[Analysis of mitochondrial DNA variation in the population of Oroks].

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation was studied in population of Oroks (n = 61), the indigenous inhabitants of Eastern Siberia. Most of the mtDNA types examined fell into five haplogroups (C, D, G, M10, and Y) typical of Eastern Eurasian populations. For three haplogroups (D, C, and M10), the founder effect was established. In one individual, a unique lineage belonging to haplogroup HV and typical of Caucasoids was detected.

[Phylogeografic analysis of mitochondrial DNA Nogays: the high level of mixture of maternal lineages from Eastern and Western Eurasia]. / Filogeograficheskii analiz mtDNK nogaitsev: vysokii uroven' smesheniia materinskikh linii vostochnoi i zapadnoi Evrazii.

Analysis of markers mtDNA in a population of Nogays (n = 206), living on Nothern Caucasus and speaking on language of Turkic branch of the Altaic linguistic family, has shown, that the level of their genetic differentiation is high (H = 0.99). Among the found haplotypes there is all the basic Western Eurasian haplogroups, most often of which are clusters H (22%) and U (21%), however, the percentage of the lineages specific only for populations of East Eurasia (40%) is highest. In a population of Nogays there are also variants mtDNA, belonging to haplogroup M1, characteristic for North East Africa, and gaplogroup U2, typical for populations of India. This testifies about presence in a gene pool of Nogays people of components of a various parentage.

[Genetic structure of people from the Volga-Ural region and Central Asia from data of Alu-polymorphism]. / Geneticheskaia struktura narodov volgo-ural'skogo regiona i srednei azii po dannym Alu-polimorfizma.

Nine Alu loci (Ya5NBC5, Ya5NBC27, Ya5NBC148, Ya5NBC182, YA5NBC361, ACE, ApoA1, PV92, TPA25) were analyzed in six ethnic populations (Trans-Ural Bashkirs, Tatars-Mishars, Mordovians-Moksha, Mountain Maris, Udmurts, and Komi-Permyaks) of the Volga-Ural region and in three Central Asian populations (Uzbeks, Kazakhs, and Uigurs). All Alu insertions analyzed appeared to be polymorphic in all populations examined. The frequency of insertion varied from 0.110 in Mountain Maris at the Ya5NBC5 locus to 0.914 in Tatars at the ApoA1 locus. The data on the allele frequency distribution at nine loci point to the existence of substantial genetic diversity in the populations examined. The value of the observed heterozygosity averaged over nine Alu insertions varied from 0.326 in Mountain Maris to 0.445 in Kazakhs and Uigurs. The level of the interpopulation genetic differences for the Volga-Ural population (Fst = 0.061) was higher than for the populations of Central Asia (Fst = 0.024), Europe (Fst = 0.02), and Southeastern Asia (Fst = 0.018). The populations examined were highly differentiated both in respect of linguistic characteristics and the geographical position. The data obtained confirmed the effectiveness of the marker system used for the assessment of genetic differentiation and the relationships between the ethnic groups.

[VNTR-polymorphism of the PAH, e-NOS genes and deletion of the CCR5 gene in populations in the northern Caucasus]. / Izuchenie VNTR-polimorfizma genov RAN, eNOS i deletsii gena CCR5 u narodov severnogo Kavkaza.

VNTR allelic polymorphism at the phenylalanine hydroxilase (PAH) and endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes and the prevalence of the CCR5 chemokine receptor gene 32-bp deletion were examined in four indigenous populations of Northern Caucasus, Adygs, Kumyks, Karachais, and Nogais (Kuban and Karanogais). Population-specific features of the allele and genotype frequency distribution patterns of the polymorphisms examined were described. The data obtained were compared to those obtained from literature. The results of the study confirmed that the frequency and occurrence of the PAH polymorphic alleles exhibit substantial interpopulation differences. In the populations of Northern Caucasus, the eNOS minisatellite polymorphism alleles and genotypes frequency distribution patterns were close to those described earlier for populations of the Volga-Ural region (VUR), and also for the Australian Caucasoids, Japanese, and Turks. In the populations examined, the mean frequency of the CCR5 gene deletion was 0.055, which was somewhat lower than in the populations of VUR (0.07) and Europe (0.081), and practically identical to that in Asian populations (0.050). For each population observed and expected heterozygosities at each locus were calculated. In general, the gene pool of Northern Caucasian populations showed substantial differentiation at the loci examined: the GST value was 0.0274. The data for individual loci showed that the greater contribution to the interpopulation diversity was made by the differences in the PAH VNTR allele frequencies (GST = 0.04), while the differences at the eNOS and CCR5 loci were small (GST = 0.0025 and GST = 0.0039, respectively).

[Methods of isolation and quantitative analysis of fibronectin in biological fluids]. / Metody vydeleniia i kolichestvennogo opredeleniia fibronektina biologicheskikh zhidkostei.

The theoretical and methodological aspects of fibronectin isolation and quantitative determination in biological fluids are analysed on the basis of the communications available in the literature and the authors' own data. The procedure of applying the analyzed methods, potential complexity and errors in interpreting the data obtained by various methods are briefly outlined. Possible fields of their application, such as basic and clinical investigations, biotechnological production, etc. are also discussed.

[Immunoenzyme, turbidimetric and affinity chromatographic methods of determining the fibronectin level in human plasma (comparability of results and effect of conditions and duration of blood storage)]. / Immunofermentnoe, turbidimetricheskoe i affinno-khromatograficheskoe izmerenie kontsentratsii fibronektina v plazme krovi cheloveka (sopostavimost' rezul'tatov i vliianie uslovii i vremeni khraneniia krovi).

Immunoenzymatic, turbidimetric and affinity chromatography methods used for estimation of fibronectin concentration exhibited the similar results but the turbidimetric procedure was more simple and less time-consuming. Concentration of fibronectin was not decreased in blood maintained in polymer container "Gemacon 500" within 48 hrs both at 4 degrees and 20 degrees, while about 40 = 50% of fibronectin was lost after storage of blood in glass flasks under similar conditions.

[Effect of aseptic inflammation on the course of transplantable leukemia in C-58 strain mice]. / Vliianie asepticheskogo vospaleniia na techenie perevivnogo leikoza u myshei linii C-58.

An investigation was carried out on 59 mice of high leukemic line C-58. It is shown that aseptic inflammation inhibited the leukemic process in mice with transplantable leukemia, stimulated the myeloid sprout of hemopoiesis and suppressed the lymphoid one, and also decreased the spleen and thymus mass.