[Psychological care for the children of jihadists: modalities and challenges]. / La prise en charge psychologique des enfants de djihadistes : modalités et enjeux.

Since March 2017, minors returning from the terrorist groups' operation areas benefit from a medical and psychological assessment by referral centres throughout France. At the Avicenne hospital in Bobigny (AP-HP, 93), a team assesses the children of jihadists who land at Paris-Roissy-Charles-de-Gaulle airport. This evaluation raises unprecedented clinical questions and confronts professionals with challenges related to the history of these children and the context of their return.

Under-Age Children Returning From Jihadist Group Operation Areas: How Can We Make a Diagnosis and Construct a Narrative With a Fragmentary Anamnesis?

INTRODUCTION: Since 2011, the French government estimates that about 500 French children have been born in or taken by their parents to areas where terrorist operations prevail. Since May 2017, 75 children who returned to France have benefited from a dedicated health care system. METHOD: This article is the result of clinical interviews conducted with 53 patients evaluated and taken care of at Avicenne Hospital in Bobigny. To our knowledge, no studies have been published on this subject. RESULTS: A total of 32 evaluations have been completed, all of which indicated the need for care for these children. Of these children, 64% are under 5 years old, and 59% were born in France. Their clinical profiles are heterogeneous and fluctuate with time. DISCUSSION: The multiple adverse events experienced by these children and the uniqueness of children born to families suspected by authorities of having participated in activities related to terrorism make this situation unprecedented. How can we make a diagnosis of PTSD without the help of a precise anamnesis? How can we help these children form a structuring narrative that avoids the pitfalls inherent to generalized fascination?

The benefits of mindfulness-based interventions on burnout among health professionals: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: Healthcare professional burnout affects performance and has a negative impact on healthcare as a whole. Mindfulness-based Interventions (MIs), developed over the last 30 years, are increasingly used by healthcare professionals to reduce the risk of burnout. Yet the impact of MIs on burnout remains to be clarified. This review aimed to summarize and evaluate the existing literature on the potential benefits of MIs to minimize burnout risk. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of the literature, reporting according to the PRISMA standards. PubMed, Psychinfo, Web of Science and Science Direct databases were screened for original articles. Articles in English assessing an MI in combination with burnout measures were included up to September 2018. RESULTS: Thirty-four articles were included. Only four randomised controlled trials concluded to burnout improvement after several weeks of MIs (11,8%). In the remaining five randomised controlled trials, results did not reach statistical significance. Of the four controlled, non-randomised studies, three showed significant improvements on burnout. Twenty-one studies did not report a controlled trial design. Overall the results appeared to be widely heterogeneous and several methodological concerns arose from the review. CONCLUSION: This review shows the overall insufficient level of evidence offered by the literature assessing the effects of MIs on burnout in health professional populations. However, some studies have reported promising results and future research should address methodological issues and define more precise contexts of interventions and target populations that could benefit from MIs.