the SPAS, in which the five items each showed a factor loading above 0.6. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the SPAS is reliable and valid and, thus, can serve as a good and concise measure of clinical symptoms among children and adolescents with TD.

Ultrasound Report Generation with Cross-Modality Feature Alignment via Unsupervised Guidance.

Automatic report generation has arisen as a significant research area in computer-aided diagnosis, aiming to alleviate the burden on clinicians by generating reports automatically based on medical images. In this work, we propose a novel framework for automatic ultrasound report generation, leveraging a combination of unsupervised and supervised learning methods to aid the report generation process. Our framework incorporates unsupervised learning methods to extract potential knowledge from ultrasound text reports, serving as the prior information to guide the model in aligning visual and textual features, thereby addressing the challenge of feature discrepancy. Additionally, we design a global semantic comparison mechanism to enhance the performance of generating more comprehensive and accurate medical reports. To enable the implementation of ultrasound report generation, we constructed three large-scale ultrasound image-text datasets from different organs for training and validation purposes. Extensive evaluations with other state-of-the-art approaches exhibit its superior performance across all three datasets. Code and dataset are valuable at this link.

ZnO NPs induce miR-342-5p mediated ferroptosis of spermatocytes through the NF-κB pathway in mice.

BACKGROUND: Zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NP) is one of the metal nanomaterials with extensive use in many fields such as feed additive and textile, which is an emerging threat to human health due to widely distributed in the environment. Thus, there is an urgent need to understand the toxic effects associated with ZnO NPs. Although previous studies have found accumulation of ZnO NPs in testis, the molecular mechanism of ZnO NPs dominated a decline in male fertility have not been elucidated. RESULTS: We reported that ZnO NPs exposure caused testicular dysfunction and identified spermatocytes as the primary damaged site induced by ZnO NPs. ZnO NPs led to the dysfunction of spermatocytes, including impaired cell proliferation and mitochondrial damage. In addition, we found that ZnO NPs induced ferroptosis of spermatocytes through the increase of intracellular chelatable iron content and lipid peroxidation level. Moreover, the transcriptome analysis of testis indicated that ZnO NPs weakened the expression of miR-342-5p, which can target Erc1 to block the NF-κB pathway. Eventually, ferroptosis of spermatocytes was ameliorated by suppressing the expression of Erc1. CONCLUSIONS: The present study reveals a novel mechanism in that miR-342-5p targeted Erc1 to activate NF-κB signaling pathway is required for ZnO NPs-induced ferroptosis, and provide potential targets for further research on the prevention and treatment of male reproductive disorders related to ZnO NPs.

Nicotine induces senescence in spermatogonia stem cells by disrupting homeostasis between circadian oscillation and rhythmic mitochondrial dynamics via the SIRT6/Bmal1 pathway.

Infertility is intricately linked with alterations in circadian rhythms along with physiological decline and stem cell senescence. Yet, the direct involvement of circadian mechanisms in nicotine-induced injury to the testes, especially the senescence of spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs), is not well comprehended. This study revealed that nicotine exposure induced testis injury by triggering SSCs senescence along with the upregulation of senescence marker genes and senescence-associated secretory phenotype components. Moreover, nicotine treatment caused mitochondrial hyper-fusion, increased oxidative stress, and DNA damage. Exposure to nicotine was found to suppress the expression of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), which accelerated the senescence of spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs). This acceleration led to increased acetylation of brain and muscle ARNT-like protein (Bmal1), consequently reducing the expression of Bmal1 protein. Conversely, the overexpression of Bmal1 alleviated mitochondrial hyper-fusion and senescence phenotypes induced by nicotine. Overall, this study unveiled a novel molecular mechanism behind nicotine-induced disorders in spermatogenesis and highlighted the SIRT6/Bmal1 regulatory pathway as a potential therapeutic target for combating nicotine-associated infertility.

Psychometric Properties of the MOVES Scale for Tourette Syndrome and Comorbidities in a Chinese Cultural Context.

