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BACKGROUND: Current treatments do not support direct exposure of fracture fragments, resulting in the inability to directly observe the articular surface during surgery for accurate reduction and firm fixation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to explore the treatment effect of digital virtual reduction combined with individualized guide plate of lateral tibial condyle osteotomy on tibial plateau fracture involving the lateral posterior condyle collapse. METHODS: 41 patients with tibial plateau fracture involving the lateral posterior condyle collapse were recruited in the trial. All patients underwent Computed Tomography (CT) scanning before operation. After operation, fracture reduction was evaluated using Rasmussen score and function of knee joint was assessed using hospital for special surgery (HSS) score. RESULTS: 41 patients were followed-up 6-26 months (mean, 15.2 months). Fracture reduction was good after operation, with an average of 13.3 weeks of fracture healing without serious complications. The excellent and good rate was 97.6%. The joint movement degree was -5∘â¼0∘â¼135∘ with an average of 125.5∘. CONCLUSIONS: Digital virtual reduction combined with individualized guide plate of lateral tibial condyle osteotomy was effectively for treating tibial plateau fracture involving the lateral posterior condyle collapse.
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Uneven lithium deposition poses a primary challenge for lithium-ion batteries, as it often triggers the growth of lithium dendrites, thereby significantly compromising battery performance and potentially giving rise to safety concerns. Therefore, the high level of safety must be guaranteed to achieve the large-scale application of battery energy storage systems. Here, we present a novel separator design achieved by incorporating a two-dimensional A-type molecular sieve coating onto the polypropylene separator surface, which functions as an effective lithium ion redistribution layer. The results demonstrated that even after undergoing 1000 cycles, the cell equipped with a two-dimensional A-type molecular sieve-Polypropylene (2D-A-PP) separator still maintains an impressive capacity retention rate of 70 %. In contrast, cells equipped with Polypropylene (PP) separators exhibit capacity retention rates below 50 % after only 500 cycles. Additionally, the incorporation of a two-dimensional molecular sieve enhances the mechanical properties of the PP separator, thereby bolstering battery safety. This study proposes a novel concept for the design of lithium-ion battery separator materials, offering a fresh perspective on the development of separators with exceptional thermal stability, enhanced porosity, superior electrolyte affinity, and effective inhibition of lithium dendrite formation.
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There are diverse pathophysiological mechanisms involved in acute kidney injury (AKI). Among them, overactivity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been described. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a tissue RAS enzyme expressed in the apical border of proximal tubules. Given the important role of ACE2 in the metabolism of angiotensin II, this study aimed to characterize kidney and urinary ACE2 in a mouse model of AKI. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) was induced in C57BL/6 mice by clamping of the left renal artery followed by removal of the right kidney. In kidneys harvested 48 h after IRI, immunostaining revealed a striking maldistribution of ACE2 including spillage into the tubular lumen and the presence of ACE2-positive luminal casts in the medulla. In cortical membranes, ACE2 protein and enzymatic activity were both markedly reduced (37 ± 4 vs. 100 ± 6 ACE2/ß-actin, P = 0.0004, and 96 ± 14 vs. 152 ± 6 RFU/µg protein/h, P = 0.006). In urine, full-length membrane-bound ACE2 protein (100 kDa) was markedly increased (1,120 ± 405 vs. 100 ± 46 ACE2/µg creatinine, P = 0.04), and casts stained for ACE2 were recovered in the urine sediment. In conclusion, in AKI caused by IRI, there is a marked loss of ACE2 from the apical tubular border with deposition of ACE2-positive material in the medulla and increased urinary excretion of full-length membrane-bound ACE2 protein. The deficiency of tubular ACE2 in AKI suggests that provision of this enzyme could have therapeutic applications and that its excretion in the urine may also serve as a diagnostic marker of severe proximal tubular injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study provides novel insights into the distribution of kidney ACE2 in a model of AKI by IRI showing a striking detachment of apical ACE2 from proximal tubules and its loss in urine and urine sediment. The observed deficiency of kidney ACE2 protein and enzymatic activity in severe AKI suggests that administration of forms of this enzyme may mitigate AKI and that urinary ACE2 may serve as a potential biomarker for tubular injury.
