Anti-Cancer Effect of Bromelain and Its Combination with Cisplatin on HN5 Cell Line (Squamous Cell Carcinoma).

Statement of the Problem: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) comprises over 90% of oral malignancies. Cisplatin, as a selective chemotherapy agent to treat SCC, has many side effects despite its high effectiveness. There are some studies on the effects of bromelain derived from pineapple stems on different malignancies. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bromelain alone and in combination with Cisplatin on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and fibroblast cell lines. Materials and Method: In this interventional study, the HN5 cell line of OSCC and fibroblast cell line were treated with different concentrations of bromelain alone and in combination with cisplatin. Cell viability test was performed after 24, 48 and 72 hours using MTT (3-)4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl(-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. In the final stage, the drug-treated cells underwent flow cytometry to assess apoptosis patterns. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17, ANOVA (for general comparison of groups) and LSD post hoc tests (for comparison two groups). p< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The findings suggested that although bromelain showed toxic effects on HN5 cancer cells, its combination with Cisplatin resulted in little improvement in its effectiveness. Bromelain alone and in combination with Cisplatin presented cytotoxic effects against fibroblasts, which depended on the dosage and time exposure (p< 0.05). The flow cytometry results did not support the superior effect of the combination of two medications over Cisplatin alone (p> 0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings, although adding bromelain to Cisplatin reduced toxicity on normal tissues, the combination of these two drugs did not increase the anticancer effect of Cisplatin. Thus, bromelain in combination with Cisplatin is not recommended as an adjuvant drug for OSCC.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma - a case report.

Fibrous histiocytoma is a mesenchymal neoplasm with benign and malignant varieties. This tumor mainly affects the skin of extremities in adults and may on rare occasions affect the oral cavity. The tumor has radiographic features in very rare cases. The present case report aims to conduct a clinicopathological-radiographic and immunohistochemical assessment and treatment of a patient with this lesion.

The influence of ergonomic breastfeeding training on some health parameters in infants and mothers: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is considered as a protective factor against non-communicable diseases in infants and mothers. The first aim of this study was to assess the influence of ergonomic breastfeeding training on the infants' growth. The second aim was to investigate the effectiveness of this training for improving musculoskeletal disorders in mothers. METHODS: In this randomized control trial, 104 participants who were referred to the health centers in Shiraz for breastfeeding care were randomly allocated into the intervention or comparison group using a size-four block sampling method. At birth, 2, 4, and 6 months later childbirth, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment was used to assess musculoskeletal disorders in participants, and the severity of their discomfort was measured with the Visual Analog Scale. During the 6 months of the study (March to September, 2017), the weight and height of the neonates were measured every 2 months. RESULTS: Significant differences were found between groups in the priority level for corrective action in mothers' postures determined by Rapid Upper Limb Assessment at 2, 4 and 6 months after childbirth (p < 0.001). Based on the Visual Analog Scale results in mothers at 6 months after childbirth, fewer back pain was reported by the intervention group (p = 0.03). No significant difference were found in the infants' weights and heights in boys and girls at all growing stages between the two study groups (p > 0.05). However, the mean height for age of the girl infants at age of 6 months was higher among intervention groups compared to the controls (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that ergonomic breastfeeding training reduced the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in mothers but seems not to have any significant and consistent impact on the infants' growth. TRIAL REGISTRATION: fa.irct.ir IRCT2014042317398N1.

Comparison of sleep complaints and quality of life between patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and healthy controls.

BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder which is associated with sleep disturbances and a lower quality of life. The aims of the study were: (1) Comparing sleep characteristics, quality of life, and symptoms of depression and anxiety between patients with NMOSD and healthy controls (HCs). (2) Predicting sleep characteristics among patients with NMOSD based on psychological and illness-related factors. METHOD: A total of 41 patients with NMOSD (Mean age = 37.48 years; 73.2% f) and 46 matched HCs took part in the study. Individuals with NMOSD reported on illness duration, fatigue and EDSS scores; further, all participants completed self-rating questionnaires covering sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome, quality of life, depression and anxiety. RESULTS: Compared to HCs, individuals with NMOSD reported a lower quality of life, higher symptoms of anxiety and depression, and more symptoms of restless legs syndrome. Among individuals with NMOSD, longer illness duration and higher fatigue scores predicted poor sleep quality. CONCLUSION: Compared to HCs, individuals with NMOSD reported poorer quality of life and higher levels of depression and anxiety. Further, among individuals with NMOSD, sleep characteristics are predicted by a complex variety of illness-related factors.

Juvenile Trabecular Ossifying Fibroma-a Case Report.

Ossifying fibroma is a benign osteogenic mesenchymal tumor that is classified in the fibro-osseous lesions. Fibro-osseous lesions contain minerals, blood vessels, and giant cells that have the same radiographic and pathologic features but have different clinical behaviors, and were replaced with the normal bone. These lesions include fibrous dysplasia, cemento-osseous dysplasia, and ossifying fibroma. Juvenile ossifying fibroma is a type of uncommon and has invasive behavior, high incidence and occurs in young men, especially in maxilla, and is different from the type of adult in age, location, and clinical behavior and microscopic view. Pathologically, ossifying fibroma is divided into two types of trabecular and psammomatoid. The trabecular type is characterized by the presence of the osteoid trabeculae and the woven bone, and the type of psammomatoid by the presence of round, integrated, and small ossicles that are similar to the components of the psammoma. The purpose of this report is the clinical examination, radiography, pathology, and the treatment of a rare case of ossifying fibroma (trabecular) in mandible in a 7-year-old boy.