The Motor tic, Obsessions and Compulsions, Vocal tic Evaluation Survey (MOVES) is a widely used screening tool for Tourette syndrome (TS) and associated comorbidities. This study evaluated its applicability for children in China using 7,125 participants from the National Center for Children's Health (Beijing). Psychometric evaluations included exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, yielding a 16-item, four-factor model that explained 55.11% of the variance and demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.86). The scale showed strong convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity and was significantly correlated with other established TS scales. The results affirm the reliability and validity of the MOVES for screening TS in Asian contexts, addressing a crucial gap in the region's TS assessment tools.

Progress in the development of modulators targeting Frizzleds.

The Frizzleds (FZDs) receptors on the cell surface belong to the class F of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) which are the major receptors of WNT protein that mediates the classical WNT signaling pathway and other non-classical pathways. Besides, the FZDs also play a core role in tissue regeneration and tumor occurrence. With the structure and mechanism of FZDs activation becoming clearer, a series of FZDs modulators (inhibitors and agonists) have been developed, with the hope of bringing benefits to the treatment of cancer and degenerative diseases. Most of the FZDs inhibitors (small molecules, antibodies or designed protein inhibitors) block WNT signaling through binding to the cysteine-rich domain (CRD) of FZDs. Several small molecules impede FZDs activation by targeting to the third intracellular domain or the transmembrane domain of FZDs. However, three small molecules (FZM1.8, SAG1.3 and purmorphamine) activate the FZDs through direct interaction with the transmembrane domain. Another type of FZDs agonists are bivalent or tetravalent antibodies which activate the WNT signaling via inducing FZD-LRP5/6 heterodimerization. In this article, we reviewed the FZDs modulators reported in recent years, summarized the critical molecules' discovery processes and the elucidated relevant structural and pharmacological mechanisms. We believe the summaried molecular mechanisms of the relevant modulators could provide important guidance and reference for the future development of FZD modulators.

Magnetic Soft Microrobot Design for Cell Grasping and Transportation.

Manipulating cells at a small scale is widely acknowledged as a complex and challenging task, especially when it comes to cell grasping and transportation. Various precise methods have been developed to remotely control the movement of microrobots. However, the manipulation of micro-objects necessitates the use of end-effectors. This paper presents a study on the control of movement and grasping operations of a magnetic microrobot, utilizing only 3 pairs of electromagnetic coils. A specially designed microgripper is employed on the microrobot for efficient cell grasping and transportation. To ensure precise grasping, a bending deformation model of the microgripper is formulated and subsequently validated. To achieve precise and reliable transportation of cells to specific positions, an approach that combines an extended Kalman filter with a model predictive control method is adopted to accomplish the trajectory tracking task. Through experiments, we observe that by applying the proposed control strategy, the mean absolute error of path tracking is found to be less than 0.155 mm. Remarkably, this value accounts for only 1.55% of the microrobot's size, demonstrating the efficacy and accuracy of our control strategy. Furthermore, an experiment involving the grasping and transportation of a zebrafish embryonic cell (diameter: 800 µm) is successfully conducted. The results of this experiment not only validate the precision and effectiveness of the proposed microrobot and its associated models but also highlight its tremendous potential for cell manipulation in vitro and in vivo.

Review of robotic systems for thoracoabdominal puncture interventional surgery.

Cancer, with high morbidity and high mortality, is one of the major burdens threatening human health globally. Intervention procedures via percutaneous puncture have been widely used by physicians due to its minimally invasive surgical approach. However, traditional manual puncture intervention depends on personal experience and faces challenges in terms of precisely puncture, learning-curve, safety and efficacy. The development of puncture interventional surgery robotic (PISR) systems could alleviate the aforementioned problems to a certain extent. This paper attempts to review the current status and prospective of PISR systems for thoracic and abdominal application. In this review, the key technologies related to the robotics, including spatial registration, positioning navigation, puncture guidance feedback, respiratory motion compensation, and motion control, are discussed in detail.

Efficacy of deep brain stimulation for Tourette syndrome and its comorbidities: A meta-analysis.

Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics, often accompanied by comorbid disorders. Optional treatments for patients with TS include behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, and neurostimulation techniques. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been considered a therapeutic approach for refractory TS and its comorbid symptoms. However, systematic comparison is necessary to understand the therapeutic effect of DBS among patients with TS with various comorbid symptoms, demographic characteristics, or stimulation targets. Consequently, our research aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of DBS in alleviating the symptoms of TS and its comorbidities. A systematic literature search was conducted across five databases: PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO. The primary outcome was the mean change in the global score of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), which assesses the severity of tics. The secondary outcomes included mean improvement of comorbid symptoms, such as obsessive-compulsive behaviors (OCB), depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms. In total, 51 studies with 673 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, the DBS led to a significant improvement in tic symptoms (p â€‹< â€‹0.001), as well as the comorbid obsessive-compulsive, depression, and anxiety symptoms with effect sizes of 1.88, 0.88, 1.04, and 0.76 accordingly. In the subgroup analysis, we found that striatum stimulation led to a more significant improvement in OCB in patients with TS compared to that observed with thalamic stimulation (p â€‹= â€‹0.017). The relationship between sex, age, and target with the improvement of tics, depression, and anxiety was not statistically significant (p â€‹= â€‹0.923, 0.438, 0.591 for different male proportions; p â€‹= â€‹0.463, 0.425, 0.105 for different age groups; p â€‹= â€‹0.619, 0.113, 0.053 for different targets). In conclusion, DBS is an efficient treatment option for TS, as well as the comorbid OCB, depression symptoms, and anxiety symptoms. It is important to highlight that stimulating the striatum is more effective in managing obsessive-compulsive symptoms compared to stimulating the thalamus.

Deterministic Single-Cell Encapsulation in PEG Norbornene Microgels for Promoting Anti-Inflammatory Response and Therapeutic Delivery of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.

Tissue engineering at single-cell resolution has enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Droplet microfluidics offers a powerful platform that allows deterministic single-cell encapsulation into aqueous droplets, yet the direct encapsulation of cells into microgels remains challenging. Here, the design of a microfluidic device that is capable of single-cell encapsulation within polyethylene glycol norbornene (PEGNB) hydrogels on-chip is reported. Cells are first ordered in media within a straight microchannel via inertial focusing, followed by the introduction of PEGNB solution from two separate, converging channels. Droplets are thoroughly mixed by passage through a serpentine channel, and microgels are formed by photo-photopolymerization. This platform uniquely enables both single-cell encapsulation and excellent cell viability post-photo-polymerization. More than 90% of singly encapsulated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) remain alive for 7 days. Notably, singly encapsulated MSCs have elevated expression levels in genes that code anti-inflammatory cytokines, for example, IL-10 and TGF-ß, thus enhancing the secretion of proteins of interest. Following injection into a mouse model with induced inflammation, singly encapsulated MSCs show a strong retention rate in vivo, reduce overall inflammation, and mitigate liver damage. These translational results indicate that deterministic single-cell encapsulation could find use in a broad spectrum of tissue engineering applications.

Theoretical error analysis of spotlight-based instrument localization for retinal surgery.

Retinal surgery is widely considered to be a complicated and challenging task even for specialists. Image-guided robot-assisted intervention is among the novel and promising solutions that may enhance human capabilities therein. In this paper, we demonstrate the possibility of using spotlights for 5D guidance of a microsurgical instrument. The theoretical basis of the localization for the instrument based on the projection of a single spotlight is analyzed to deduce the position and orientation of the spotlight source. The usage of multiple spotlights is also proposed to check the possibility of further improvements for the performance boundaries. The proposed method is verified within a high-fidelity simulation environment using the 3D creation suite Blender. Experimental results show that the average positioning error is 0.029 mm using a single spotlight and 0.025 mm with three spotlights, respectively, while the rotational errors are 0.124 and 0.101, which shows the application to be promising in instrument localization for retinal surgery.

One Step Encapsulation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in PEG Norbornene Microgels for Therapeutic Actions.