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Injúria Renal Aguda , Enzima de Conversão de Angiotensina 2 , Rim , Traumatismo por Reperfusão , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Injúria Renal Aguda/urina , Injúria Renal Aguda/patologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/metabolismo , Injúria Renal Aguda/enzimologia , Enzima de Conversão de Angiotensina 2/metabolismo , Enzima de Conversão de Angiotensina 2/urina , Biomarcadores/urina , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Rim/metabolismo , Rim/patologia , Rim/enzimologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/urina , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/metabolismo , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/urina , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/metabolismo , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/patologia , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/enzimologiaRESUMO
Despite the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in treating solid tumors, lots of patients remain unresponsive to this therapy. Microwave ablation (MWA) stimulates systemic adaptive immunity against tumor cells by releasing tumor antigens. Additionally, IL-21 has demonstrated importance in stimulating T-cell effector function. The combination of these three therapies-MWA, IL-21, and anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)-has yet to be explored in the context of cancer treatment.In this study, we explored the impact of thermal ablation on IL-21R expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Subsequently, we assessed alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and peripheral lymphoid organs. Additionally, we conducted a thorough examination of tumor-infiltrating CD45+ immune cells across various treatment groups using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Moreover, we determined the potential anti-tumor effects of the triple combination involving MWA, IL-21, and anti-PD-1 mAbs.Our findings revealed that MWA upregulated the expression of IL-21R on various immune cells in the untreated tumors. The combination of MWA with IL-21 exhibited a robust abscopal anti-tumor effect, enhancing the effector function of CD8+ T cells and facilitating dendritic cells' maturation and antigen presentation in the untreated tumor. Notably, the observed abscopal anti-tumor effect resulting from the combination is contingent upon T-cell recirculation, indicating the reliance of systemic adaptive immunity for this treatment regimen. Additionally, the combination of MWA, IL-21, and PD-1 mAbs demonstrated profound abscopal anti-tumor efficacy. Our findings provide support for further clinical investigation into a triple combination therapy involving MWA, IL-21, and ICIs for the treatment of metastatic cancer.
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Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico , Interleucinas , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1 , Microambiente Tumoral , Interleucinas/metabolismo , Animais , Camundongos , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/farmacologia , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/uso terapêutico , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1/imunologia , Humanos , Microambiente Tumoral/imunologia , Terapia Combinada , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/imunologia , Linfócitos do Interstício Tumoral/metabolismo , Feminino , Neoplasias/imunologia , Neoplasias/terapia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Linhagem Celular TumoralRESUMO
Solid organ transplantation mobilizes myeloid cells, including monocytes and macrophages, which are central protagonists of allograft rejection. However, myeloid cells can also be functionally reprogrammed by perioperative costimulatory blockade to promote a state of transplantation tolerance. Transplantation tolerance holds promise to reduce complications from chronic immunosuppression and promote long-term survival in transplant recipients. We sought to identify different mediators of transplantation tolerance by performing single-cell RNA sequencing of acute rejecting or tolerized cardiac allografts. This led to the unbiased identification of the transcription factor, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α, in a subset of tolerogenic monocytes. Using flow cytometric analyses and mice with conditional loss or gain of function, we uncovered that myeloid cell expression of HIF-2α was required for costimulatory blockade-induced transplantation tolerance. While HIF-2α was dispensable for mobilization of tolerogenic monocytes, which were sourced in part from the spleen, it promoted the expression of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). CSF1R mediates monocyte differentiation into tolerogenic macrophages and was found to be a direct transcriptional target of HIF-2α in splenic monocytes. Administration of the HIF stabilizer, roxadustat, within micelles to target myeloid cells, increased HIF-2α in splenic monocytes, which was associated with increased CSF1R expression and enhanced cardiac allograft survival. These data support further exploration of HIF-2α activation in myeloid cells as a therapeutic strategy for transplantation tolerance.
