Emergent Dynamics of Artificial Spin-Ice Lattice Based on an Ultrathin Ferromagnet.

We present high-frequency dynamics of magnetic nanostructure lattices, fabricated in the form of "artificial spin-ice", that possess magnetically frustrated states. Dynamics of such structures feature multiple resonance excitation that reveals rich and intriguing microwave characteristics, which are highly dependent on field-cycle history. Geometrical parameters such as dimensions and ferromagnetic layer thickness, which control the interplay of different demagnetizing factors, are found to play a pivotal role in governing the dynamics. Our findings are highlighted by the evolution of unique excitations pertaining to magnetic frustration, which are well supported by static magnetometry studies and micromagnetic simulations.

[Analysis of infrared spectroscopy of ginsengs by support vector machine and wavelet transform].

In the present study, 40 samples of ginsengs (20 samples from Jian and 20 samples from Fushun) were surveyed by Fourier transform infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Meanwhile, in order to eliminate the spectral differences from the baseline drifts, the original ginseng spectra were processed using first derivative method. To avoid enhancing the noise resulting from the derivative the spectra were smoothed. This smoothing was done by using the Savitzky-Golay algorithm, a moving window averaging method. Artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM) as the new pattern recognition technology, and wavelet transform (WT) were applied. Firstly, the spectrum variables of infrared spectroscopy were compressed through the WT technology before the models were established, in order to reduce the time in establishing models. Then, the identification models of cultivation area of ginsengs were studied comparatively by the use of ANN and SVM methods. The corresponding important parameters of models were also discussed in detail, including the parameters of wavelet compressing and training parameters of ANN and SVM models. The simulation experiment indicated that the ANN model can carry on the distinction among 40 samples of ginsengs from Jilin, and the accuracy rate of identification was 92.5%. The radial basis function (RBF) SVM classifiers and the polynomial SVM classifiers were studied comparatively in this experiment. The best experimental results were obtained using RBF SVM classifier with sigma = 0.6, and the accuracy rate of identification was 97.5%. Finally, compared with ANN approach, SVM algorithm showed its excellent generalization for identification results while the number of samples was smaller. The overall results show that IR spectroscopy combined with SVM and WT technology can be efficiently utilized for rapid and simple identification of the cultivation area of ginsengs, and thus provides the certain technology support and the foundation for further researching ginseng and other IR applications.

catena-Poly[[[triaqua-(4,5-diaza-fluorene-9-one)cadmium]-µ-benzene-1,3-dicarboxyl-ato] dihydrate].

In the title compound, {[Cd(C(8)H(4)O(4))(C(11)H(6)N(2)O)(H(2)O)(3)]·2H(2)O}(n), the Cd(II) atom is seven-coordinated by two N atoms from the phenanthroline-derived 4,5-diaza-fluorene-9-one ligand, two O atoms from one bidentate benzene-1,3-dicarboxyl-ate ligand and three O atoms from the three water mol-ecules in a distorted penta-gonal-bipyramidal arrangement. Moreover, there are two dissociative water mol-ecules in each unit. Neighbouring units inter-act through π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distances = 3.325 (3) and 3.358 (4) Å] and O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding, resulting in a two-dimensional network extending parallel to (001).

Difluoridodioxido(1,10-phenanthroline)molybdenum(VI).

The title compound, [MoF(2)O(2)(C(12)H(8)N(2))], has non-crystallographic mirror symmetry. The Mo(VI) atom shows a distorted octa-hedral environment, with the phenanthroline N atoms and the two oxide groups forming the equatorial plane and the F atoms occupying the apical positions. Weak C-H⋯O and C-H⋯F hydrogen-bonding contacts and π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.662 (1) Å] connect the complex mol-ecules into a three-dimensional supra-molecular framework.

[Infrared spectroscopy of epimedium brevicornum based on artificial neural network].

Regarding raw drugs of the different habitat and the different cultivation condition, its treatment efficacy is different. This is because they contain different chemical composition and different ingredients content proportion, which causes the difference in their infrared spectra. But these differences are extremely slight, and purely differentiating their characteristics from the infrared spectra is extremely difficult. In the present paper, the samples of epimedium brevicornu from different fields of Jilin province were surveyed by Fourier transform infrared (IR) spectra, and the corresponding pretreatment to the spectra data was carried out. Before establishing model through the artificial neural networks, in order to enhance the training speed of the ANN, the spectra variables were compressed through the wavelet transformation, and the parameters of the ANN model were also discussed in detail. The model can distinguish the producing area of the 42 samples of epimedium brevicornum correctly, avoiding the separation and drawing of raw drugs with traditional spectroscopy analysis at the same time, thus offer an effectively and reliable basis for the quality controls and modernized management of Chinese medicine.

catena-Poly[[(dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine)cobalt(II)]-µ-biphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxyl-ato].

In the title compound, [Co(C(14)H(8)O(4))(C(18)H(10)N(4))](n), the Co(II) atom is six-coordinated by four O atoms from two different biphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxyl-ate ligands and two N atoms from the bidentate dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine ligand in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. The Co(II) atoms are bridged by the biphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxyl-ate ligands to form a one-dimensional chain structure. π-π inter-actions between neighbouring chains result in a two-dimensional supra-molecular network (centroid-to-centroid separation = 3.381 Å).

[Identification of Epimedium Koreanum Nakai by Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy].

The herbal plant Epimedium Koreanum Nakai is a native herb growing in the Changbai Mountain region, Jilin province of China, and is used as a tonic, anti-rheumatic and aphrodisiac in traditional Chinese medicine. The analytical method existing for the identification of Epimedium Koreanum Nakai is time-consuming, and can not be used for fast, in situ and nondestructive analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to identify wilding and planting Epimedium Koreanum Nakai. The spectra of 18 samples were analyzed. They show some differences in the intensity and the shape of absorption peaks in the range of 1,800-1,200 cm(-1). The absorption intensity of the spectra changed regularly with the producing area. So FTIR spectra could be used for the identification of Epimedium koreanum Nakai.