New (S)-verbenone-isoxazoline-1,3,4-thiadiazole hybrids: synthesis, anticancer activity and apoptosis-inducing effect.

Background: This study aimed to develop novel isoxazoline-1,3,4-thiadiazole hybrids from (S)-verbenone for potential anticancer treatment, particularly focusing on cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in hormone-sensitive MCF-7 and triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Methods & results: (S)-verbenone was used to synthesize hybrids through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, followed by thorough characterization. The compounds were screened across cancer cell lines, showing significant anticancer effects. Compound 8b notably induced apoptosis via the caspase-3/7 pathway and cell cycle arrest, displaying noteworthy cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion: These findings underscore the potential of (S)-verbenone isoxazoline-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives for breast cancer therapy due to their remarkable apoptotic activity. This study highlights a promising avenue for advancing breast cancer treatment using these derivatives, founded on (S)-verbenone, showcasing their distinct potential for inducing apoptosis.

Novel Hydrazono-2-Iminothiazolidin-4-Ones Based on a Monoterpenic Skeleton as Potential Antitumor Agents: Synthesis, DFT Studies, in†Vitro Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis Inducing Properties and Molecular Docking.

A series of novel 2-iminothiazolidin-4-one analogs have been synthesized from limonaketone, and structurally characterized by HR-MS, 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR spectroscopy techniques, and the structure of compound 4 was elucidated by XRD. The newly synthesized products were biologically evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines HT-1080, A549, and MCF-7. Thiazolidinones 9 and 10 were the most active compounds in HT-1080 cell lines (IC50 =15.85±1.75 and 16.13±1.55 µM, respectively). The apoptosis induction of the derivatives 9 and 10 were studied using annexin V staining, caspase-3/7 activity and cell cycle analysis. Compound 10 showed the highest ability of apoptosis induction and caspase-3/7 activation associated with S-phase growth arrest in HT-1080. Meanwhile, compound 9 has a moderate apoptotic effect and G0/G1-phase arrest in the after-mentioned cell. The molecular docking suggested that compounds 9 and 10 formed stable ligand-caspase-3 complexes. Besides, the presence of phenyl moiety in ligand 10 is responsible for the enhancement of the caspase-3 activation by the apparition of two additional hydrogen bonds with Cys163 and Gln161amino acids.

Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of dimethyl 3-(3-bromo-phen-yl)-6-methyl-7-oxo-3,5,6,7-tetra-hydro-pyrazolo-[1,2-a]pyrazole-1,2-di-carboxyl-ate.

The title compound, C17H17BrN2O5, resulted from the 1,3-dipolar cyclo-addition reaction between dimethyl acetyl-enedi-carboxyl-ate and (3-bromo-benzyl-idene)-4-methyl-5-oxopyrazolidin-2-ium-1-ide in CHCl3. The dihedral angle between the pyrazole rings (all atoms) is 32.91 (10)°; the oxo-pyrazole ring displays an envelope conformation whereas the other pyrazole ring adopts a twisted conformation. The bromo-phenyl ring subtends a dihedral angle of 88.95 (9)° with the mean plane of its attached pyrazole ring. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and aromatic π-π inter-actions with an inter-centroid distance of 3.8369 (10) Å. The Hirshfeld surface analysis and fingerprint plots reveal that the mol-ecular packing is governed by H⋯H (37.1%), O⋯H/H⋯O (31.3%), Br⋯H/H⋯Br (13.5%) and C⋯H/H⋯C (10.6%) contacts. The energy framework indicates that dispersion energy is the major contributor to the mol-ecular packing.

Design, Hemiysnthesis, crystal structure and anticancer activity of 1, 2, 3-triazoles derivatives of totarol.

A new series of diverse triazoles linked to the hydroxyl group of totarol were synthesized using click chemistry approach. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by HRMS, IR and NMR spectroscopy. The structure of compound 3 g was also confirmed by x-ray single crystal diffraction. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was evaluated by the MTT method against four cancer cell lines, including fibrosarcoma HT-1080, lung carcinoma A-549 and breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7), and the results indicated that all compounds showed weak to moderate activities against all cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 14.44 to 46.25 µM. On the basis of our research the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of these compounds were discussed. This work provides some important hints for further structural modification of totarol towards developing novel and highly effective anticancer drugs respectively. It is interesting to note that compound 3 g indicated a very significant cytotoxicity against HT-1080 and A-549 cell lines. The molecular docking showed that compound 3 g activated the caspase-3 and inhibited tubulin by forming stable protein-ligand complexes.