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Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos , Transplante de Coração , Macrófagos , Monócitos , Tolerância ao Transplante , Animais , Camundongos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/imunologia , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/genética , Tolerância ao Transplante/imunologia , Monócitos/imunologia , Monócitos/metabolismo , Receptores de Fator Estimulador das Colônias de Granulócitos e Macrófagos/metabolismo , Receptores de Fator Estimulador das Colônias de Granulócitos e Macrófagos/genética , Rejeição de Enxerto/imunologia , Rejeição de Enxerto/prevenção & controle , Rejeição de Enxerto/genética , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência de Enxerto/imunologia , Sobrevivência de Enxerto/efeitos dos fármacos , MasculinoRESUMO
Considering the serious electromagnetic wave (EMW) pollution problems and complex application condition, there is a pressing need to amalgamate multiple functionalities within a single substance. However, the effective integration of diverse functions into designed EMW absorption materials still faces the huge challenges. Herein, reduced graphene oxide/carbon foams (RGO/CFs) with two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructures were meticulously engineered and synthesized utilizing an efficient methodology involving freeze-drying, immersing absorption, secondary freeze-drying, followed by carbonization treatment. Thanks to their excellent linkage effect of amplified dielectric loss and optimized impedance matching, the designed 2D/3D RGO/CFs vdWs heterostructures demonstrated commendable EMW absorption performances, achieving a broad absorption bandwidth of 6.2 GHz and a reflection loss of - 50.58 dB with the low matching thicknesses. Furthermore, the obtained 2D/3D RGO/CFs vdWs heterostructures also displayed the significant radar stealth properties, good corrosion resistance performances as well as outstanding thermal insulation capabilities, displaying the great potential in complex and variable environments. Accordingly, this work not only demonstrated a straightforward method for fabricating 2D/3D vdWs heterostructures, but also outlined a powerful mixed-dimensional assembly strategy for engineering multifunctional foams for electromagnetic protection, aerospace and other complex conditions.
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Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is the skin malignancy with the highest mortality rate, and its morbidity rate is on the rise worldwide. Smoking is an independent marker of poor prognosis in melanoma. The α5-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α5-nAChR), one of the receptors for nicotine, is involved in the proliferation, migration and invasion of SKCM cells. Nicotine has been reported to promote the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10), which is the key gene involved in melanoma progression. Here, we explored the link between α5-nAChR and ADAM10 in nicotine-associated cutaneous melanoma. α5-nAChR expression was correlated with ADAM10 expression and lower survival in SKCM. α5-nAChR mediated nicotine-induced ADAM10 expression via STAT3. The α5-nAChR/ADAM10 signaling axis was involved in the stemness and migration of SKCM cells. Furthermore, α5-nAChR expression was associated with ADAM10 expression, EMT marker expression and stemness marker expression in nicotine-related mice homograft tissues. These results suggest the role of the α5-nAChR/ADAM10 signaling pathway in nicotine-induced melanoma progression.
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Proteína ADAM10 , Secretases da Proteína Precursora do Amiloide , Movimento Celular , Progressão da Doença , Melanoma , Proteínas de Membrana , Nicotina , Receptores Nicotínicos , Fator de Transcrição STAT3 , Transdução de Sinais , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Proteína ADAM10/metabolismo , Proteína ADAM10/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias Cutâneas/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Humanos , Animais , Secretases da Proteína Precursora do Amiloide/metabolismo , Secretases da Proteína Precursora do Amiloide/genética , Nicotina/efeitos adversos , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Melanoma/patologia , Melanoma/metabolismo , Melanoma/induzido quimicamente , Camundongos , Receptores Nicotínicos/metabolismo , Receptores Nicotínicos/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Melanoma Maligno Cutâneo , Feminino , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Inadequate generality across different organs and tasks constrains the application of ultrasound (US) image analysis methods in smart healthcare. Building a universal US foundation model holds the potential to address these issues. Nevertheless, the development of such foundation models encounters intrinsic challenges in US analysis, i.e., insufficient databases, low quality, and ineffective features. In this paper, we present a universal US foundation model, named USFM, generalized to diverse tasks and organs towards label efficient US image analysis. First, a large-scale Multi-organ, Multi-center, and Multi-device US database was built, comprehensively containing over two million US images. Organ-balanced sampling was employed for unbiased learning. Then, USFM is self-supervised pre-trained on the sufficient US database. To extract the effective features from low-quality US images, we proposed a spatial-frequency dual masked image modeling method. A productive spatial noise addition-recovery approach was designed to learn meaningful US information robustly, while a novel frequency band-stop masking learning approach was also employed to extract complex, implicit grayscale distribution and textural variations. Extensive experiments were conducted on the various tasks of segmentation, classification, and image enhancement from diverse organs and diseases. Comparisons with representative US image analysis models illustrate the universality and effectiveness of USFM. The label efficiency experiments suggest the USFM obtains robust performance with only 20% annotation, laying the groundwork for the rapid development of US models in clinical practices.
