Functional Analysis and Molecular Docking studies of Medicinal Compounds for AChE and BChE in Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase share unravelling link with components of metabolic syndromes that's characterised by low levels of HDL cholesterol, obesity, high fast aldohexose levels, hyper-trigliceridaemia and high blood pressure, by regulation of cholinergic transmission and therefore the enzyme activity within a living system. The phosphomotifs associated with amino acid and tyrosine binding motifs in AChE and BChE were known to be common. Phylogenetic tree was constructed to these proteins usinf UPGMA and Maximum Likelihood methods in MEGA software has shown interaction of AChE and BChE with ageing diseases like Alzheimer's disease and Diabetes. AChE has shown closely related to BChE, retinol dehydrogenase and ß-polypeptide. The present studies is also accomplished that AChE, BChE, COLQ, HAND1, APP, NLGN2 and NGF proteins has interactions with diseases such as Alzheimer's and D2M using Pathwaylinker and STRING. Medicinal compounds like Ortho-7, Dibucaine and HI-6 are predicted as good targets for modeled AChE and BChE proteins based on docking studies. Hence perceptive studies of cholinesterase structure and the biological mechanisms of inhibition are necessary for effective drug development.

Towards an understating of signal transduction protein interaction networks.

Protein network analysis has witnessed a number of advancements in the past for understanding molecular characteristics for important network topologies in biological systems. The signaling pathway regulates cell cycle progression and anti-apoptotic molecules. This pathway is also involved in maintaining cell survival by modulating the activity of apoptosis through RAS, P13K, AKT and BAD activities. The importance of protein-protein interactions to improve usability of the interactome by scoring and ranking interaction data for proteins in signal transduction networks is illustrated using available data and resources.

Understanding mechanism of in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture of sheep embryoes through in silico analysis.

Protein interations are presently required to understand the mechanisms of in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture of sheep embryoes through in silico analysis. The present work has been conducted on TCM-199 supplemented with epidermal growth factor (EGF), fetal bovine serum (FBS) or wheat peptones The maturation rate of oocyte was significantly higher in the FBS supplemented group when compared with BSA and wheat peptone supplemented groups. The in silico protein interaction studies has shown that the proteins EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), CCK (cholecystokinin)- a peptide hormone, Alb - a serum albumin, ESR- estrogen receptor 1, TGFA- transforming growth factor, STAT- signal transducer and FN1- fibronectin 1 has direct interaction and produces cell growth in in vitro culture. Alb is directly activates EGF and promotes MAPK3 that mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion and proliferation. Alb may also involve in stress response signalling and may be in cell cycle control.

In Silico Docking of HNF-1a Receptor Ligands.

Background. HNF-1a is a transcription factor that regulates glucose metabolism by expression in various tissues. Aim. To dock potential ligands of HNF-1a using docking software in silico. Methods. We performed in silico studies using HNF-1a protein 2GYP·pdb and the following softwares: ISIS/Draw 2.5SP4, ARGUSLAB 4.0.1, and HEX5.1. Observations. The docking distances (in angstrom units: 1 angstrom unit (Å) = 0.1 nanometer or 1 × 10(-10) metres) with ligands in decreasing order are as follows: resveratrol (3.8 Å), aspirin (4.5 Å), stearic acid (4.9 Å), retinol (6.0 Å), nitrazepam (6.8 Å), ibuprofen (7.9 Å), azulfidine (9.0 Å), simvastatin (9.0 Å), elaidic acid (10.1 Å), and oleic acid (11.6 Å). Conclusion. HNF-1a domain interacted most closely with resveratrol and aspirin.