Assuntos
Candidemia/epidemiologia , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/epidemiologia , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/epidemiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/epidemiologia , Controle de Infecções/métodos , Bacteriemia/epidemiologia , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Candidemia/microbiologia , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/prevenção & controle , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/microbiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Pacotes de Assistência ao Paciente , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
The antibacterial efficacy of three alcohol-based products (liquid and gel) were tested on the hands with blood and contaminated with Serratia marcescens (ATCC 14756), using EN 1500 procedures in 14 healthy volunteers. The alcohol-based products tested, either gel or liquid-based, reached bacterial reduction levels higher than 99.9% in the presence of blood and did not differ significantly (ANOVA test; P = 0.614).
Assuntos
Álcoois/farmacologia , Sangue/microbiologia , Desinfetantes/metabolismo , Desinfecção das Mãos/métodos , Mãos/microbiologia , Serratia marcescens/efeitos dos fármacos , Serratia marcescens/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Álcoois/administração & dosagem , Carga Bacteriana , Desinfetantes/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate an apparent outbreak involving simultaneous isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples. DESIGN: Retrospective and prospective cohort studies using chart review, environmental sampling, and ribotyping of all available isolates. Cleaning and disinfection procedures for the bronchoscopes were also evaluated. SETTING: A 380-bed private hospital in São Paulo, Brazil PATIENTS: Forty-one patients who underwent bronchoscopic procedures between December 1994 and October 1996 and from whom P. aeruginosa and S. marcescens were concomitantly isolated. Bronchoscopes and related items were microbiologically assessed. RESULTS: P. aeruginosa and S. marcescens were simultaneously isolated from BAL samples 12.6% of the time (41 of 324) during the epidemic period versus 1.8% of the time (1 of 54) in the pre-epidemic period (P = .035). Ribotyping revealed two strains of P. aeruginosa and one of S. marcescens that were isolated from BAL samples of patients with no signs of respiratory tract infection, suggesting a pseudo-outbreak. Evaluation of bronchoscope disinfection revealed that inappropriate methods were being used. Implementation of simple control measures resulted in a significant decrease in simultaneous isolation of these species. CONCLUSION: Prevention of pseudo-outbreaks requires meticulous use of preventive measures for infection-prone medical procedures.