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of cytotoxic activities of arylnaphthalene lignans and aza-analogs.

A concise and versatile synthetic strategy for the total synthesis of arylnaphthalene lignans and aza-analogs was developed. The main objective was to develop synthetic tactics for the creation of the lactone and lactam unit that would give access to an array of synthetic, natural, and/or bioactive compounds through rather simple chemical manipulation. The flexibility and potentiality of these new processes were further illustrated by the total synthesis of retrojusticidin B (13b), justicidin C (14b), and methoxy-vitedoamine A (22a). In this study, a series of novel aryl-naphthalene lignans and aza-analogs were synthesized, and the cytotoxic activities of all compounds on cancer cell growth were evaluated. The target compounds were structurally characterized by 1 H NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), 13 C NMR, infrared, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. The IC50 values of these compounds on five tumor cell lines (A549, HS683, MCF-7, SK-MEL-28, and B16-F1) were obtained by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) colorimetric assay. Five of the compounds exhibited excellent activity compared to 5-fluorouracil and etoposide against the five cell lines tested, with IC50 values ranging from 1 to 10 µM.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 3,4-di-hydro-2H-anthra[1,2-b][1,4]dioxepine-8,13-dione.

The title compound, C17H12O4, was synthesized from the dye alizarin. The dihedral angle between the mean plane of the anthra-quinone ring system (r.m.s. deviation = 0.039 Å) and the dioxepine ring is 16.29 (8)°. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming sheets lying parallel to the ab plane. The sheets are connected through π-π and C=O⋯π inter-actions to generate a three-dimensional supra-molecular network. Hirshfeld surface analysis was used to investigate inter-molecular inter-actions in the solid-state: the most important contributions are from H⋯H (43.0%), H⋯O/O⋯H (27%), H⋯C/C⋯H (13.8%) and C⋯C (12.4%) contacts.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 4-allyl-2-meth-oxy-6-nitro-phenol.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C10H11NO4, which was synthesized via nitration reaction of eugenol (4-allyl-2-meth-oxy-phenol) with a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid, consists of three independent mol-ecules of similar geometry. Each mol-ecule displays an intra-molecular hydrogen bond involving the hydroxide and the nitro group forming an S(6) motif. The crystal cohesion is ensured by inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds in addition to π-π stacking inter-actions between the aromatic rings [centroid-centroid distances = 3.6583 (17)-4.0624 (16) Å]. The Hirshfeld surface analysis and the two-dimensional fingerprint plots show that H⋯H (39.6%), O⋯H/H⋯O (37.7%), C⋯H/H⋯C (12.5%) and C⋯C (4%) are the most important contributors towards the crystal packing.

Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 2-chloro-3-[(E)-(2-phenyl-hydrazinyl-idene)meth-yl]quinoline.

A new quinoline-based hydrazone, C16H12ClN3, was synthesized by a condensation reaction of 2-chloro-3-formyl-quinoline with phenyl-hydrazine. The quinoline ring system is essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.012 Å), and forms a dihedral angle of 8.46 (10)° with the phenyl ring. The mol-ecule adopts an E configuration with respect to the central C=N bond. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by a C-H⋯π-phenyl inter-action, forming zigzag chains propagating along the [10] direction. The N-H hydrogen atom does not participate in hydrogen bonding but is directed towards the phenyl ring of an adjacent mol-ecule, so linking the chains via weak N-H⋯π inter-actions to form of a three-dimensional structure. The Hirshfeld surface analysis of the crystal structure indicates that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H (35.5%), C⋯H/H⋯C (33.7%), Cl⋯H/H⋯Cl (12.3%), N⋯H/H⋯N (9.5%) contacts.

