Endovascular treatment of basilar tip aneurysms associated with moyamoya disease.

We report the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment of basilar tip aneurysms (BTA) in five patients with moyamoya disease. The patients underwent intra-aneurysmal embolisation with detachable platinum coils. Three BTA presented with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH); the other two were asymptomatic. In four cases, one embolisation procedure produced >95% angiographic obliteration of the aneurysm. In the other patient, 80-90% obliteration was achieved initially, but due to growth of the residual aneurysm, the procedure was repeated 7 months later. Two patients experienced transient oculomotor paresis as a procedure-related complication. Mean follow-up was 43.6+/-34.0 months (range 8-92 months). One patient died of putaminal haemorrhage unrelated to the aneurysm 15 months after embolisation. The other four had no subsequent SAH and survived without sequelae. Endovascular embolisation using detachable platinum coils proved to be a safe and efficient treatment modality for BTA associated with moyamoya disease.

Disinfection potential of electrolyzed solutions containing sodium chloride at low concentrations.

Electrolyzed products of sodium chloride solution were examined for their disinfection potential against hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. Electrolysis of 0.05% NaCl in tap water was carried out for 45 min at room temperature using a 3 A electric current in separate wells installed with positive and negative electrodes. The electrolyzed products were obtained from the positive well. The oxidation reduction potential (ORP), pH and free chlorine content of the product were 1053 mV, pH 2.34 and 4.20 ppm, respectively. The products modified the antigenicity of the surface protein of HBV as well as the infectivity of HIV in time- and concentration-dependent manner. Although the inactivating potential was decreased by the addition of contaminating protein, recycling of the product or continuous addition of fresh product may restore the complete disinfection against bloodborne pathogens.

[Retroperitoneal Castleman's disease occurred around the bilateral upper ureters. A case report].

A 45-year-old woman with a history of right regional dull pain was referred to our hospital for evaluation of right hydronephrosis. CT and MRI showed a solitary mass (1 x 1 cm, L1-L2 level) at the right upper ureter. Laboratory data were within the normal range. A right nephrectomy was carried out under a clinical diagnosis of primary right ureteral tumor. The pathohistological diagnosis of surgical specimen was plasma cell type of Castleman's disease. One year after surgery, the patient was rehospitalized for azotemia and left hydronephrosis. Abdominal CT revealed a solitary mass (1.5 x 1.5 cm) located at left upper ureter similar to that on her right side. We diagnosed that the mass lesion was due to asynchronous Castleman's disease, so we performed steroid therapy. After the treatment, mass had disappeared. The patient is uneventful for two years. This is the first case reported in the Japanese literature describing Castleman's disease occurred around the bilateral upper ureters.