Cell therapies require control over the cellular response under standardized conditions to ensure continuous delivery of therapeutic agents. Cell encapsulation in biomaterials can be particularly effective at providing cells with a uniformly supportive and permissive cell microenvironment. In this study, two microfluidic droplet device designs were used to successfully encapsulate equine mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) into photopolymerized polyethylene glycol norbornene (PEGNB) microscale (∼100-200 µm) hydrogel particles (microgels) in a single on-chip step. To overcome the slow cross-linking kinetics of thiol-ene reactions, long dithiol linkers were used in combination with a polymerization chamber customized to achieve precise retention time for microgels while maintaining cytocompatibility. Thus, homogeneous cell-laden microgels could be continuously fabricated in a high-throughput fashion. Varying linker length mediated both the gel formation rate and material physical properties (stiffness, mass transport, and mesh size) of fabricated microgels. Postencapsulation cell viability and therapeutic indicators of MSCs were evaluated over 14 days, during which the viability remained at least 90%. Gene expression of selected cytokines was not adversely affected by microencapsulation compared to monolayer MSCs. Notably, PEGNB-3.5k microgels rendered significant elevation in FGF-2 and TGF-ß on the transcription level, and conditioned media collected from these cultures showed robust promotion in the migration and proliferation of fibroblasts. Collectively, standardized MSC on-chip encapsulation will lead to informed and precise translation to clinical studies, ultimately advancing a variety of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine practices.

DefCor-Net: Physics-aware ultrasound deformation correction.

The recovery of morphologically accurate anatomical images from deformed ones is challenging in ultrasound (US) image acquisition, but crucial to accurate and consistent diagnosis, particularly in the emerging field of computer-assisted diagnosis. This article presents a novel physics-aware deformation correction approach based on a coarse-to-fine, multi-scale deep neural network (DefCor-Net). To achieve pixel-wise performance, DefCor-Net incorporates biomedical knowledge by estimating pixel-wise stiffness online using a U-shaped feature extractor. The deformation field is then computed using polynomial regression by integrating the measured force applied by the US probe. Based on real-time estimation of pixel-by-pixel tissue properties, the learning-based approach enables the potential for anatomy-aware deformation correction. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed DefCor-Net, images recorded at multiple locations on forearms and upper arms of six volunteers are used to train and validate DefCor-Net. The results demonstrate that DefCor-Net can significantly improve the accuracy of deformation correction to recover the original geometry (Dice Coefficient: from 14.3±20.9 to 82.6±12.1 when the force is 6N). Code:https://github.com/KarolineZhy/DefCorNet.

Corrigendum: Research advances in drug therapy of endometriosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1199010.].

High plasma nesfatin-1 level in Chinese adolescents with depression.

Depression is a common psychiatric disorder with high prevalence and mortality rates as well as high risk of serious harm in adolescents that have significant negative impact on families and society. The feeding inhibitor Nesfatin-1 contributes to the regulation of stress and emotion. The purpose of this project was to compare the differences in the levels of Nesfatin-1 between adolescents with depression and healthy adolescents, and verify the association between the levels of Nesfatin-1 and severity of depression in adolescents. Adolescents with depression (n = 61) and healthy adolescents (n = 30) were evaluated. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) was used to classify the adolescents with depression. Thirty-one and thirty-two was assigned to the mild-to-moderate (HAMD-17 ≤ 24) depression group and severe group (HAMD-17 > 24). Plasma Levels of Nesfatin-1 were measured by human ELISA Kit and differences among groups evaluated. Data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS 23. HAMD-17 score was significantly higher in adolescents with depression than that in the healthy adolescents (P < 0.001). Median plasma Nesfatin-1 levels in adolescents with depression and healthy adolescents differed significantly at 37.3 pg/ml (22.1 pg/ml, 63.6 pg/ml) and 18.1 pg/ml (10.0 pg/ml, 25.7 pg/ml) (p < 0.001). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed high plasma Nesfatin-1 concentrations were associated with increased risk of depression (OR = 0.914, 95% CI 0.87-0.96, P < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under curve were 0.808 (95% CI 0.722-0.894, P < 0.001). Plasma Nesfatin-1 cut-off point of 32.45 pg/mL showed 59% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Median plasma Nesfatin-1 levels in the severe depression group (n = 30), mild-to-moderate depression group (n = 31), and control group (n = 30) were 53.4 pg/ml (28.2 pg/ml, 149.1 pg/ml), 29.9 pg/ml (14.5 pg/ml, 48.5 pg/ml) and 18.1 pg/ml (10.0 pg/ml, 25.7 pg/ml), and differed significantly among the three groups (P < 0.001). Median plasma level of Nesfatin-1 in males (n = 20) was 38.6 pg/ml (23.5 pg/ml, 70.1 pg/ml), while that in females (n = 41) was 37.3 pg/ml (22.0 pg/ml, 63.6 pg/ml), which was not a significant difference (P > 0.05). Plasma levels of Nesfatin-1 increased with severity of depression in adolescents and may be useful as a biomarker of depression severity. Further studies are needed in future projects.

