RESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate whether cerebral oxygenation of the prefrontal cortex and associative-dissociative focus while completing the task mediate changes in cognition during exercise. Seventy-five young college-aged adults participated in this within-subjects randomized cross-over two-arm experimental design. During each session, participants completed a Stroop task four separate times: at baseline, two times during the exercise session, and at post-test. The experimental arm session involved participants cycling first at a moderate intensity, followed by cycling at a vigorous intensity. The active control arm session involved participants cycling at a very light intensity to ensure any effects were attributable to the level of exertion rather than the control of motor coordination. Cerebral oxygenation of the prefrontal cortex was assessed using fNIRS, while associate-dissociate attention was assessed using a self-report scale to provide insight into two hypothesized mechanisms which may contribute to alterations in cognition during exercise. Replicating well-established findings, results showed that during vigorous-intensity exercise, accuracy rates decreased for the most cognitively demanding conditions of the Stroop task, while reaction times were generally shorter compared to baseline. Neither shifting of attention in response to the dual-task nor prefrontal cortex oxygenation were observed to mediate cognitive deficits associated with vigorous exercise.
RESUMO
This study describes a modified atomic layer deposition (ALD) process for fabricating BiOxSey thin films, targeting their application as high-k dielectrics in semiconductor devices, especially for two-dimensional semiconductors. Using an intermediate-enhanced ALD technique for Bi2Se3 and a plasma-enhanced ALD process for Bi2O3, a method for the sequential deposition of Bi2SeO5 ternary films has been established. The thin film has been deposited on SiO2 and TiN substrates, exhibiting growth rates of 0.17 to 0.16 nm·cycle-1 without an incubation period, thanks to facile nucleation characteristics. The resulting film exhibited high flatness and reached 96% of its theoretical density, forming a uniform nanocrystalline structure. Electrical evaluations using metal-insulator-metal capacitors indicated the dielectric constant (â¼17.6) and electrical breakdown strength (2.6 MV·cm-1), demonstrating their potential as a dielectric layer.
RESUMO
Synthesis of high-entropy oxide (HEO) nanocrystals has focused on increasing the temperature in the entropy term (T(ΔS)) to overcome the enthalpy term. However, these high temperatures lead to large, polydisperse nanocrystals. In this work, we leverage the low solubility product (Ksp) of metal oxides and optimize the Lewis-acid-catalyzed esterification reaction for equal rate production of the cation monomers to synthesize HEO nanocrystals at low temperatures, producing the smallest (<4 nm) and most monodisperse (<15% size dispersity) HEOs to date. We apply these HEO nanocrystals as electrocatalysts, exhibiting promising activity toward the oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline media, with an overpotential of 345 mV at 10 mA/cm2.
RESUMO
Purpose: With the popularity of recreational activities, the study aimed to develop prediction models for recreational activity participation and explore the key factors affecting participation in recreational activities. Methods: A total of 12,712 participants, excluding individuals under 20, were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2018. The mean age of the sample was 46.86 years (±16.97), with a gender distribution of 6,721 males and 5,991 females. The variables included demographic, physical-related variables, and lifestyle variables. This study developed 42 prediction models using six machine learning methods, including logistic regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), decision tree, random forest, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM). The relative importance of each variable was evaluated by permutation feature importance. Results: The results illustrated that the LightGBM was the most effective algorithm for predicting recreational activity participation (accuracy: .838, precision: .783, recall: .967, F1-score: .865, AUC: .826). In particular, prediction performance increased when the demographic and lifestyle datasets were used together. Next, as the result of the permutation feature importance based on the top models, education level and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were found to be essential variables. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated the potential of a data-driven approach utilizing machine learning in a recreational discipline. Furthermore, this study interpreted the prediction model through feature importance analysis to overcome the limitation of machine learning interpretability.
