Fibular free flap necrosis after mandibular reconstruction surgery with osteoradionecrosis: Establishment and verification of an early warning model.

OBJECTIVE: Fibular free flap necrosis (FFFN) is the most common complication in patients with osteoradionecrosis (ORN) after mandibular reconstruction surgery. However, there are no effective forecasting tools at present. This research is aimed to establish and verify a nomogram model to predict the risk of FFFN after mandibular reconstruction surgery in ORN patients. METHODS: A total of 193 ORN patients with mandibular reconstruction using fibular free flap (150 cases in the model group and 43 cases in the validation group) were enrolled in this study. In the model group, the variables were optimized by lasso regression. Then the prediction model was established by binary logistic regression analysis, and the nomogram was drawn. The bootstrap self-sampling method was used for internal verification. Moreover, 43 cases in the validation group were used for external validation. RESULTS: The results of lasso regression and binary logistic regression analysis showed that the radiotherapy interval (≤2 years), trismus, diabetes, without deep venous anastomoses, and American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) III were the independent risk factors for FFFN after mandibular reconstruction surgery in ORNJ patients (P<0.05). Based on the above-mentioned risk factors, the nomogram model was established. The AUC values of the model group and the validation group were 0.936 and 0.964, respectively. The curve analysis showed that when the probability thresholds of the model group and the validation group were 5.699%∼98.229% and 0.413%∼99.721%, respectively. So the patient's clinical net profit rate was the highest. CONCLUSION: A nomogram combining the factors of radiotherapy interval (≤2 years), trismus, diabetes, without deep venous anastomoses, and ASA III provided a comparatively effective way to predict the risk of FFFN after mandibular reconstruction surgery in ORN patients, which has distinct applied clinical value.

Metal-organic framework composite Mn/Fe-MOF@Pd with peroxidase-like activities for sensitive colorimetric detection of hydroquinone.

The construction of highly sensitive detection methods for hydroquinone (HQ) in environment and cosmetics is of great significance for environmental protection and human health. In this work, a novel detection method for HQ was successfully developed by constructing a metal-organic framework mimic enzyme colorimetric sensor (Mn/Fe-MOF@Pd1.0) with excellent peroxidase-like activity, which was synthesized by doping manganese ions into Fe-MOF by introducing bimetallic active centers, thereby improving the peroxidase-like activity of Fe-MOF, and the acid resistance and stability of Mn/Fe-MOF were improved by supporting palladium (Pd NPs). It is proven that Mn/Fe-MOF@Pd1.0 promoted the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to generate active species, therefore, oxidized chromogenic substrate discoloration. On this basis, the detection of HQ based on the Mn/Fe-MOF@Pd1.0 colorimetric sensor was constructed, in which the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.09 µM in the linear range of 0.3-30 µM. Furthermore, Mn/Fe-MOF@Pd1.0 was successfully used for detecting HQ in hydroquinone whitening cream and actual water samples. The successful synthesis of Mn/Fe-MOF@Pd1.0 may provide new insights for further study of the enzyme-like activity of metal-organic framework composites, and the constructed facile and sensitive sensor system could broaden the application prospects of HQ detection.

One-Abutment at One-Time in Posterior Edentulism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the clinical significance of one-abutment at one-time protocol in healed posterior edentulism. METHODS: An online search was undertaken in November 2022, which included PubMed, Cochrane Library, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar in addition to manual searching. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was performed to assess the quality of selected articles. Marginal bone loss (MBL) was estimated by the performance of meta-analysis. Moreover, all the pooled analyses were based on random-effect models. Subgroup analysis was applied to evaluate the effects of different variables. RESULTS: In line with the inclusion criteria, 6 trials with 446 dental implants were identified. The meta-analysis showed a total of 0.22 mm less MBL within 6 months and decreased by 0.30 mm at 1-year follow-up in favor of one-abutment at one-time protocol. A significant loss MBL was found in implants placed equicrestally using one-abutment at one-time protocol [6 months: mean difference (MD): -0.22 mm; 95% CI, -0.34 to 0.10 mm, P =0.0004; 12 months: MD: -0.32 mm; 95% CI, -0.40 to -0.24 mm, P <0.00001), whereas no difference was found between 2 groups in an implant placed subscrestally (6 months: MD: 0.14 mm; 95% CI, -0.03 to 0.22 mm; P =0.11; 12 months: MD: -0.12 mm; 95% CI, -0.32 to 0.08 mm; P =0.23). CONCLUSIONS: Implant platform position might greatly affect the marginal bone level. Moreover, one-abutment at one-time protocol demonstrated better bone preservation in implants placed equicrestally in healed posterior edentulism. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study highlights the significant clinical application of one-abutment at one-time protocol in healed posterior edentulism.

