RESUMO
The causative agents of leprosy are Mycobacterium leprae and M. lepromatosis. Mycobacterium lepromatosis was found in 2008 to cause diffuse lepromatous leprosy in Mexican patients. This study aimed to identify M. leprae and M. lepromatosis in paraffin-embedded skin samples from Caribbean patients with leprosy. A total of six skin samples were obtained from the Dominican Republic. All cases presented the multibacillary form; five were nodular lepromatous leprosy, and one was borderline lepromatous leprosy. All patients received multidrug therapy. Molecular identification was achieved using the M. leprae-specific repetitive element for M. leprae and the hemN gene for M. lepromatosis. Mycobacterium leprae was identified in two lepromatous leprosy cases, and one borderline lepromatous leprosy case; M. lepromatosis was found in one nodular lepromatous leprosy case. Both Mycobacterium species were present in two nodular lepromatous leprosy cases. This is the first report of M. lepromatosis in the Dominican Republic.
Assuntos
Hanseníase Virchowiana , Hanseníase , República Dominicana , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Hansenostáticos/uso terapêutico , Mycobacterium , Mycobacterium leprae/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Condylomas are the most frequent sexually transmitted infection worldwide, and thus, have a close relation to HIV infection. The site and serology vary, and some pose higher risk of malignancy. AIM: To describe the prevalence, characteristics and associated factors to the presence of anogenital condylomas in patients with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the period from June to December 2014. Adult HIV/AIDS positive patients from "CAPASITS" in Leon, Mexico, from both sexes were included. A questionnaire was performed that included: identification data, and risk factors related to anogenital condylomas. Anogenital area was examined for condylomas. Descriptive statistics were carried out according to the type and distribution of the variables, and the CD4 lymphocyte medians of patients with and without condylomas were compared using U- Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: A total of 213 HIV/AIDS patients were included; 181 (85%) were male. The prevalence of anogenital condylomas was 30% (IC95%: 23-36%), predominating in the anal region, observed in 21% of the cases. A significant difference was found between median CD4 cell count of patients with and without condylomas (425 vs 510 CD4/mL, p= 0.034). CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of patients with anogenital condylomas was obtained. The presence of condylomas was higher in patients with lower CD4 count. Considering the high prevalence, the application of the vaccine is recommended in this patient group.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , PrevalênciaRESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN: Los condilomas son la infección de transmisión sexual más frecuente en el mundo y tiene estrecha relación con la infección por VIH. La topografía y la serología son variables, y algunos presentan mayor riesgo de malignización. OBJETIVO: Describir la prevalencia, características clínicas, topográficas y factores asociados a la presencia de condilomas ano-genitales en pacientes con infección por VIH/SIDA en Guanajuato. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo y transversal realizado entre junio y diciembre de 2014. Se incluyeron pacientes adultos con infección por VIH/SIDA, de ambos sexos, del CAPASITS León, México. Se aplicó un cuestionario que incluyó: datos de identificación, y factores de riesgo relacionados a los condilomas ano-genitales, y se les revisó dicha región corporal en busca de condilomas. Se realizó estadística descriptiva de acuerdo al tipo y distribución de las variables y se compararon las medianas de linfocitos T CD4 (LTCD4+) de los pacientes, con y sin condilomas, con la prueba U- Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 213 pacientes con infección por VIH/SIDA, 181 (85%) hombres. La prevalencia de condilomas ano-genitales fue de 30% (IC95%:23-36%), con mayor frecuencia en la región anal, con 21% de los casos. Encontramos una diferencia significativa entre las medianas en el recuento de linfocitos LTCD4+ en los pacientes, con y sin condilomas, (425 vs 510 LTCD4+/mL, p = 0,034). CONCLUSIONES: Se obtuvo una prevalencia alta de pacientes con condilomas ano-genitales. La presencia de condilomas fue mayor en pacientes con menor recuento de linfocitos LTCD4+. Considerando la elevada prevalencia, se recomienda la aplicación de la vacuna en este grupo de pacientes.
BACKGROUND: Condylomas are the most frequent sexually transmitted infection worldwide, and thus, have a close relation to HIV infection. The site and serology vary, and some pose higher risk of malignancy. AIM: To describe the prevalence, characteristics and associated factors to the presence of anogenital condylomas in patients with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the period from June to December 2014. Adult HIV/AIDS positive patients from "CAPASITS" in Leon, Mexico, from both sexes were included. A questionnaire was performed that included: identification data, and risk factors related to anogenital condylomas. Anogenital area was examined for condylomas. Descriptive statistics were carried out according to the type and distribution of the variables, and the CD4 lymphocyte medians of patients with and without condylomas were compared using U- Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: A total of 213 HIV/AIDS patients were included; 181 (85%) were male. The prevalence of anogenital condylomas was 30% (IC95%: 23-36%), predominating in the anal region, observed in 21% of the cases. A significant difference was found between median CD4 cell count of patients with and without condylomas (425 vs 510 CD4/mL, p= 0.034). CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of patients with anogenital condylomas was obtained. The presence of condylomas was higher in patients with lower CD4 count. Considering the high prevalence, the application of the vaccine is recommended in this patient group.