RESUMO
This study aimed to measure the pooled estimate of willingness to use HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) (WTUP) among PrEP-naïve United States (U.S.)-based men who have sex with men (MSM). PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched. The search strategy contained the keyword willingness and interest and the MeSH terms for HIV and PrEP. Articles were included if they were published between January 2005 and May 2022, reported quantitative data on WTUP among PrEP-naïve US-based MSM, and were available as full text in English. Meta-analysis was conducted to assess the pooled effect size of WTUP prevalence using a random-effects model, heterogeneity in the pooled estimate was assessed, and subgroup analyzes were conducted. Fifteen studies were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis revealed a pooled prevalence proportion for WTUP of 0.58 (95% CI 0.54-0.61) (or 58 out of 100) among PrEP-naïve MSM. High inter-study heterogeneity (Q = 548.10, df = 19, p < 0.01, I2 = 96.53, τ2 = 0.09) was observed. Age of the study sample and region where the data were collected significantly moderated the pooled WTUP estimate. Age-appropriate PrEP related messaging and a focus on HIV priority areas of the U.S. would be important strategies to improve WTUP among MSM in the U.S. moving forward.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV , Homossexualidade Masculina , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Profilaxia Pré-Exposição , Humanos , Masculino , Profilaxia Pré-Exposição/estatística & dados numéricos , Homossexualidade Masculina/psicologia , Homossexualidade Masculina/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/psicologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em SaúdeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Community pharmacies are ideal venues for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery. Pharmacists and pharmacy-based PrEP delivery programs have the potential to improve access. OBJECTIVES: This study elicited preferences for attributes of a hypothetical community pharmacy-based PrEP delivery program among US men who have sex with men (MSM) and assessed predictors of their preferences. METHODS: Data were collected via a cross-sectional anonymous survey of US MSM, who were aged 18-65 years, not transgender, reported HIV status negative/unknown, and PrEP eligible. A discrete choice experiment was conducted with seven attributes of a pharmacy-based PrEP program: initial PrEP eligibility screening mode, location for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tests, timing for HIV test results, PrEP decision-making style, location of PrEP consultations, PrEP medication fill method, and mode for ongoing monitoring. Latent class analysis was performed to analyze preference heterogeneity. Multinomial logistic regression assessed predictors of latent class membership. RESULTS: This study included 390 MSM. Time to receive HIV test results was the most important attribute; receiving results on the same day had the highest preference. The next most important attribute was PrEP screening mode; online questionnaires were the most preferred. Respondents' preferences clustered into four classes: 1) "Same day results and online monitoring" (SDROM) group (63.1%), 2) "Consumerist decision-making" (CDM) group (16.2%), 3) "Self-screening (online questionnaire)" (SOQ) group (11.3%), and 4) "Same day results preferring" (SDRP) group (9.5%). Hispanic MSM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] =0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.12-0.84], P = 0.020), MSM of other races (aOR=0.38, 95% CI [0.15-0.97], P = 0.044) vs. White MSM; and those having a sexually transmitted disease recently (aOR=0.37, 95% CI [0.16-0.85], P = 0.018), had lower odds of being in the CDM group vs. the SDROM group. CONCLUSIONS: MSM's preferences for a pharmacy-based PrEP program are heterogeneous. Same day results for HIV tests and online PrEP screening are key components when designing a community pharmacy-based PrEP program.