Clinical evaluations of alveolar ridge preservation in compromised extraction sockets with cortical-lamina anchoring technique: Case series study.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) in the compromised extraction sockets using autogenous cortical-lamina anchoring technique (CAT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty patients were treated with ARP in the compromised extraction sockets by applying CAT. Then implant placement and crown delivery was performed. A planned follow-up was performed by analyzing various outcome measures to evaluate the clinical outcomes, including primary outcome measures [radiographic assessment of residual alveolar ridge height (RARH) and residual alveolar ridge width (RARW)] and secondary outcome measures [clinical assessment of the healing of the soft and hard tissue, survival rates of implants, marginal bone loss (MBL) evaluation of implants, buccal bone thickness (BBT), and esthetic treatment outcomes]. RESULTS: Among the 20 patients, 17 were consecutively treated and 3 dropped out after implant crown delivery because of loss to follow-up. After the ARP, the initial RARH (12.37 mm) significantly increased to 19.29 mm (P < .05). No significant difference was detected in the RARW before (7.92 ± 1.18 mm) and after (7.92 ± 1.18 mm) the ARP, but reduce to 6.99 ± 1.18 mm at the implant placement and 6.64 ± 0.77 mm at the 3-year follow-up (P < .05). The MBL at the implant crown delivery (0.13 ± 0.12 mm) significantly increased to 0.31 ± 0.14 mm at 1-year follow-up and 0.56 ± 0.23 mm at 3-year follow-up, respectively. The bone loss was limited (<1 mm) but statistically significant (P < .05). The BBT at the implant placement (2.53 ± 0.56 mm) significantly reduced to 2.23 ± 0.44 mm at implant crown delivery and 2.14 ± 0.40 mm at 3-year follow-up, respectively. The bone loss was also limited (<0.5 mm) but statistically significant (P < .05). Each implant site showed acceptable aesthetic outcome and the average score was 16.4. The incisions healed uneventful in all patients and the implant survival rate was 100% during the 3-year follow-up. CONCLUSION: Autogenous CAT was successfully applied to preserve the height and width of alveolar ridge in the compromised extraction sockets.

Effect of Physical Activity on Depression in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, and approximately 50% of PD patients suffer from depression. We aim to determine the effects of physical activity on depression in PD patients and to provide scientific evidence-based exercise prescriptions for PD patients. A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and PsycInfo until February 2022 for randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies published in English. The primary outcome was a score on a depression scale. A total of 14 RCTs involving 516 patients with PD were included in this study. The results of the meta-analysis showed that physical activity had a moderate and significant improvement in depression in PD patients (SMD = −0.60; 95% CI = −0.79 to −0.41; p < 0.00001). Subgroup analysis indicated that resistance exercise for 60−90 min more than 4 times per week for up to 12 weeks had a significant effect on PD patients who have had the disease for more than 5 years. Meta-regression showed that intervention type, intervention time, intervention frequency, intervention period, age, and disease duration were not sources of heterogeneity. Physical activity may reduce depression in PD patients. However, other larger sample sizes and high-quality studies are needed to validate these effects in the future.

Wellbore Stability through Novel Catechol-Chitosan Biopolymer Encapsulator-Based Drilling Mud.

The problem of wellbore stability has a marked impact on oil and gas exploration and development in the process of drilling. Marine mussel proteins can adhere and encapsulate firmly on deep-water rocks, providing inspiration for solving borehole stability problem and this ability comes from catechol groups. In this paper, a novel biopolymer was synthesized with chitosan and catechol (named "SDGB") by Schiff base-reduction reaction, was developed as an encapsulator in water-based drilling fluids (WBDF). In addition, the chemical enhancing wellbore stability performance of different encapsulators were investigated and compared. The results showed that there were aromatic ring structure, amines, and catechol groups in catechol-chitosan biopolymer molecule. The high shale recovery rate demonstrated its strong shale inhibition performance. The rock treated by catechol-chitosan biopolymer had higher tension shear strength and uniaxial compression strength than others, which indicates that it can effectively strengthen the rock and bind loose minerals in micro-pore and micro-fracture of rock samples. The rheological and filtration property of the WBDF containing catechol-chitosan biopolymer is stable before and after 130 °C/16 h hot rolling, demonstrating its good compatibility with other WBDF agents. Moreover, SDGB could chelate with metal ions, forming a stable covalent bond, which plays an important role in adhesiveness, inhibition, and blockage.

Novel Acrylamide/2-Acrylamide-2-3 Methylpropanesulfonic Acid/Styrene/Maleic Anhydride Polymer-Based CaCO3 Nanoparticles to Improve the Filtration of Water-Based Drilling Fluids at High Temperature.

Filtration loss control under high-temperature conditions is a worldwide issue among water-based drilling fluids (WBDFs). A core-shell high-temperature filter reducer (PAASM-CaCO3) that combines organic macromolecules with inorganic nanomaterials was developed by combining acrylamide (AM), 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), styrene (St), and maleic anhydride (MA) as monomers and nano-calcium carbonate (NCC). The molecular structure of PAASM-CaCO3 was characterized. The average molecular weight of the organic part was 6.98 × 105 and the thermal decomposition temperature was about 300 °C. PAASM-CaCO3 had a better high-temperature resistance. The rheological properties and filtration performance of drilling fluids treated with PAASM-CaCO3 were stable before and after aging at 200 °C/16 h, and the effect of filtration control was better than that of commonly used filter reducers. PAASM-CaCO3 improved colloidal stability and mud cake quality at high temperatures.

Co-Ni layered double hydroxides wrapped on leaf-shaped copper oxide hybrids for non-enzymatic detection of glucose.

The leaf-shaped copper oxide (CuO) was first fabricated by a direct precipitation method. Then, the flake-shaped Co-Ni layered double hydroxides (CoNi-LDHs) were grown on the leaf-shaped CuO by using an electrodeposition method to form a unique nanostructured electrocatalyst. Due to the unique structural and compositional advantages, CoNi-LDHs wrapped around the leaf-shaped CuO exhibited good electrocatalytic characteristics. The optimized CuO/CoNi-LDHs exhibited improved non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing performance for glucose, with a reliable linear range (0.1 µM-0.384 mM) and a low limit of detection (0.065 µM, S/N = 3). The utilization of the CuO/CoNi-LDHs sensor for glucose detection in human serum was also corroborated, implying promising potential for glucose monitoring. Results demonstrated that the developed sensor provides new horizons for facile and sensitive glucose detection.