RESUMO
The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity of the marine scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis to different copper concentrations (10 and 30 µgl-1) in the prespawning period. Reaction of the scallop to this effect was evaluated by a set of biomarkers, including general metabolism enzymes (acid and alkaline phosphatase activities - AcPase, ALP), and oxidative stress parameters (catalase antioxidant enzyme activity - CAT and levels of damage for DNA, lipids and proteins). Experiment results show that when copper is accumulated in tissues, enzyme activity changes are similar and have phasic character. The dynamics of these changes depends on the copper accumulation levels in tissues. Unlike enzyme reaction to copper accumulation, oxidative damage of biologic molecules changes in tissues in different ways. Copper enters into a scallop's organism, mainly through the gills, where there is a more expressed reaction of biomarkers compared to the digestive gland.
Assuntos
Cobre/toxicidade , Pectinidae/efeitos dos fármacos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Fosfatase Ácida/metabolismo , Fosfatase Alcalina , Animais , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Catalase/metabolismo , Dano ao DNA , Trato Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Trato Gastrointestinal/metabolismo , Brânquias/efeitos dos fármacos , Brânquias/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Pectinidae/genética , Pectinidae/metabolismoRESUMO
We have synthesised some of 2-substituted 4-(3H)-quinazolones by the reaction with benzaldehyde and cinnamic aldehyde and their derivatives. It is shown that the intensity of the reaction depends on electrophilic properties of carbonyl compounds and steric factors. The elemental analysis, ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy confirmed the structure of synthesised compounds, their individuality being checked by thin-layer chromatography. The results of biological experiments show that the synthesised 2-substituted 4-(3H)-quinazolones have an expressed antioxidant and antiamnestic activity and are prospective for further research of their nootropic activity.