[Chemotherapy for tuberculosis in children and adolescents: problems and ways of their solution].

Treatment of 329 patients aged 4-17 years who had first detected tuberculosis was analyzed. The clinical pattern is mainly represented by infiltrative, focal tuberculosis and tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes (94.5%) and, in single cases, by other forms of tuberculosis. Treatment was performed according to regimens I and III. The time of abacillation is 1-2 months shorter than positive X-ray changes. In this connection, the results of X-ray monitoring may be regarded as the leading criterion for completion of intensive care. Microbiological monitoring methods should be primarily used to evaluate the initial combination of chemotherapy. The active application of pathogenetic treatment modalities that promote the acceleration of reparative processes (physiotherapy in particular) generated the necessity of using 3 antituberculous agents in the phase of treatment continuation.

[Pulmonary tuberculosis in adolescents in relation to different degree of drug resistance]. / Techenie tuberkuleza legkikh u podrostkov v zavisimosti ot raznoi stepeni lekarstvennoi rezistentnosti.

Ninety adolescents with bacterial isolates of active forms of pulmonary tuberculosis were followed up. Drug resistance of Mycobacteria tuberculosis was revealed in 57 (63.3%) patients. Primary resistance was determined in 43 (47.7%) patients. The patients had not received antituberculous agents. Complete or partial coincidence of MBT resistance and sensitivity with the data of an infection focus. The course of tuberculosis during adequate treatment by using essential and reserve agents in the adolescents with varying MBT resistance was different. In patients (n = 18) resistant to 1-2 agents, the course of the disease little differed from that in those patients with drug-responding tuberculosis, except for later closure of decay cavities. In patients resistant to 3 drugs or more showed a slow course of the disease with significant residual changes in most patients.

[Organizational-methodological approaches to treating tuberculosis in children and adolescents in the growth of an endemic disease]. / Ob organizatsionno-metodicheskikh podkhodakh k lecheniiu tuberkuleza u detei i podrostkov pri roste éndemii zabolevaniia.

The paper presents guidelines in treating tuberculosis in children from the experience gained in Russia and other foreign countries. Emphasis is laid on the necessity of applying a comprehensive approach to the treatment whose main constituents are sanitary and dietary regimens, etiotropic and pathogenetic therapies, prevention of exacerbations or treatment of concomitant diseases. It is important to use antituberculous agents rationally by determining a standard treatment regimens for patients with various somatic diseases. Of great value is the pattern of organization of a therapeutical process at different stages (institutional treatment at a hospital, day hospital, or sanatorium and outpatient treatment), which secures continuity and accordingly enhances the efficiency of treatment as a whole.

[Modern aspects of the combined treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in adolescents]. / Sovremennye aspekty kompleksnogo lecheniia tuberkuleza legkikh u podrostkov.

The paper presents the follow-up data on 171 adolescents with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Extensive, complicated processes were encountered in 30% of patients. Chemotherapy was used in relation to the severity of disease, to the presence of decay and bacterial isolation, to the sensitivity of Mycobacteria tuberculosis. Most patients received routine treatment regimens including four (n = 66) or three (n = 51) drugs. The treatment involved auxiliary drugs (tarivid, protionamid, amykacin). Pathogenetic treatments (lidase therapy, laser blood radiation, magnetic therapy) were employed. Comorbidity was also treated. Good results were achieved in 95.4% of patients. Hospital treatment decreased by 1.5-3 months.

[Magnetic laser therapy in combination with lymphotropic drugs administration in treating teenagers with common forms of tuberculosis]. / Magnitolazerterapiia v sochetanii s limfotropnym vvedeniiem khimiopreparatov pri lechenii podrostkov s rasprostranennymi formami tuberkuleza.

The paper shows the efficiency of combined use of magnetic laser therapy (MLT) and lymphotropic drug therapy in 40 teenagers with common forms of tuberculosis. The use of laser makes it possible to modify methods of regional lymphotropic therapy, to prolong its use and increase indications for it. MLT in combination with lymphotropic drug therapy accelerates positive changes and hence enhances the efficiency of tuberculosis treatment.