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Biomed Pharmacother ; 66(2): 151-8, 2012 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22285105

RESUMO

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine-related cancer with increasing incidences during the last five years. Interestingly, according to the American Thyroid Association, the incidences of thyroid proliferative diseases occur four to five times more in women than in men with the risk of developing thyroid disorders being one in every eight females. Several epidemiological studies have suggested a possible correlation between incidences of thyroid malignancies and hormones but the precise contribution of estrogen in thyroid proliferative disease initiation, and progression is not well understood. This review is an attempt to define the phenotypic and genotypic modulatory effects of estrogen on thyroid proliferative diseases. The significance and relevance of expression of estrogen receptors, α and ß, in normal and malignant thyroid tissues and their effects on different molecular pathways involved in growth and function of the thyroid gland are discussed. These novel findings open up areas of developing alternative therapeutic treatments and preventive approaches which employ the use of antiestrogen to treat thyroid malignancies.


Assuntos
Moduladores de Receptor Estrogênico/uso terapêutico , Estrogênios/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Animais , Progressão da Doença , Moduladores de Receptor Estrogênico/farmacologia , Receptor alfa de Estrogênio/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptor alfa de Estrogênio/genética , Receptor beta de Estrogênio/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptor beta de Estrogênio/genética , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/epidemiologia , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/epidemiologia
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