Novel low-cost approach to the treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia using pattern scanning laser photocoagulation / Nova abordagem de baixo custo para neoplasia escamosa da superficie ocular usando fotocoagulação tipo pattern scanning

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the safety and 12-month effect of treatment with pattern scanning laser photocoagulation for ocular surface squamous neoplasia in a low-resource setting with extremely limited access to an operating room. Methods: Adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of ocular surface squamous neoplasia underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination. After topical anesthesia and instillation of toluidine blue 1%, the lesion was treated using pattern scanning photocoagulation for a duration time that varied from 20 to 100 ms and power from 600 to 1,800 mW. Patients were examined on a weekly basis for the first month and underwent weekly retreatment of the remaining lesions, as necessary. Patients had a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Results: Thirty-eight patients (38 eyes) were included. All patients had clinical ocular surface squamous neoplasia that was confirmed by impression cytology. The age of patients ranged from 40 to 83 years (average: 65.5 years) and 28 of them were males (74%). The patients were divided into two groups: group I (immunocompetent) and group II (immuno­suppressed). In group I, 23 patients (74%) presented complete response with lesion control after laser treatment alone. In group II, two of seven patients (28%) showed treatment response during the follow-up. The average number of treatments was 2.5 (one to six laser treatments). Procedures were well tolerated. Conclusion: Short-term results of the laser photocoagulation approach for the treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia conjunctival lesions were favorable, with a 74% success rate observed in immunocompetent patients. This novel strategy is a less resource-intensive alternative that could demonstrate its usefulness in settings with shortages in operating rooms and in recurrent cases. Studies with longer follow-ups and larger sample sizes are warranted to confirm our findings and evaluate the effectiveness of laser treatment in association with topical chemotherapy.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a segurança e o efeito de 12 meses de tratamento com fotocoagulação pelo pattern scanning laser para neoplasia escamosa da superfície ocular em um ambiente com poucos recursos e acesso extremamente limitado a um tratamento cirúrgico. Métodos: Pacientes adultos com diagnóstico de neoplasia escamosa de superfície ocular foram submetidos a exame oftalmológico completo. Após anestesia tópica e instilação de azul de toluidina 1%, a lesão foi tratada com laser por um tempo de duração que variou de 20 a 100 ms e potência de 600 a 1800 mW. Os pacientes foram examinados semanalmente durante o primeiro mês e fo­ram retratados semanalmente das lesões restantes, conforme necessário. Os pacientes tiveram um seguimento mínimo de 12 meses. Resultados: Trinta e oito pacientes (38 olhos) foram incluídos no estudo. Todos os pacientes apresentaram neoplasia escamosa da superfície ocular clínica, confirmada por citologia de impressão. A idade dos pacientes variou entre 40 e 83 anos (média de 65.5 anos) e 28 deles eram do sexo masculino (74%). Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo I (imunocompetente) e grupo II (imunossuprimido). No grupo I, 23 pacientes (74%) apresentaram resposta completa com o controle da lesão após o tratamento com laser. No grupo II, dois dos sete pacientes (28%) apresentaram resposta ao tratamento durante o acompanhamento. A média de aplicações de laser foi de 2,5 (1 a 6 aplicações). Os procedimentos foram bem tolerados. Conclusões: Os resultados a curto prazo da abordagem de fotocoagulação a laser para o tratamento das lesões conjuntivais de neoplasia escamosa de superfície ocular foram favoráveis, com uma taxa de sucesso de 74% observada em pacientes imunocompetentes. Essa nova estratégia é uma alternativa menos intensiva em recursos que pode demonstrar sua utilidade em ambientes com escassez de salas cirúrgicas e em casos recorrentes. Estudos com acompanhamentos mais longos e amostras maiores são necessários para confirmar nossos achados e avaliar a eficácia do tratamento a laser asso­ciado à quimioterapia tópica.

Novel low-cost approach to the treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia using pattern scanning laser photocoagulation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and 12-month effect of treatment with pattern scanning laser photocoagulation for ocular surface squamous neoplasia in a low-resource setting with extremely limited access to an operating room. METHODS: Adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of ocular surface squamous neoplasia underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination. After topical anesthesia and instillation of toluidine blue 1%, the lesion was treated using pattern scanning photocoagulation for a duration time that varied from 20 to 100 ms and power from 600 to 1,800 mW. Patients were examined on a weekly basis for the first month and underwent weekly retreatment of the remaining lesions, as necessary. Patients had a minimum follow-up of 12 months. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients (38 eyes) were included. All patients had clinical ocular surface squamous neoplasia that was confirmed by impression cytology. The age of patients ranged from 40 to 83 years (average: 65.5 years) and 28 of them were males (74%). The patients were divided into two groups: group I (immunocompetent) and group II (immuno-suppressed). In group I, 23 patients (74%) presented complete response with lesion control after laser treatment alone. In group II, two of seven patients (28%) showed treatment response during the follow-up. The average number of treatments was 2.5 (one to six laser treatments). Procedures were well tolerated. CONCLUSION: Short-term results of the laser photocoagulation approach for the treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia conjunctival lesions were favorable, with a 74% success rate observed in immunocompetent patients. This novel strategy is a less resource-intensive alternative that could demonstrate its usefulness in settings with shortages in operating rooms and in recurrent cases. Studies with longer follow-ups and larger sample sizes are warranted to confirm our findings and evaluate the effectiveness of laser treatment in association with topical chemotherapy.