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Ultrassonografia , Humanos , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Algoritmos , Bases de Dados Factuais , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodosRESUMO
Domain shift problem is commonplace for ultrasound image analysis due to difference imaging setting and diverse medical centers, which lead to poor generalizability of deep learning-based methods. Multi-Source Domain Transformation (MSDT) provides a promising way to tackle the performance degeneration caused by the domain shift, which is more practical and challenging compared to conventional single-source transformation tasks. An effective unsupervised domain combination strategy is highly required to handle multiple domains without annotations. Fidelity and quality of generated images are also important to ensure the accuracy of computer-aided diagnosis. However, existing MSDT approaches underperform in above two areas. In this paper, an efficient domain transformation model named M2O-DiffGAN is introduced to achieve a unified mapping from multiple unlabeled source domains to the target domain. A cycle-consistent "many-to-one" adversarial learning architecture is introduced to model various unlabeled domains jointly. A condition adversarial diffusion process is employed to generate images with high-fidelity, combining an adversarial projector to capture reverse transition probabilities over large step sizes for accelerating sampling. Considering the limited perceptual information of ultrasound images, an ultrasound-specific content loss helps to capture more perceptual features for synthesizing high-quality ultrasound images. Massive comparisons on six clinical datasets covering thyroid, carotid and breast demonstrate the superiority of the M2O-DiffGAN in the performance of bridging the domain gaps and enlarging the generalization of downstream analysis methods compared to state-of-the-art algorithms. It improves the mean MI, Bhattacharyya Coefficient, dice and IoU assessments by 0.390, 0.120, 0.245 and 0.250, presenting promising clinical applications.
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Ultrassonografia , Humanos , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Aprendizado Profundo , Algoritmos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodosRESUMO
Vibration signal analysis is an important means for bearing fault diagnosis. Affected by the vibration of other machine parts, external noise and the vibration transmission path, the impulses induced by a bearing defect in the measured vibrations are very weak. Blind deconvolution (BD) methods can counteract the effect of the transmission path and enhance the fault impulses. Most BD methods highlight fault features of the filtered signals by impulse-featured objective functions (OFs). However, residual noise in the filtered signals has not been well tackled. To overcome this problem, a fuzzy entropy-assisted deconvolution (FEAD) method is proposed. First, FEAD takes advantage of the high noise sensitivity of fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) and constructs a weighted FuzzyEn-kurtosis OF to enhance the fault impulses while suppressing noise interference. Then, the PSO algorithm is used to iteratively solve the optimal inverse deconvolution filter. Finally, envelope spectrum analysis is performed on the filtered signal to realize bearing fault diagnosis. The feasibility of FEAD was first verified by the bearing fault simulation signals at constant and variable speeds. The bearing test signals from Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), the railway wheelset and the test bench validated the good performance of FEAD in fault feature enhancement. A comparison with and quantitative results for the other state-of-the-art BD methods indicated the superiority of the proposed method.
