Activity of glycogen depolymerizing enzymes in extracts from brain tumor tissue (anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme).

An approximately threefold increase in glycogenolytic activity of the neutral alpha-1,4-glucosidase and a twofold increase in the same activity of the acid isoform have been found in extracts of anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme tumors of brain tissue. "Maltase activity" of the respective enzymes increased by 60-80% in both kinds of tumor extracts. However a significant decrease in a-amylase and almost complete disappearance of phosphorylase activities have also been found in both kinds of tumors.

Non-phosphorylative transglucosylation and other biochemical indices in serum and uterine myoma in women.

Non-phosphorylative transglucosylation, GGT and LAP activity, the level of some "acute phase" proteins i.e. sialic acids, ceruloplasmin, papain and trypsin inhibitors were examined in the serum, normal myometrium around tumours and in the uterine myoma of women. It was observed that the contents of proteins in the "acute phase" as well as GGT and LAP activity increased in the serum, whereas a decreased activity of these enzymes accompanied by increased transferase activity was observed in uterine myoma.

[Effect of adrenergic drugs and exploitation on sexual reflexes and semen properties in Polish large white boars aged 2-3 years]. / Wplyw leków ukladu adrenargicznego i eksploatacji na odruchy plciowe i wlasciwosci nasienia knurów rasy wbp w wieku 2-3 lat.

The effect of exploitation and adrenergic system drugs on sexual reflexes and properties of the semen in somatically mature Polish Large White boars has been presented. At the first stage 8 males were exploited twice a week. Then, previous to semen collection, the animals were given beta-adrenolytic (Propranolol--Polfa), after 30 minutes followed by the preparation Levonor--Polfa (alpha-adrenomimetic). 15 minutes after last injection the semen was collected, this procedure having been repeated twice a week. At the second stage of the experiment the same males were exploited once a week. Like in the first stage, the animals were given the same doses of the drugs in the same sequence. 15 minutes after last injection the semen was collected once a week. At the third stage of the experiment the boars were exploited every day. Again, like in the previous stages, the animals were given the above mentioned beta-adrenolytic and alpha-adrenomimetic to collect the semen 15 minutes after last injection. In all the stages of the experiment 6-8 ejaculates were collected from each boar. Apart from preliminary assessment of concentration and morphology of spermatozoons there was determined the level of protein and activity of selected enzymes in the semen. The sexual drive as well as the time of searching reflex and ejaculation were observed. The drugs applied have been proved to be able to prolong the time of ejaculation reflex. Simultaneous application of beta-adrenolytic and alpha-adrenomimetic to animals exploited twice a week appeared to increase the number of spermatozoons in the whole ejaculate, the percentage of spermatozoons with proper movement and the activity of GGT and fucosidase. Intensive exploitation of a boar with parallel application of the preparations described bring about a gradual decrease in spermatozoons and protein in the ejaculate as well as in the activity of hyaluronidase in its plasma and in conversion to mg protein of semen plasma.

Non-phosphorylative transglucosylation in the serum and liver of mice with transplantable leukaemias.

Transglucosylative activity was examined in the serum and liver of mice with transplantable leukaemias, using following synthetic substrates: p-nitrophenyl-N-maltoside, as well as p-nitrophenyl-N-glucoside and maltose. In the serum of mice with leukaemias L 1210/ara-C and L 1210/CH3G as well as lymphoma AKSL-4 and plasmocytoma ADJ PC-5 there was observed a statistically significant decrease in the transglucosylative activity compared with the control group. Examination of extracts from the liver of mice proved increased transglucosylative activity at leukaemias L 1210/ara-C and AKSL-4. No significant changes in the transglucosylative activity were found at leukaemias L 1210/CH3G and ADJ PC-5.

[Non-phosphorylative transglycosylation in the serum and liver of mice with transplantable leukemia P388 and L1210]. / Niefosforylacyjna transglikozylacja w surowicy i w watrobie myszy z przeszczepialna bialaczka limfatyczna P 388 i L 1210.

Nonphosphorylative transglycosylation was determined both against p-nitrophenyl-N-maltoside and maltose with p-nitrophenyl-N-glucoside in serum and liver of mice with transplantable leukemia P 388 and L 1210. Histopathological verification of lymph nodes, spleen and liver of all used mice was carried out. Significant increase of transglycosylating activity in serum of P 388 mice and simultaneously decrease enzymatic activity in liver was observed. Moreover decrease of examined activity in serum and liver of L 1210 mice was demonstrated. The donor properties of some sugar in transglycosylation reaction was investigated.

[Non-phosphorylative transglycosylation in extracts from white and red muscles of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)]. / Niefosforylacyjna transglikozylacja w wyciagach z miesni bialych i czerwonych karpia (Cyprinus carpio l.).

The enzymatic, nonphosphorylative reaction of transglycosylation in extracts from white and red muscles of the carp was studied. Amylomaltase (EC 2.4.1.25) activity was assayed using p-nitrophenyl-N-maltoside as substrate and the amount of p-nitrophenyl-N-maltotrioside was assumed as a measure of the enzyme activity. The pH and temperature optimum of the reaction was examined. In both types of muscles significant differences in transglycosylative activity and its decrease immediately after prolonged transport of carps were found.

The activity of glycogen breakdown enzymes in lymphocytes of bursectomized chickens.

Chickens bursectomized at the first 48 hours of life were used for experiments. They were divided into three groups: I group 8-10 weeks old, II group 11-14 weeks old and III group-over 14 weeks old. In the I experimental group the statistically essential increase of hydrolytic activity has been found. The phosphorolytic activity in the lymphocytes increases in the first experimental group and remains on still relatively high level in the second group as compared with the activity of the enzymes under investigations in control group of animals.

[Purification of alpha-1,4 leads to 1,4-glucosyltransferase from horse blood serum]. / Oczyszczanie alfa-1,4 leads to 1,4-glukozylotransferazy z surowicy krwi konia.

The purification of alpha-1,4-1,4-glucosyltransferase from the equine serum is presented. Ion-exchange chromatography on DE-11, DE-32 and CM-32 celluloses was applied in the successive steps of isolation. Gel-filtration on Bio-Gel P-200 was the last step of purification; it gave the protein which was homogeneous on disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purification degree was of the order 2100 at about 40% yield.

[Properties of alpha-1,4 leads to -glucosyltransferase from the muscles and blood serum of horses]. / Wlasciwosci alfa-1,4 leads to 1,4-glukozylotransferazy z miesni i surowicy krwi konia.

Alpha-1,4 leads to 1,4-glucosyltransferase preparations from horse muscles and serum were studied. The enzyme proteins from both tissues are very similar. Both proteins have a molecular weight of 240 000 and consist of four subunits of 60 000 daltons each. pH 5,0 is optimal for the activity. Only substrates with alpha-1, 4-linkages can serve as glucosyl donors for transferase reactions. Km values for both enzymes differ very slightly. At low substrate concentrations the hydrolytic activity can be found in addition to transferase reactions. At the concentration of the substrate higher than 40 mM only the transferase reactions are catalysed.