Diagnostic efficiency and psychometric properties of CBCL DSM-oriented scales in a large sample of Chinese school-attending students aged 5-16.

BACKGROUND: Children and adolescents are vulnerable to various psychiatric disorders during the critical phase of individual development. In China, the child behavior checklist (CBCL) is a widely employed psychometric questionnaire for assessing children and adolescents. However, further validation of the psychometric properties and diagnostic effectiveness of the CBCL DSM-oriented scales is necessary. These scales were developed based on DSM diagnosis and require evaluation using a substantial sample of Chinese individuals. METHODS: This study involved the analysis of a substantial dataset consisting of 72,109 samples collected from five provinces in China. Data was gathered using the CBCL (Parent Rating Scale), and rigorous assessments of reliability and validity were conducted. The mini-international neuropsychiatric interview for children and adolescents (MINI-KID) and the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-IV (DSM-IV) interview were employed to diagnose the participants. To ensure the accuracy of the diagnoses, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curves) were utilized, and the Youden Index was calculated to determine the appropriate diagnostic cut-off point for each specific target diagnosis. RESULTS: The study included a total sample of 72,109 cases, out of which 19,782 cases underwent MINI-KID assessment and structured or semi-structured interviews based on DSM-IV to clarify the diagnosis. Reliability and validity analyses showed that the reliability of the subscales and total scales was good, except for Anxiety Problems. The Cronbach's alpha for the CBCL DSM-oriented scales was 0.92. In addition, the validity of all scales was good (CFI = 0.80). For the sample with a clear diagnosis, all five subscales of the CBCL DSM-oriented scales showed fair diagnostic efficiency for the target diagnosis. Among them, the area under curves (AUC) of Mood disorder, Anxiety, Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and Conduct disorder (CD) are 0.80, 0.74, 0.75, 0.74, 0.74. Among the three sample groups, the highest diagnostic efficiency was found in Affective Problems to Mania. The diagnostic cut-off point for each subscale on target diagnoses was clearly defined. CONCLUSION: Overall, the reliability, validity and diagnostic efficiency of CBCL DSM-oriented scales in Chinese children and adolescents were within acceptable limits. In addition, we used ROC curves and cut-off points to predict the cut-off values of common child and adolescent psychiatric disorders mentioned in the CBCL DSM-oriented scales. This provides an important reference for the clinical application of the CBCL DSM-oriented scales in Chinese samples.

Progress on the roles of zinc in sperm cryopreservation.

One of the effective methods for the long-term preservation of mammalian genetic resources is the cryopreservation of semen. However, a number of parameters, including diluents, the rate of freezing and thawing, cryoprotectants, etc., can easily alter the survival of frozen-thawed sperm. Numerous studies have documented the addition of a variety of zinc compounds, to the diluents used to cryopreserve sperm. The primary objective of this review is to briefly describe that adding zinc to diluents as an antioxidant significantly enhances frozen-thawed sperm quality. Second, a summary of the present understanding of zinc's molecular mechanism on semen cryopreservation is provided. Thirdly, this study addresses that nanoparticles of zinc can offer suggestions for raising cryopreservation effectiveness.