RESUMO
The advanced patterning process is the basis of integration technology to realize the development of next-generation high-speed, low-power consumption devices. Recently, area-selective atomic layer deposition (AS-ALD), which allows the direct deposition of target materials on the desired area using a deposition barrier, has emerged as an alternative patterning process. However, the AS-ALD process remains challenging to use for the improvement of patterning resolution and selectivity. In this study, we report a superlattice-based AS-ALD (SAS-ALD) process using a two-dimensional (2D) MoS2-MoSe2 lateral superlattice as a pre-defining template. We achieved a minimum half pitch size of a sub-10 nm scale for the resulting AS-ALD on the 2D superlattice template by controlling the duration time of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) precursors. SAS-ALD introduces a mechanism that enables selectivity through the adsorption and diffusion processes of ALD precursors, distinctly different from conventional AS-ALD method. This technique facilitates selective deposition even on small pattern sizes and is compatible with the use of highly reactive precursors like trimethyl aluminum. Moreover, it allows for the selective deposition of a variety of materials, including Al2O3, HfO2, Ru, Te, and Sb2Se3.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this paper was to identify the most appropriate allometric scaling model for expressing aerobic fitness, determined by maximal oxygen consumption (VO
Assuntos
Composição Corporal , Obesidade , Consumo de Oxigênio , Humanos , Consumo de Oxigênio/fisiologia , Masculino , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Obesidade/metabolismo , Feminino , Adulto , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Adulto Jovem , Índice de Massa CorporalRESUMO
As semiconductor scaling continues to reach sub-nanometer levels, two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are emerging as a promising candidate for the post-silicon material. Among these alternatives, Bi2O2Se has risen as an exceptionally promising 2D semiconductor thanks to its excellent electrical properties, attributed to its appropriate bandgap and small effective mass. However, unlike other 2D materials, growth of large-scale Bi2O2Se films with precise layer control is still challenging due to its large surface energy caused by relatively strong interlayer electrostatic interactions. Here, we present the successful growth of a wafer-scale (â¼3 cm) Bi2O2Se film with precise thickness control down to the monolayer level on TiO2-terminated SrTiO3 using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analysis confirmed the formation of a [BiTiO4]1- interfacial structure, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the formation of [BiTiO4]1- significantly reduced the interfacial energy between Bi2O2Se and SrTiO3, thereby promoting 2D growth. Additionally, spectral responsivity measurements of two-terminal devices confirmed a bandgap increase of up to 1.9 eV in monolayer Bi2O2Se, which is consistent with our DFT calculations. Finally, we demonstrated high-performance Bi2O2Se field-effect transistor (FET) arrays, exhibiting an excellent average electron mobility of 56.29 cm2/(V·s). This process is anticipated to enable wafer-scale applications of 2D Bi2O2Se and facilitate exploration of intriguing physical phenomena in confined 2D systems.
RESUMO
The thiospinel group of nickel cobalt sulfides (NixCo3-xS4) are promising materials for energy applications such as supercapacitors, fuel cells, and solar cells. Solution-processible nanoparticles of NixCo3-xS4 have advantages of low cost and fabrication of high-performance energy devices due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, which increases the electrochemically active surface area and shortens the ionic diffusion path. The current approaches to synthesize NixCo3-xS4 nanoparticles are often based on hydrothermal or solvothermal methods that are difficult to scale up safely and efficiently and that preclude monitoring the reaction through aliquots, making optimization of size and dispersity challenging, typically resulting in aggregated nanoparticles with polydisperse sizes. In this work, we report a scalable "heat-up" method to colloidally synthesize NixCo3-xS4 nanoparticles that are smaller than 15 nm in diameter with less than 15% in size dispersion, using two inexpensive, earth-abundant sulfur sources. Our method provides a reliable synthetic pathway to produce phase-pure, low-dispersity, gram-scale nanoparticles of ternary metal sulfides. This method enhances the current capabilities of NixCo3-xS4 nanoparticles to meet the performance demands to improve renewable energy technologies.
RESUMO
In this study, preliminary simulations were performed to manufacture thermoplastic composites that can be processed by injection. For analysis, a basalt particulate-polymer composite model was manufactured and its elastic modulus, shear modulus, thermal expansion coefficient, and thermal conductivity were predicted using finite-element analysis (FEA) and micromechanics. Polypropylene (PP), polyamide 6, polyamide 66, and polyamide (PA) were employed as the polymer matrix, with the variations in their properties investigated based on the volume fraction of basalt. The polymer-basalt composite's properties were analyzed effectively using FEA and the micromechanics model. FEA was performed by constructing a 3D model based on the homogenization technique to analyze the effective properties. The micromechanics model was analyzed numerically using the mixture rule, and the Mital, Guth, and Halpin-Tsai models. As a result, it is best to analyze the effective properties of polymer-basalt composites using the Halpin-Tsai model, and it is necessary to conduct a comparative analysis through actual experiments. In the future, actual composite materials need to be developed and evaluated based on the findings of this study.