Comparação de acuidade visual final: cirurgias de catarata com intercorrências versus sem intercorrências / Comparison of final visual acuity: cataract surgery with intraoperative complications versus non intraoperative complications

Objetivo Comparar a acuidade visual (AV) final dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de catarata com e sem complicações intraoperatórias e possíveis fatores que contribuíram para o resultado ao final do pós-operatório. Métodos Análise dos prontuários de 179 pacientes, retrospectivo, longitudinal, operados de fevereiro a julho de 2013 no Instituto Dr. Suel Abujamra, pela técnica de facoemulsificação (FACO), divididos em dois grupos: com e sem complicações intraoperatórias. Os dados obtidos foram analisados pelos métodos teste-t para duas amostras ou Análise de Variância (ANOVA). Os critérios de exclusão foram pacientes com cirurgia ocular prévia, retinopatia diabética proliferativa ou não proliferativa grave, outras retinopatias, escavação do disco óptico igual ou maior que 0,7x0,7 ou uso de mais de dois hipotensores oculares, olho único, catarata secundária à uveíte, traumática ou congênita. Resultados Dos 179 pacientes, 37 (20,7%) tiveram complicações intraoperatórias e 142 (79,3%) não tiveram complicações intraoperatórias. A média da idade dos pacientes foi de 70,33 anos. O olho direito foi o operado em 49,7% dos casos, e o olho esquerdo em 50,3%. O diabetes mellitus estava presente em 29,05% dos casos, sendo 29,73% de pacientes com complicação e 28,87% sem complicações. Do total, 77,65% atingiram uma AV final 20/40 ou melhor, sendo que nos pacientes com complicação a média para esta AV foi de 59,46% e no grupo sem complicações foi de 82,40%. A principal complicação foi ruptura de cápsula posterior. Conclusão Após toda a análise, verificamos que os fatores que implicaram com significância estatística em menor AV final foram as complicações intraoperatórias e a idade dos pacientes...

Objective Compare visual acuity (VA) of patients after cataract surgery with and without intraoperative complications regarding possible factors that contributed to the outcome on postoperative follow-up. Methods Longitudinal, retrospective study that evaluated 179 medical records of patients who underwent cataract surgery under the technique Phacoemulsification (PHACO) in the Suel Abujamra Institute from february to july 2013. Patients were divided into two groups concerning presence or absence of intraoperative complications. Data were analyzed using t-test methods for two samples or (ANOVA) Analysis of Variance. Exclusion criteria were: patients with previous ocular surgery, retinopathy related to diabetes, either proliferative or severe non proliferative, other retinopathies, optic disc cup equal to or greater than 0,7x0,7, use of more than two ocular hypotensive medications, only one eye, cataract due to uveitis, trauma or congenital. Results 37 (20.7%) patients had intraoperative complications and 142 (79.3%) had not. Average age of patients was 70.33 years. There were 49.7% surgeries of the right eye and 50.3% of the left eye. There were 29.05% diabetic patients, of which 29.73% had intraoperative complications and 28.87% had not. From the 179 patients, 77.65% reached a final VA of 20/40 or better, considering that patients with intraoperative complications reached a VA of about 59.46% and patients without intraoperative complications of about 82.40%. The main complication was posterior capsular tear. Conclusion After entire evaluation, we realized that factors that influenced lower final VA, with statistical significance, were intraoperative complications and patient age...

Parkinson disease: impact of clinical and cognitive aspects on quality of life / Doença de Parkinson: impacto de aspectos clínicos e cognitivos na qualidade de vida

Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic disease manifested principally by motor signs and symptoms, but with frequent neuropsychological alterations. Objectives: To study the relationship between clinical and cognitive aspects and the perception of quality of life (QOL) in PD patients. Methods: Twenty consecutive patients (13 men) with idiopathic PD (mean age: 64.5y), mean disease time of 7.8 years and at stages 1-3 according to the modified Hoehn and Yahr staging scale (HYS), all outpatients from the Neurology Department of the Celso Pierro General and Maternity Hospital (PUC-Campinas), were analyzed. The following were applied: a clinical-neurological assessment, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), standard neuropsychological battery of the CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer Disease), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and a QOL questionnaire (Parkinson Disease Questionnaire - PDQ-39). Statistical analysis was carried out at a significance level of p<0.05. Results: On the PDQ-39 under the sections total, mobility and activities of daily living, and the items motor compromise (HYS) and language of the MMSE were predictors of worse QOL. Verbal fluency was a factor for emotional well-being on the PDQ-39, whereas higher scores for HAM-D and worse performance on the item attention and calculation of the MMSE were associated with worse QOL in the social support section. Total score on the MMSE and educational level were QOL factors in cognition. Conclusions: The findings of the present study suggest that clinical, cognitive, motor or other depression-related factors contribute differently to the domains of QOL.

Doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma doença crônica que se manifesta principalmente por sinais e sintomas motores, mas com alterações neuropsicológicas frequentes. Objetivos: Estudar a relação de aspectos clínicos e cognitivos com a percepção da qualidade de vida (QV) em pacientes com DP. Métodos: Foram analisados 20 pacientes (13 do gênero masculino) consecutivos com DP idiopática (idade média: 64,5 anos), tempo médio de doença de 7,8 anos e estágio 1-3 na escala Hoehn e Yarh modificada (HY), procedentes do ambulatório de Neurologia do Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro (PUC-Campinas). Foram realizados: anamnese, exame neurológico, mini-exame do estado mental (MEEM), bateria neurospicológica do CERAD, escala de depressão de Hamilton (EDH) e questionário de QV (Parkinson Disease Questionnaire - PDQ-39). Foi feito o estudo estatístico, com nível de significância p<0.05. Resultados: Comprometimento motor e no item linguagem do MEEM foram preditores de pior QV no PDQ-39 total, mobilidade e atividades da vida diária. A fluência verbal foi fator de bem estar emocional do PDQ-39, enquanto maiores escores na EDH e desempenho inferior no item atenção e calculo do MEEM estiveram associados a pior QV em apoio social. O escore total do MEEM e o nivel de escolaridade foram fatores de QV em cognição. Conclusões: Nossos achados sugerem que diferentes fatores clínicos, cognitivos, da motricidade ou ligados a depressão contribuem de modo diferenciado para os diversos domínios da QV.

Parkinson's disease: Impact of clinical and cognitive aspects on quality of life.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic disease manifested principally by motor signs and symptoms, but with frequent neuropsychological alterations. OBJECTIVES: To study the relationship between clinical and cognitive aspects and the perception of quality of life (QOL) in PD patients. METHODS: Twenty consecutive patients (13 men) with idiopathic PD (mean age: 64.5y), mean disease time of 7.8 years and at stages 1-3 according to the modified Hoehn and Yahr staging scale (HYS), all outpatients from the Neurology Department of the Celso Pierro General and Maternity Hospital (PUC-Campinas), were analyzed. The following were applied: a clinical-neurological assessment, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), standard neuropsychological battery of the CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and a QOL questionnaire (Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire - PDQ-39). Statistical analysis was carried out at a significance level of p<0.05. RESULTS: On the PDQ-39 under the sections total, mobility and activities of daily living, and the items motor compromise (HYS) and language of the MMSE were predictors of worse QOL. Verbal fluency was a factor for emotional well-being on the PDQ-39, whereas higher scores for HAM-D and worse performance on the item attention and calculation of the MMSE were associated with worse QOL in the social support section. Total score on the MMSE and educational level were QOL factors in cognition. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study suggest that clinical, cognitive, motor or other depression-related factors contribute differently to the domains of QOL.

Doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma doença crônica que se manifesta principalmente por sinais e sintomas motores, mas com alterações neuropsicológicas frequentes. OBJETIVOS: Estudar a relação de aspectos clínicos e cognitivos com a percepção da qualidade de vida (QV) em pacientes com DP. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados 20 pacientes (13 do gênero masculino) consecutivos com DP idiopática (idade média: 64,5 anos), tempo médio de doença de 7,8 anos e estágio 1-3 na escala Hoehn e Yarh modificada (HY), procedentes do ambulatório de Neurologia do Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro (PUC-Campinas). Foram realizados: anamnese, exame neurológico, mini-exame do estado mental (MEEM), bateria neurospicológica do CERAD, escala de depressão de Hamilton (EDH) e questionário de QV (Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire - PDQ-39). Foi feito o estudo estatístico, com nível de significância p<0.05. RESULTADOS: Comprometimento motor e no item "linguagem" do MEEM foram preditores de pior QV no PDQ-39 "total", "mobilidade" e "atividades da vida diária". A fluência verbal foi fator de "bem estar emocional" do PDQ-39, enquanto maiores escores na EDH e desempenho inferior no item "atenção e calculo" do MEEM estiveram associados a pior QV em "apoio social". O escore total do MEEM e o nivel de escolaridade foram fatores de QV em "cognição". CONCLUSÕES: Nossos achados sugerem que diferentes fatores clínicos, cognitivos, da motricidade ou ligados a depressão contribuem de modo diferenciado para os diversos domínios da QV.