Evaluating deposited radiation energy amount and collision quantities of small-molecule radiosensitizers through Monte Carlo simulations.

This study investigates the photon interaction mechanism of various small molecule radiosensitizers, including Hydrogen Peroxide, Nimorazole, 5-Fluorouracil, NVX-108, and others, using the MCNP 6.3 Monte Carlo simulation code. The simulations focused on quantifying the linear attenuation coefficients, mean free path, and accumulation factors of these radiosensitizers, as well as their interactions in a simulated spherical water phantom irradiated with a 100 keV mono-energetic X-ray source. Our findings reveal significant variations in deposited energy, collision events, and mean free path among the radiosensitizers, indicating different efficacy levels in enhancing radiation therapy. Notably, NVX-108 demonstrated the highest energy deposition, suggesting its potential as a highly effective radiosensitizer. The study also examined the individual attenuation properties of these radiosensitizers against energetic photons, with NVX-108 showing the highest attenuation coefficient and a shorter mean free path, further supporting its superior potential in effective radiosensitization. It can be concluded that NVX-108 has higher interaction tendency with the energetic photons comparing other small-molecules under investigation.

Biological Activities and Chemical Compositions of Prangos platychlaena Boiss. Essential Oil and Fractions, Multivariate Statistical Analyses.

In this research, essential oil was obtained from the aerial parts of Prangos platychlaena Boiss. by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus, separated into fractions having different polarities by column chromatography. Both essential oil and the fractions were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS simultaneously. Nona-3,5-diyne-2-yl acetate (46%) and 3,5-nonadiyne (13.5%) were found to be the main constituents of the essential oil. While the main components of the n-hexane fraction were characterized as 3,5-nonadiyne (45.6%) and germacrene B (16.4%), the major components of the methanol fraction were found to be nona-3,5-diyne-2-yl acetate (59.6%) and 3,5-nonadiyne-2-ol (25.9%). In addition, principal multivariate statistical analyses were performed with principal component analyses and Venn diagram calculations, utilizing chemical compositions of the essential oil and the fractions. Furthermore, in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil and the fractions were evaluated to correlate the chemical composition with the biological activity, and to the best of our knowledge, this study was performed for the first time in this aspect. LOX inhibitions of the essential oil, n-hexane, and methanol fractions were determined to be 70.98 ± 1.7, 67.10 ± 2.5, and 50.11 ± 4.8%, respectively. Preliminary initial findings of this study will be extended in the future with new biological assays.