Crystal structure, spectroscopic characterization and Hirshfeld surface analysis of trans-di-aqua-[2,5-bis-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxa-diazole]di-thio-cyanato-nickel(II).

The reaction of 2,5-bis-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxa-diazole (4-pox) and thio-cyanate ions, used as co-ligand with nickel salt NiCl2·6H2O, produced the title complex, [Ni(NCS)2(C12H8N4O)2(H2O)2]. The NiII atom is located on an inversion centre and is octa-hedrally coordinated by four N atoms from two ligands and two pseudohalide ions, forming the equatorial plane. The axial positions are occupied by two O atoms of coordinated water mol-ecules. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked into a three-dimensional network through strong O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds. Hirshfeld surface analysis was used to investigate the inter-molecular inter-actions in the crystal packing.

Hemisynthesis, crystal structure and inhibitory effect of sesquiterpenic thiosemicarbazones and thiazolidin-4-ones on the corrosion behaviour of stainless steel in 1†M H2SO4 solution.

Treatment of thiosemicarbazones prepared from sesquiterpenes with ethyl 2-bromoacetate in the presence of sodium acetate afforded the corresponding thiazolidin-4-ones. The structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were established by considering spectral and single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The title compound, ethyl 2-((Z)-2-{(Z)-[(1aR,5aR,9aS)-1,1-dichloro-1a,5,5,7-tetramethyl-1a,2,3,4,5,5a,8,9-octahydro-1H-benzo[a]cyclopropa[b][7]annulen-8-ylidene]hydrazono}-4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)acetate, C23H31Cl2N3O3S, 5, crystallizes in the orthorhombic noncentrosymmetric space group P212121 with Z = 4. Within the molecule in the crystal structure, the cyclohexene ring has an envelope conformation and the cycloheptane ring, to which it is fused, has a boat conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C-H...Cl hydrogen bonds forming chains propagating along the b-axis direction. The absolute configuration of the molecule in the crystal could be fully confirmed from anomalous dispersion effects [Flack parameter = -0.04 (2)]. Thiosemicarbazones 1 and 2 are efficient inhibitors for steel corrosion in 1 M H2SO4 solution, with a maximum efficiency of 92.28% at 10-3 M. Furthermore, thiosemicarbazone compounds were found to be more efficient than thiazolidin-4-one derivatives. In addition, cyclic voltammetry was used to characterize the tested molecules, as well to estimate the experimental value of the energy band gap.

Crystal structure of (4bS,8aR)-1-isopropyl-4b,8,8-trimethyl-7-oxo-4b,7,8,8a,9,10-hexa-hydro-phenanthren-2-yl acetate.

The title compound, C22H28O3, was prepared by a direct acetyl-ation reaction of naturally occurring totarolenone. The mol-ecule contains three fused rings, which exhibit different conformations. The central ring has a half-chair conformation, while the non-aromatic oxo-substituted ring has a screw-boat conformation. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯π inter-actions, forming sheets parallel to the bc plane. The carbonyl O atoms and the C atom at the 6-position of the cyclo-hexene ring are each disordered over two sets of sites with major occupancy components of 0.63 (7) and 0.793 (14), respectively.

Crystal structure of methyl (Z)-2-[(Z)-3-methyl-2-({(E)-1-[(R*)-4-methyl-cyclo-hex-3-en-1-yl]ethyl-idene}hydrazinyl-idene)-4-oxo-thia-zolidin-5-yl-idene]acetate.

The new title 4-thia-zolidinone derivative, C16H21N3O3S, was obtained from the cyclization reaction of 4-methyl-3-thio-semicarbazone and dimethyl acetyl-enedi-carboxyl-ate (DMAD). The cyclo-hexyl-idene ring has an envelope conformation with the stereogenic centre C atom as the flap. Its mean plane makes a dihedral angle of 56.23 (9)° with the thia-zolidine ring mean plane. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming chains propagating in the [001] direction. Within the chains there are offset π-π inter-actions between the thia-zolidine rings of inversion-related mol-ecules [centroid-centroid distance = 3.703 (1) Å]. The chains are linked by further C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming slabs parallel to the ac plane.