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Objective: To introduce a locating device for the entry point of intramedullary nail based on the inertial navigation technology, which utilizes multi-dimensional angle information to assist in rapid and accurate positioning of the ideal direction of femoral anterograde intramedullary nails' entry point, and to verify its clinical value through clinical tests. Methods: After matching the locating module with the developing board, which are the two components of the locating device, they were placed on the skin surface of the proximal femur of the affected side. Anteroposterior fluoroscopy was performed. The developing angle corresponding to the ideal direction of entry point was selected based on the X-ray image, and then the yaw angle of the locating module was reset to zero. After resetting, the locating module was combined with the surgical instrument to guide the insertion angle of the guide wire. The ideal direction of entry point was accurately located based on the angle guidance. By setting up an experimental group and a control group for clinical surgical operations, the number of guide wire insertion times, surgical time, fluoroscopy frequency, and intraoperative blood loss with or without the locating device was recorded. Results: Compared to the control group, the experimental group showed significant improvement in the number of guide wire insertion times, surgical time, fluoroscopy frequency, and intraoperative blood loss, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusion: The locating device can assist doctors in quickly locating the entry point of intramedullary nail, effectively reducing the fluoroscopy frequency and surgical time by improving the success rate of the guide wire insertion with one shot, improving surgical efficiency, and possessing certain clinical value.
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Fixação Intramedular de Fraturas , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador , Humanos , Pinos Ortopédicos , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica , Fluoroscopia/métodos , Fixação Intramedular de Fraturas/métodos , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador/métodosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Remimazolam is a safe and effective new benzodiazepine sedative that has unique advantages in anesthesia induction and maintenance. The differences in the electroencephalogram bispectral index (BIS) during general anesthesia between propofol and remimazolam deserve further exploration. METHODS: Single-center randomized crossover study. Patients who required multiple hysteroscopic surgery were randomly assigned to use remimazolam (0.27 mg/kg for induction and 1 mg/kg/h for maintenance) first and then propofol (2.0 mg/kg for induction and 6 mg/kg/h for maintenance) during hysteroscopic surgery again 3 months later, or in the opposite order. Both drugs were used at the latest ED95 for unconsciousness. The BIS values (primary endpoint), intraoperative conditions, and incidence of adverse reactions (secondary endpoints) were compared at each time point. BIS values were analyzed with a mixed model of repeated measurements (MMRM). RESULTS: Seventeen patients completed the study. The lowest BIS value in the remimazolam regimen was significantly higher than that in the propofol regimen (p = 0.001). The MMRM analysis of the BIS values revealed significant differences between the regimens at each time point (p < 0.001). The intraoperative diastolic blood pressure and heart rate changes were smaller, the recovery was faster, and there were fewer adverse reactions and less injection pain, but a greater incidence of intraoperative body movement and hiccups, in the remimazolam regimen. CONCLUSION: The trial indicated that remimazolam maintained a higher BIS level than propofol. The correlation between the BIS and the depth of anesthesia induced by remimazolam needs to be further studied. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: ChiCTR2200064551.
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Anestesia Geral , Benzodiazepinas , Estudos Cross-Over , Eletroencefalografia , Hipnóticos e Sedativos , Propofol , Humanos , Feminino , Propofol/administração & dosagem , Propofol/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Anestesia Geral/métodos , Benzodiazepinas/administração & dosagem , Benzodiazepinas/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Eletroencefalografia/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/administração & dosagem , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/efeitos adversos , Monitores de Consciência , Anestésicos Intravenosos/administração & dosagem , Anestésicos Intravenosos/efeitos adversos , Histeroscopia/efeitos adversos , Histeroscopia/métodosRESUMO
Aiming at the difficult problem of extracting fault characteristics and the low accuracy of fault diagnosis throughout the full life cycle of rolling bearings, a fault diagnosis method for rolling bearings based on grey relation degree is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the subtraction-average-based optimizer is used to optimize the parameters of the variational mode decomposition algorithm. Secondly, the vibration signals of bearings are decomposed by using the optimized results, and the feature vector of the intrinsic mode function component corresponding to the minimum envelope entropy is extracted. Finally, the grey proximity and similarity relation degree based on standard distance entropy are weighted to calculate the grey comprehensive relation degree between the feature vector of vibration signals and each standard state. By comparing the results, the diagnosis of different fault states and degrees of rolling bearings is realized. The XJTU-SY dataset was used for experimentation, and the results show that the proposed method achieves a diagnostic accuracy of 95.24% and has better diagnosis performance compared to various algorithms. It provides a reference for the fault diagnosis of rolling bearings throughout the full life cycle.
