Bodily Practices and Healthy Bodies: Representations of Gymnastics in a Brazilian Women's Magazine (1940-1950).

This research aims to understand the influence of bodily practices, especially gymnastics, in the construction of representations of a healthy body conveyed in a Brazilian women's magazine in the 1940s and 1950s. We use records from the Jornal das Moças magazine for the analysis based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of cultural history. The results show that gymnastics for women was linked to body maintenance and used as a tool for establishing a body standard, thus disciplining and shapingthe construction of women's health concepts, determined by the aesthetic bias of that period: a slim body as an ideal standard of beauty and health.

Validity of judo-specific tests to assess neuromuscular performance of judo athletes.

Uchi-komi Fitness Test (UFT) is a specific judo test that evaluates physiological fitness of judo athletes in similar conditions to judo matches. Neuromuscular parameters obtained by generic and judo-specific tests would aid to get more information about its criterion validity. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between UFT and shoulder external (PTEX) and internal (PTINT) rotation torque, handgrip strength (HGS) and vertical jumps (VJs) performance. The relationship between UFT and Judogi grip strength test (JGST) was also investigated. Eighteen male judo athletes participated in this study. Athletes performed neuromuscular tests (VJ, PTEX, PTINT and HGS) and judo-specific tests (JGST and UFT). Pearson's correlation was used with the level set at p < 0.05. Significant correlation was found between UFT and all VJ variables (r = 0.50-0.72, p < 0.004), UFT a + b (two first series of UFT) and PTEX (r = 0.49, p = 0.033), UFT and PTINT (r = 0.47, p = 0.044). Also, UFT was correlated to JGST (r = 0.50-0.72, p < 0.044, respectively). We conclude that muscle power of lower limbs, PTEX and PTINT was related to UFT. Strength-endurance in the upper limbs (JGST) was also related to the UFT performance.

PREDICTORS OF JUDO-SPECIFIC TASKS FROM NEUROMUSCULAR PERFORMANCE IN YOUNG ATHLETES AGED 11-16 YEARS.

BACKGROUND: Physiological capacities are continuously developed throughout childhood and adolescence enhancing physical performance, but the years of formal training also contribute to performance improvements seen in young athletes. Thus, identifying the variables that may predict performance in young athletes is important for monitoring and planning the season. PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the predictors of judo-specific performance tasks from neuromuscular tests in young judo athletes. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Ninety-four young judo athletes: 28 girls and 66 boys (aged 11-16 years) participated in the study. Athletes performed the following neuromuscular assessments: the standing long jump (SLJ), the seated medicine ball throw (MBT) and the measurement of handgrip strength (HGS). They also performed judo-specific tests including the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) and Judogi Grip Strength Test (JGST). Pearson's linear correlation and a multiple linear regression were used with the level of significance at p<0.05. RESULTS: The main results showed correlations between all neuromuscular tests and the number of throws and index obtained in the SJFT for boys (r = 0.35-0.54, p<0.05) and girls (r = 0.41-0.47, p<0.05). Additionally, the JGST performance was correlated with HGS (r = 0.48, p<0.01) and the MBT (r = 0.38, p = 0.013), but only in boys. The SLJ and HGS predicted close to 30% of the variance in the SJFT performance (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Strength and power in upper and lower limbs are related to judo-specific tasks in young judo athletes and can moderately predict the performance in SJFT performance. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE: 2b.

Kinanthropometry in Brazilian Physical Education (1970s): a new knowledge perspective for this field / A Cineantropometria na Educação Física brasileira (década de 1970): uma nova perspectiva de conhecimento para o campo

Abstract The aim of the present study is to understand the constitution of kinanthropometry as scientific disciplinary field in the 1970s in Brazil. Therefore, a bibliographic review was carried out in nine databases and in a specific journal focused on publications from the Kinanthopometry perspective, since this is an element to legitimize a scientific discipline. Only two studies dealing with this topic were selected. Given such a gap in the literature, three interviews with professors who organized the Physical Education (PE) course laboratories, as well as a newspaper report from the period, were used in the study. Different names have been associated with the scientific field of human composition assessment throughout history, as well as formulating different body perceptions, such as Biometrics, Anthropometry and kinanthropometry. Each of these factors determine relationships with the involved socio-cultural context. Such a complexity to understand a conjecture within a historical time expands the space available for analyses. In the 1960s, the term kinanthropometry emerged in foreign countries as a new way of interpreting human body composition assessments linked to knowledge in the PE field based on movement and anatomy. This term was imported by Brazilian researchers after their contact with scientists in USA and Canada, since it offered the possibility of acquiring new representations for research in the PE field back in the 1970s.

Resumo O presente estudo visa compreender a constituição da Cineantropometria como campo disciplinar científico na década de 1970 no Brasil. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica em nove bases de dados e no exclusivo periódico com foco específico em publicações na perspectiva da Cineantropometria, por este ser um elemento para a legitimação de uma disciplina científica. Foram identificados apenas dois estudos que tratam sobre a história da Cineantropometria como campo disciplinar. Diante desta lacuna, foram utilizadas três entrevistas com professores que organizaram os laboratórios dos cursos de Educação Física (EF), bem como uma reportagem de jornal do período. Diferentes denominações estiveram ligadas ao longo da história do campo científico da avaliação da composição corporal humana, formulando distintas percepções de corpo, como a Biometria, a Antropometria e a Cineantropometria, cada qual estabelecendo relações com o contexto sociocultural que as envolvia. Nessa complexidade para compreender uma conjectura dentro de um tempo histórico, amplia-se espaço e tempo de análise. Em países do exterior, na década de 1960, o termo Cineantropometria surge como nova forma de interpretação da avaliação da composição corporal humana, vinculado aos conhecimentos do campo da EF, pautada em movimento e anatomia. Com o contato dos pesquisadores brasileiros com cientistas dos Estados Unidos e do Canadá, este termo é importado e oferece uma possibilidade de aquisição de novas representações para a pesquisa em EF na década de 1970.