RESUMO
While certain ternary spinel oxides have been well-explored with colloidal nanochemistry, notably the ferrite spinel family, ternary manganese (Mn)-based spinel oxides have not been tamed. A key composition is cobalt (Co)-Mn oxide (CMO) spinel, CoxMn3-xO4, that, despite exemplary performance in multiple electrochemical applications, has few reports in the colloidal literature. Of these reports, most show aggregated and polydisperse products. Here, we describe a synthetic method for small, colloidally stable CMO spinel nanocrystals with tunable composition and low dispersity. By reacting 2+ metal-acetylacetonate (M(acac)2) precursors in an amine solvent under an oxidizing environment, we developed a pathway that avoids the highly reducing conditions of typical colloidal synthesis reactions; these reducing conditions typically push the system toward a monoxide impurity phase. Through surface chemistry studies, we identify organic byproducts and their formation mechanism, enabling us to engineer the surface and obtain colloidally stable nanocrystals with low organic loading. We report a CMO/carbon composite with low organic contents that performs the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with a half-wave potential (E1/2) of 0.87 V vs RHE in 1.0 M potassium hydroxide at 1600 rpm, rivaling previous reports for the highest activity of this material in ORR electrocatalysis. We extend the general applicability of this procedure to other Mn-based spinel nanocrystals such as Zn-Mn-O, Fe-Mn-O, Ni-Mn-O, and Cu-Mn-O. Finally, we show the scalability of this method by producing inorganic nanocrystals at the gram scale.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study assessed trends in depression symptoms, executive function, and their association across age among older adults. Subgroup comparisons were made between older adults meeting and not meeting physical activity guidelines on variables and associations of interest. METHODS: Participants (n = 2473) were older adults ages 60 to 79 from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Depression symptoms, executive function, and physical activity were assessed, and weighted time-varying effect modeling was used for analyses. RESULTS: Depression symptoms were most severe at age 62 followed by a modest decline before a second peak around age 67. Executive function was highest at age 60 and declined steadily through age 77. Depression symptoms and executive function were negatively associated, but the strength and significance of this association varied with age. Older adults meeting physical activity guidelines had increased executive function and less severe depression symptoms, and meeting physical activity guidelines buffered the association between depression symptoms and executive function at key ages during older adulthood. CONCLUSIONS: Differences by age should be considered when designing and implementing health programs and treatments focusing on mental health and cognition in older adulthood. Encouraging moderate-intensity physical activity may help protect older adults from depression-related cognitive decline.
Assuntos
Depressão , Função Executiva , Humanos , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Depressão/psicologia , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Cognição , Exercício FísicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The study was conducted to investigate the effect of correct occlusion of the left atrial appendage (LAA) on intracardiac blood flow and thrombus formation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) using four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and three-dimensional (3D)-printed phantoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three life-sized 3D-printed left atrium (LA) phantoms, including a pre-occlusion (i.e., before the occlusion procedure) model and correctly and incorrectly occluded post-procedural models, were constructed based on cardiac computed tomography images from an 86-year-old male with long-standing persistent AF. A custom-made closed-loop flow circuit was set up, and pulsatile simulated pulmonary venous flow was delivered by a pump. 4D flow MRI was performed using a 3T scanner, and the images were analyzed using MATLAB-based software (R2020b; Mathworks). Flow metrics associated with blood stasis and thrombogenicity, such as the volume of stasis defined by the velocity threshold (|VÌ | < 3 cm/s), surface-and-time-averaged wall shear stress (WSS), and endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP), were analyzed and compared among the three LA phantom models. RESULTS: Different spatial distributions, orientations, and magnitudes of LA flow were directly visualized within the three LA phantoms using 4D flow MRI. The time-averaged volume and its ratio to the corresponding entire volume of LA flow stasis were consistently reduced in the correctly occluded model (70.82 mL and 39.0%, respectively), followed by the incorrectly occluded (73.17 mL and 39.0%, respectively) and pre-occlusion (79.11 mL and 39.7%, respectively) models. The surface-and-time-averaged WSS and ECAP were also lowest in the correctly occluded model (0.048 Pa and 4.004 Pa-1 , respectively), followed by the incorrectly occluded (0.059 Pa and 4.792 Pa-1 , respectively) and pre-occlusion (0.072 Pa and 5.861 Pa-1 , respectively) models. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that a correctly occluded LAA leads to the greatest reduction in LA flow stasis and thrombogenicity, presenting a tentative procedural goal to maximize clinical benefits in patients with AF.
