Beneficiary effect of Commiphora mukul ethanolic extract against high fructose diet induced abnormalities in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in wistar rats.

The present study was proposed to elucidate the effect of Commiphora mukul gum resin elthanolic extract treatment on alterations in carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms in rats fed with high-fructose diet. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: two of these groups (group C and C+CM) were fed with standard pellet diet and the other two groups (group F and F+CM) were fed with high fructose (66 %) diet. C. mukul suspension in 5% Tween-80 in distilled water (200 mg/kg body weight/day) was administered orally to group C+CM and group F+CM. At the end of 60-day experimental period, biochemical parameters related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms were assayed. C. mukul treatment completely prevented the fructose-induced increased body weight, hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance observed in group F decreased significantly with C. mukul treatment in group F+CM. The alterations observed in the activities of enzymes of carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms and contents of hepatic tissue lipids in group F rats were significantly restored to near normal values by C. mukul treatment in group F+CM. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that C. mukul treatment is effective in preventing fructose-induced insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia while attenuating the fructose induced alterations in carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms by the extract which was further supported by histopathological results from liver samples which showed regeneration of the hepatocytes. This study suggests that the plant can be used as an adjuvant for the prevention and/or management of insulin resistance and disorders related to it.

Preventive effect of Tinospora cordifolia against high-fructose diet-induced insulin resistance and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats.

High intake of dietary fructose exerts a number of adverse metabolic effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia stem (TCAE) alleviates high-fructose diet-induced insulin resistance and oxidative stress in rats. High-fructose diet (66% of fructose) and TCAE (400 mg/kg/day) were given simultaneously for a period of 60 days. Fructose fed rats showed hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, impaired glucose tolerance and impaired insulin sensitivity (P<0.05). TCAE treatment prevented the rise in glucose levels by 21.3%, insulin by 51.5%, triglycerides by 54.12% and glucose-insulin index by 59.8% of the fructose fed rats. Regarding liver antioxidant status, fructose fed rats showed higher values of lipid peroxidation (91.3%), protein carbonyl groups (44%) and lowered GSH levels (42.1%) and, lowered activities of enzymatic antioxidants, while TCAE treatment prevented all these observed abnormalities. In conclusion, our data indicate the preventive role of T. cordifolia against fructose-induced insulin resistance and oxidative stress; hence this plant could be used as an adjuvant therapy for the prevention and/or management of chronic diseases characterized by hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance and aggravated antioxidant status.