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BACKGROUND: Women have a 3% lifetime chance of developing an inguinal hernia, which is not as common in men. Due to its cosmetic benefits, single-incision laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (SIL-TAPP) inguinal hernia repair is becoming increasingly popular in the management of inguinal hernia in women. However, there are no studies comparing the safety and applicability of SIL-TAPP repair with conventional laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (CL-TAPP) inguinal hernia repair for the treatment of inguinal hernia in women. AIM: To compare the outcomes of SIL-TAPP and CL-TAPP repair in adult female patients with inguinal hernia and to estimate the safety and applicability of SIL-TAPP repair in adult female inguinal hernia patients. METHODS: We retrospectively compared the clinical information and follow-up data of female inguinal hernia patients who underwent SIL-TAPP inguinal hernia repair and those who underwent CL-TAPP inguinal hernia repair at the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from February 2018 to December 2020 and assessed the long-term and short-term outcomes of both cohorts. RESULTS: This study included 123 patients, with 71 undergoing SIL-TAPP repair and 52 undergoing CL-TAPP repair. The two cohorts of patients and inguinal hernia characteristics were similar, with no statistically meaningful difference. The rate of intraoperative inferior epigastric vessel injury was lower in patients in the SIL-TAPP cohort (0, 0%) than in patients in the CL-TAPP cohort (4, 7.7%) and was significantly different (P < 0.05). In addition, the median [interquartile range (IQR)] total hospitalization costs were significantly lower in patients in the SIL-TAPP cohort [$3287 (3218-3325)] than in patients in the CL-TAPP cohort [$3511 (3491-3599)]. Postoperatively, the occurrence rate of trocar site hernia was lower in the SIL-TAPP cohort (0, 0%) than in the CL-TAPP cohort (4, 7.7%), and the median (IQR) cosmetic score was significantly higher in the SIL-TAPP cohort [10 (10-10)] than in the CL-TAPP cohort [9 (9-10)]. CONCLUSION: SIL-TAPP repair did not increase the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications in female inguinal hernia patients. Moreover, female inguinal hernia patients who underwent SIL-TAPP repair had a lower probability of trocar site hernia and inferior epigastric vessel injury than female inguinal hernia patients who underwent CL-TAPP repair. In addition, female inguinal hernia patients who underwent SIL-TAPP repair reported a more aesthetically pleasing postoperative abdominal incision. Therefore, SIL-TAPP repair is a better option for the treatment of inguinal hernias in women.
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PURPOSE: The present study was designed to investigate the precise procedure and effectiveness of percutaneous minimally invasive fixation assisted by TiRobot in managing AO/OTA type 41B2 tibial plateau fracture to provide an alternative solution for clinical application. METHODS: In total, 10 participants with AO/OTA type 41B2 tibial plateau fractures diagnosed by preoperative imaging examinations were enrolled in this study between May 2019 and May 2022. They were 5 males and 5 females, with an average age of 45.6 ± 11.3 years old (range 27-62 years old). All of them had closed fractures, including 6 cases with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tibial insertion avulsion fractures, 1 case with medial collateral ligament (MCL) tear, and 4 cases with a lateral meniscus tear. From injury through surgery, the entire time frame was 4.0 ± 1.5 days (range, 2-7 days). Following indirect percutaneous reduction assisted by TiRobot, the Jail method was used to treat all patients with minimally invasive internal fixation. Patients with ligament or meniscus injurieswere treated with arthroscopic surgery in one stage. The standardized functional exercise was performed postoperatively. The knee function was measured using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score, and the fracture reduction was assessed through the Rasmussen radiology score. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 12.7 ± 6.8 months (6-24 months).The fracture healing time was 11.8 ± 0.8 weeks (10-13 weeks), and the X-rays revealed satisfactory fracture reduction.The knee joint's Rasmussen score was 17.8 ± 0.4 (in the range of 17-18) a year after the procedure, with 8 patients receiving outstanding ratings and 2 cases receiving satisfactory scores. The HSS score was 93.8 ± 2.3 (range, 89 to 96), of which 10 cases were excellent. The motion range of the kneewas 138.7°±2.7° (range, -5° to 0° to 135°). No adverse effects or serious complications, such as internal fixation failure, postoperative infection, popliteal vascular injury, and common peroneal nerve injury, were observed during the last follow-up visit. CONCLUSIONS: The intelligent assistance and accurate guidance of TiRobot can simplify and standardize procedures of percutaneous minimally invasive fixation in theSchatzker type â ¢ tibial plateau fracture treatment. This technique increases the precision of indirect percutaneous reduction and screw fixation while minimizing bone grafting.
