Immunological and central nervous system changes in mice suffering from Staphyloccocus aureus and treated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. vini living cells.

The influence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. vini viable cells on the Staphylococcus aureus-suffering mice was ascertained: (1) effect of S. aureus living cells on antibacterial and antitoxic antibodies, (2) effect of S. aureus on the number of neurons and macroglial cells in different areas of mouse hippocampus, (3) effect of S. cerevisiae var. vini viable cells on the above-mentioned changes of immune and nervous system. Treatment with S. cerevisiae var. vini provokes immune stimulation and change of the total number of macroglial elements in the CA1 field of hippocampus.

[Use of polypeptide growth factors for the acceleration of vascular prosthesis healing]. / Ispol'zovanie polipeptidnykh faktorov rosta dlia uskoreniia prizhivleniia sosudistykh protezov.

The authors describe results of experimental investigations proving the possibility to use polypeptide growth factors from the brain of animals for the stimulation of neogenesis of the vascular wall cells. The method was used for plasty of the vessels with biological and artificial prostheses. Patency of the prostheses in experiment was noted in observations during 180 days.

[DNA structure in the particles of 5 bacteriophages from the data of circular dichroism]. / Struktura DNK v chastitsakh piati bakteriofagov po dannym krugovogo dikhroizma.

DNA optical activities in situ were studied in the particles of five medium sized bacteriophages (SB1, F15; IRA, SD and T7). Delta epsilon in the CD spectrum of intraphage DNA is not shown to correlate with the sizes of phage heads or with the light scattering characteristics of phage suspension. Bacteriophage SB1, studied for the first time, has the amplitude of CD spectrum in the 260-300 nm region higher, than the CD spectrum of its free phage DNA. CD magnitude in the 260-300 nm region is different for varying phages while the red shift of the positive band in the CD spectrum takes place for all phages studied. The dense packing of DNA is suggested to be a common factor for the red shift being observed for all phages. The different delta epsilon in the 260-300 nm region might reflect the different nature in changes of helical DNA geometry inside phage particles as compared with the changes in solutions. The increase in melting temperatures for intraphage DNA as compared with the temperature for free DNA was not shown to correlate with the CD spectrum difference of intraphage DNAs. This property of intraphage DNAs is supposed to be connected with the dense packing of DNA in bacteriophage deoxyribonucleoprotein.

[Two types of structural organization of double-stranded DNA in phage particles]. / Dva tipa strukturnoi organizatsii dvuspiral'noi DNK v sostave fagovykh chastits.

Structural arrangement of linear unmodified duplex DNA in phage particles FI5 and SB1 was studied by the techniques of absorption spectrum, CD, scanning microcalorimetry. Hyperchromism is not registered for SB1 DNA in situ at 260 nm, in contrast to FI5 and other phages, but is visible at 260-290 nm. Phage SB1 had an unusual CD spectrum: intensity of the positive band at 280 nm was, practically, identical to the free SB1 DNA intensity. However, the character of SB1 DNA in situ melting in 1.5% HCHO corresponds to FI5 (and other phages) melting in situ in the presence of HCHO. Analysis of these spectral studies and calorimetry permitted one to identify the peaks on the thermograms of phages FI5 and SB1. Variability of heat capacity in the zone of phage particles destruction is supposed to be connected with DNA rearrangements.

[New type of DNA structural organization in the composition of bacteriophage Sb-1 particles]. / Novyi tip strukturnoi organizatsii DNK v sostave chastits bakteriofaga Sb-1.

Spectrophotometric melting and chemical modification procedures were used for comparative study of parameters of DNA structure in particles of phages Sb-1 and FI-5 possessing spherical symmetry of the heads. Like in other phages of this morphological group, some part of DNA structure in FI-5 phage particles is disarrayed and has changed reactive capacity of basic aminogroups. Another type of DNA structural organization in situ was found with staphylococcal phage Sb-1. According to the results of melting process and pattern of interaction with 4.5% formaldehyde, DNA in particles of this phage throughout had base stacking. Basic aminogroups of DNA in situ are most likely completely involved in intramolecular complementary interactions and are not subjected to oximethylation under reaction conditions.

[Characteristics of the primary and secondary DNA structure of staphylococcal phage SB-1]. / Kharakteristika pervichnoi i vtorichnoi struktury DNK stafilokokkovogo faga SB-1.

Equilibrium centrifugation, spectral analysis of thermal denaturation and direct chemical determinations showed staphylococcal phage Sb-I DNA to be characterized by a standard set of nitric bases (28.5 mol.2./% G-C). No abnormal bases or other extracomponents were found. From the differential spectral analysis of melting interval it is concluded that G-C pairs are distributed along DNA molecule in a Gauss type. Spectrophotometric and thermodynamic parameters of melting show phage Sv-I DNA to have a typical double-stranded structure. DNA is characterized by enthalpies of conformational transitions of spiral=glome delta H=11.4 cal/g and delta H = 9.7 cal/g for 1 x SSC and 0.1 x SSC diluents, respectively.