Assuntos
Apêndice Atrial , Fibrilação Atrial , Trombose , Masculino , Humanos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Apêndice Atrial/diagnóstico por imagem , Velocidade do Fluxo Sanguíneo/fisiologia , Hemodinâmica , Fibrilação Atrial/diagnóstico por imagem , Fibrilação Atrial/cirurgia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Trombose/diagnóstico por imagem , Trombose/complicaçõesRESUMO
Existing resilience measures have psychometric shortcomings, and there is no current gold-standard resilience measure. Previous work indicates adults enrolled in a health coaching program may benefit from a resilience measure that is tailored and contextualized to this sample. This two-part study aimed to develop and evaluate a resilience instrument focused on health behavior change in adults in a health coaching program. Two studies were conducted to (1) create a resilience instrument (Health Resilience Profile; HRP) specific to adults attempting health behavior change (n = 427; female = 83.8%; age = 44.5 ± 11.9 years) and to (2) optimize the instrument performance using Rasch analysis (n = 493; female = 62.1%; age = 49.8 ± 12.5 years). Study 1 identified two issues: (1) four unacceptable misfit items and (2) inappropriate rating scale functioning. Study 2 evaluated an improved instrument based on the outcome of study 1 resulting in one more misfit item, and unidimensionality was supported. The new four-category rating scale functioned well. The item-person map indicated that item difficulty distribution was well matched to participants' resilience level, and items were free from measurement error. Finally, items did not show differential item functioning across age, sex, alcohol use, and obesity status. The 18-item HRP is optimized for adults in a health coaching program.
Assuntos
Qualidade de Vida , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários , Psicometria/métodos , Obesidade , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to (1) investigate age-associated trends in depression and cognition, (2) determine whether the association between depression and cognition varies across age, and (3) test whether this association is moderated by different levels of physical activity among older U.S. immigrant adults aged 60 to 80 years. METHODS: Using national data on elderly U.S. immigrants (N = 375) from the 2011-2014 NHANES, we employed weighted intercept-only linear time-varying effect modeling (TVEM) and weighted linear TVEM to address our research questions. RESULTS: Weighted intercept-only linear TVEM indicated no trend in depression, but its mean peaked at age 67. Cognition consistently decreased with age, reaching its lowest point at age 78. Weighted linear TVEM revealed a significant inverse association between depression and cognition at some age ranges, with the strongest association at around age 66. Yet, we did not find the moderational relation of physical activity to this age-varying association. CONCLUSIONS: Although we observed a significant inverse relationship between depression and cognition at a certain age point, physical activity did not moderate the age-varying association. Understanding of age-varying effects on the depression-cognition interaction will promote prevention efforts targeting aging immigrant populations at highest risk for these health outcomes. Further work is needed to test moderating effects of other health behaviors on this association across age.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2022.2056139 .
Assuntos
Depressão , Emigrantes e Imigrantes , Idoso , Humanos , Depressão/epidemiologia , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Cognição , Exercício FísicoRESUMO
The purpose was to summarize the studies examining the contralateral protective effect on the maximal strength in the subsequent bout of muscle-damaging exercise. The literature search was conducted through CINAHL plus, SportDiscus, and PubMed. Hedge's g effect size (ES) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using a random effects model. From 14 papers and 25 ESs, the mean ES for contralateral repeated bout effect (CL-RBE) on 1-, 2-, and 3-day post maximal strength were -0.61 (95% CI = -0.80, -0.41), -0.50 (95% CI = -0.67, -0.33), and -0.74 (95% CI = -1.01, -0.48), respectively. For moderator analyses, the mean ESs were not influenced by type (isometric vs. isokinetic) of strength, but CL-RBE on maximal strength was influenced by duration (≤6 weeks) between bouts. Therefore, the meta-analysis demonstrated that an initial bout of exercise induces the protective effect on contralateral limb muscles regardless of the different type of strength, but can be affected by different duration (≤6 weeks) between exercise bouts.