Crystal structure of 2-meth-oxy-1-nitro-naphthalene.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C11H9NO3, contains two mol-ecules, A and B. In mol-ecule A, the dihedral angle between the planes of the naphthalene ring system (r.m.s. deviation = 0.003 Å) and the nitro group is 89.9 (2)°, and the C atom of the meth-oxy group deviates from the naphthyl plane by 0.022 (2) Å. Equivalent data for mol-ecule B are 0.008 Å, 65.9 (2)° and -0.198 (2) Å, respectively. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by weak C-H⋯O inter-actions, forming [100] chains of alternating A and B mol-ecules. Weak aromatic π-π stacking contacts, with a range of centroid-centroid distances from 3.5863 (9) to 3.8048 (9) Å, are also observed.

Crystal stucture of methyl 2-({[2-(meth-oxy-carbon-yl)phen-yl]carbamo-yl}amino)-benzoate.

In the title compound, C17H16N2O5, the dihedral angles between the central urea [N-C(=O)-N] fragment and its attached benzene rings are 20.20 (14) and 24.24 (13)°; the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 42.1 (1)°. The mol-ecular conformation is consolidated by two intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which both generate S(6) rings. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of C-H⋯O inter-actions generate R 2 (2)(14) loops. The dimers are linked by further C-H⋯O inter-actions into (011) sheets.

Crystal structure of ethyl 2-(4-chloro-anilino)acetate.

The title compound, C10H12ClNO2, is close to planar (r.m.s. deviation for the 14 non-H atoms = 0.053 Å). In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N-H⋯Oc (c = carbox-yl) hydrogen bonds generate R 2 (2)(10) loops.

3-Methyl-sulfanyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazine.

In the mol-ecule of the title compound, C10H9N3S, the dihedral angle between the triazine and phenyl rings is 11.77 (7)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-centroid distances = 3.7359 (3) and 3.7944 (4) Å], forming layers parallel to the bc plane.

Structural features of the modulated BiCu2(P(1-x)V(x))O6 solid solution; 4-D treatment of x = 0.87 compound and magnetic spin-gap to gapless transition in new Cu2+ two-leg ladder systems.

The BiCu(2)(P(1-x)V(x))O(6) system shows the appearance of various phenomena that progressively change as a function of the average (P/V)O(4) groups size. Then, from x = 0 to x approximately 0.7, a solid solution exists with respect to the basic orthorhombic unit cell of BiCu(2)PO(6). For greater x values (0.7 < x <0.96), structural modulations with incommensurate q vector that slightly change versus x appear. The 4-D treatment of single-crystal XRD data of the modulated phase corresponding to x = 0.87 at 100 K (orthorhombic, a = 12.379(3)Angstrom, b = 5.2344(9) Angstrom, c = 7.8270(14) Angstrom, q = 0.268(3) b*, super space group: Xbmm(0gamma0) s00, X stands for the nonprimitive centering vector (1/2,0,1/2,1/2), R(obs)(overall) = 5.27%, R(obs)(fundamental) = 4.48%, R(obs)(satellite) = 6.58%) has evidenced strong positional modulated effects within the [BiCu(2)O(2)](3+) ribbons while three XO(4) configurations compete along the x(4) fourth dimension. There is no P/V segregation along x(4) in good agreement with steric-only origins of the modulation. Finally for 0.96 < x <1, two phases coexist, i.e., BiCu(2)VO(6) (X = 1) and a modulated phase of the previous domain.The BiCu(2)VO(6) crystal structure shows a unit cell tripling associated with monoclinic symmetry lowering. The VO(4) orientations between two ribbons proceed with respect to the interribbon distance. Then the full system shows flexible interactions between modulated Bi/M/O-based ribbons and surrounding tetrahedral groups, depending on the average XO(4) size. Furthermore, between two ribbons the Cu(2+) arrangement forms magnetically isolated zigzag copper two-leg ladders. Our preliminary results show a spin-gap behavior likely due to the existence of true S = (1)/(2) Heisenberg two-leg ladders. Modulated compositions are gapless, in good agreement with band-broadening toward a continuum in the magnetic excitation spectrum. The continuous distribution of Cu-Cu distances along the rungs and legs of the ladders should be mainly responsible for this magnetic change.