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Parafusos Ósseos , Fixação Interna de Fraturas , Fraturas do Planalto Tibial , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/instrumentação , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Fraturas do Planalto Tibial/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Malignant melanoma is the leading cause of skin cancer-related death, with high malignancy and rapid progression. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) are extracted from the roots of Paeonia Lactiflora Pall and are widely used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and adjuvant therapy of tumor chemotherapy. METHODS: In the present research, M14 and A375 cells were treated with TGP. CCK8, transwell and western blotting were performed to analyze the effect of TGP on cell function. RESULTS: TGP treatment impeded the proliferation and migration and activated the apoptosis pathway in melanoma cells. Importantly, TGP induced the degradation of α5-nAChR. Overexpression of α5-nAChR inhibited the anti-cancer effect of TGP. In addition, TGP treatment released cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction in melanoma cells. TGP also inhibited the phosphorylation of P38-MAPK, and P38-MAPK inhibitor reduced the promoting effect of α5-nAChR in cell proliferation and migration. CONCLUSION: TGP inhibited cell viability and migration and induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis by promoting the degradation of α5-nAChR in melanoma cells. This research provided a potential therapeutic anti-cancer drug for treatment strategies of melanoma.
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Fetoscopy laser photocoagulation is a widely adopted procedure for treating Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS). The procedure involves photocoagulation pathological anastomoses to restore a physiological blood exchange among twins. The procedure is particularly challenging, from the surgeon's side, due to the limited field of view, poor manoeuvrability of the fetoscope, poor visibility due to amniotic fluid turbidity, and variability in illumination. These challenges may lead to increased surgery time and incomplete ablation of pathological anastomoses, resulting in persistent TTTS. Computer-assisted intervention (CAI) can provide TTTS surgeons with decision support and context awareness by identifying key structures in the scene and expanding the fetoscopic field of view through video mosaicking. Research in this domain has been hampered by the lack of high-quality data to design, develop and test CAI algorithms. Through the Fetoscopic Placental Vessel Segmentation and Registration (FetReg2021) challenge, which was organized as part of the MICCAI2021 Endoscopic Vision (EndoVis) challenge, we released the first large-scale multi-center TTTS dataset for the development of generalized and robust semantic segmentation and video mosaicking algorithms with a focus on creating drift-free mosaics from long duration fetoscopy videos. For this challenge, we released a dataset of 2060 images, pixel-annotated for vessels, tool, fetus and background classes, from 18 in-vivo TTTS fetoscopy procedures and 18 short video clips of an average length of 411 frames for developing placental scene segmentation and frame registration for mosaicking techniques. Seven teams participated in this challenge and their model performance was assessed on an unseen test dataset of 658 pixel-annotated images from 6 fetoscopic procedures and 6 short clips. For the segmentation task, overall baseline performed was the top performing (aggregated mIoU of 0.6763) and was the best on the vessel class (mIoU of 0.5817) while team RREB was the best on the tool (mIoU of 0.6335) and fetus (mIoU of 0.5178) classes. For the registration task, overall the baseline performed better than team SANO with an overall mean 5-frame SSIM of 0.9348. Qualitatively, it was observed that team SANO performed better in planar scenarios, while baseline was better in non-planner scenarios. The detailed analysis showed that no single team outperformed on all 6 test fetoscopic videos. The challenge provided an opportunity to create generalized solutions for fetoscopic scene understanding and mosaicking. In this paper, we present the findings of the FetReg2021 challenge, alongside reporting a detailed literature review for CAI in TTTS fetoscopy. Through this challenge, its analysis and the release of multi-center fetoscopic data, we provide a benchmark for future research in this field.