Assuntos
Contração Isométrica , Mialgia , Humanos , Contração Isométrica/fisiologia , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Contração Muscular/fisiologiaRESUMO
This study uses the finite element method and numerical analysis to develop an eco-friendly composite material with shielding capabilities. A preliminary study was performed to predict the mechanical properties of the composite material. Polyethylene terephthalate and aluminum powder (AP) were selected as the matrix and enhancer, respectively. The particles of AP are spherical, with a diameter of 1 µm. Material properties were investigated as the AP volume fraction (VF) increased from 5-70%. The FEM results show that the physical properties for AP VFs improve by up to 40%, but there is no significant change in the elastic modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio at an AP VF of 50-70%. However, the numerical analysis models show that the elastic properties for AP VFs improve by up to 70%. The mechanical properties improved as the VF increased, and the FEM predicted values were reliable for VFs up to 40%. However, it was confirmed that 40% is the limit of AP VF in the FEM. In addition, the FEM and numerical analysis predictions showed that the most similar numerical analysis model was the Halpin-Tsai model. The predictions of the Halpin-Tsai model allowed prediction of the maximum VF above the FEM limit. If the correction coefficients of the FEM and numerical analysis models are derived based on the predictions of this study and future experimental results, reliable predictions can be obtained for the physical properties of composite materials.
RESUMO
In this study, the characteristics of a composite material composed of polypropylene (PP) and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are investigated. The elastic properties of the PP/UHMWPE composite material composed of short UHMWPE fibers with a low aspect ratio and long UHMWPE fibers with a high aspect ratio are compared and analyzed. In addition, the elastic properties of the PP/UHMWPE composite materials are calculated via finite element analysis and the Halpin-Tsai model by changing the volume fraction of the UHMWPE fibers. The results show that when UHMWPE fibers with a low aspect ratio and volume fraction are used, the results of the modulus of elasticity based on the finite element analysis are consistent with those obtained using the Halpin-Tsai model, although the fiber volume fraction of the UHMWPE fibers increases. Meanwhile, the deviation between the results yielded by both methods increases with the aspect ratio of the fiber. In terms of the shear modulus, the Halpin-Tsai model shows a linear trend. The results from the finite element analysis differ significantly from those of the Halpin-Tsai model owing to the random orientation of the UHMWPE fibers inside the fiber. Using a contour graph constructed based on the finite element analysis results, the aspect ratio and volume fraction of the UHMWPE fibers can be inversely calculated based on the elastic properties when synthesizing a PP/UHMWPE fiber composite. In future studies, the interfacial bonding properties of UHMWPE fibers and PP should be compared and analyzed experimentally.
RESUMO
The role of physical activity in normal weight obesity (NWO), which is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk, is not clear. This study aimed to determine body composition phenotype-specific differences in objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in adults in the United States. A total of 2055 adults with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 18.5 m2 were studied using 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Physical activity and percent body fat (BF%) were measured using accelerometer and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, respectively. A BF% > 23.1% and >33.3% for men and women, respectively, was considered excess. A BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 with excess BF% was defined as NWO, while those with normal BF%, as normal weight lean (NWL). A BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 with excess BF% was considered overweight/obesity (OB). Compared to NWL, moderate to vigorous physical activity was significantly lower by 8.3 min (95% confidence interval/CI = -15.20, -1.40) and 10.18 min (95% CI = -14.83, -5.54) per day in NWO and OB, respectively. Low-intensity physical activity was also significantly lower by 17.71 min (95% CI = -30.61, -4.81) per day in NWO compared to NWL. However, sedentary time was not different. Objectively measured physical activity is significantly lower in NWO compared to NWL, while sedentary time is not.