Assuntos
Transfusão Feto-Fetal , Placenta , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Algoritmos , Transfusão Feto-Fetal/diagnóstico por imagem , Transfusão Feto-Fetal/cirurgia , Transfusão Feto-Fetal/patologia , Fetoscopia/métodos , Feto , Placenta/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Background: Blended learning has proven to be an effective teaching strategy. During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, educational institutions worldwide switched to online learning. However, there is limited research on the effectiveness of blended learning and fully online learning. This study aims to evaluate and compare whether pure online learning is as effective as traditional blended learning by taking the example of dermatology education. Methods: The researchers compared traditional blended learning and fully online learning by evaluating the achievement scores of undergraduate students in a dermatology course in the academic years 2019 and 2020, respectively, at the Shandong First Medical University, China. In 2019, students undertook small private online courses (SPOCs) combined with face-to-face teacher-led learning. In 2020, live teacher-led learning replaced face-to-face teacher-led learning. The researchers also conducted a questionnaire survey in 2020. Results: The scores of students in 2019 were significantly higher than in 2020 (p = 0.002). There was no significant difference in the distribution of achievement variance in the scores between the two academic years. In the questionnaire survey, the majority of the students rated highly the fully online education mode and responded that pure online learning enhanced their self-study ability. Conclusion: The present study shows that fully online learning currently does not perform as well as traditional blended learning in terms of examination scores due to some limitations. However, pure online education has several advantages over traditional blended education. Online courses should be improved to ignite students' interest and increase their learning efficiency.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Research suggests that lowering maternal morbidities associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can be achieved with earlier risk group identification. AIMS: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine potential markers for identifying first-trimester pregnant women who are at high risk for developing GDM. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study. The pertinent maternal clinical data were retrieved prior to 13+6 weeks of gestation, and a binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential GDM predictors. The predictive accuracy was evaluated using the area below the receiver operating characteristics curves. RESULTS: In comparison to the control group, the GDM group had significantly higher mean values for age, body mass index (BMI), mean fasting blood glucose (FBG), and hemoglobin (p < 0.05). The Pearson's correlation coefficients indicated that the first-trimester FBG was significantly positively correlated with the second-trimester FBG. Higher FBG and BMI values were associated with an increased risk of developing GDM (odds ratio [OR] = 3.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.03-4.55 and OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.12-1.25). In terms of predicting GDM, the FBG parameter demonstrated the greatest area under the curve values (0.66), followed by the BMI parameter (0.69). For GDM prediction, the cut-off value for FBG was 4.32 mM, whereas that for BMI was 23.7 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS: The first-trimester FBG and BMI could be utilized to predict gestational diabetes.
RESUMO
The phytohormone gibberellic acids (GAs) play a crucial role in the processes of growth, organ development, and secondary metabolism. However, the mechanism of exogenous GA3 regulating the growth and flavonoid synthesis in Phellodendron chinense Schneid (P. chinense Schneid) seedlings remains unclear. In this study, the physicochemical properties, gene expression level, and secondary metabolite of P. chinense Schneid seedlings under GA3 treatment were investigated. The results showed that GA3 significantly improved the plant height, ground diameter, fresh weight, chlorophyll content, soluble substance content, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activities. This was accompanied by elevated relative expression levels of Pc(S)-GA2ox, Pc(S)-DELLA, Pc(S)-SAUR50, Pc(S)-PsaD, Pc(S)-Psb 27, Pc(S)-PGK, Pc(S)-CER3, and Pc(S)-FBA unigenes. Conversely, a notable reduction was observed in the carotenoid content, catalase activity and the relative expression abundances of Pc(S)-KAO, Pc(S)-GID1/2, and Pc(S)-GH 3.6 unigenes in leaves of P. chinense Schneid seedlings (p < 0.05). Furthermore, GA3 evidently decreased the contents of pinocembrin, pinobanksin, isosakuranetin, naringin, naringenin, (-)-epicatechin, tricetin, luteolin, and vitexin belonged to flavonoid in stem bark of P. chinense Schneid seedlings (p < 0.05). These results indicated that exogenous GA3 promoted growth through improving chlorophyll content and gene expression in photosynthesis and phytohormone signal pathway and inhibited flavonoid synthesis in P. chinense Schneid seedlings.