Implementation Strategies for Maternal Near-Miss Case Reviews in LICs and LMICs: A scoping review protocol.

Background: Maternal mortality remains a persistent public health concern despite significant strides in reduction over the past few decades, with a global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of 223 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2020, indicating a 34.3% decline over 20 years, with Low income countries (LICs) and Lower Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) bearing the major burden. Effective implementation of facility-based near-miss case reviews (NMCR), endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO), faces challenges hindering progress, making exploring implementation strategies through a scoping review essential. This scoping review aims to identify and characterize implementation strategies employed in Low and Lower Middle- Income Countries to facilitate the implementation of facility-based NMCR. Methods: The scoping review will follow Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework, involving five stages: identifying the research question, selecting relevant studies, selecting data, charting, and summarizing the results. Electronic databases like PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCOhost - CINAHL Ultimate, and Ovid MEDLINE will be searched, supplemented by citation tracking. Rayyan will be used to screen and remove duplicates, with data charting conducted using Google Sheets. Two independent reviewers will conduct blinded screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion phases. Reviewers will conduct Systematic data extraction independently using piloted forms, with discrepancies resolved through team discussion and consensus. Results: The review will identify and characterize implementation strategies employed to facilitate the implementation of facility-based near-miss case reviews in LICs and LMICs. Conclusions: The findings of this review will contribute to the understanding of implementing strategies for facility-based NMCR in LICs and LMICs. The review can help in designing interventions/programs to reduce maternal mortality and knowledge products.

Full-Dimensional Potential Energy and Dipole Moment Surfaces of GeH4 Molecule and Accurate First-Principle Rotationally Resolved Intensity Predictions in the Infrared.

Nine-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) and dipole moment surface (DMS) of the germane molecule are constructed using extended ab initio CCSD(T) calculations at 19 882 points. PES analytical representation is determined as an expansion in nonlinear symmetry adapted products of orthogonal and internal coordinates involving 340 parameters up to eighth order. Minor empirical refinement of the equilibrium geometry and of four quadratic parameters of the PES computed at the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVQZ-DK level of the theory yielded the accuracy below 1 cm-1 for all experimentally known vibrational band centers of five stable isotopologues of 70GeH4, 72GeH4, 73GeH4, 74GeH4, and 76GeH4 up to 8300 cm-1. The optimized equilibrium bond re = 1.517 594 Šis very close to best ab initio values. Rotational energies up to J = 15 are calculated using potential expansion in normal coordinate tensors with maximum errors of 0.004 and 0.0006 cm-1 for 74GeH4 and 76GeH4. The DMS analytical representation is determined through an expansion in symmetry-adapted products of internal nonlinear coordinates involving 967 parameters up to the sixth order. Vibration-rotation line intensities of five stable germane isotopologues were calculated from purely ab initio DMS using nuclear motion variational calculations with a full account of the tetrahedral symmetry of the molecules. For the first time a good overall agreement of main absorption features with experimental rotationally resolved Pacific Northwest National Laboratory spectra was achieved in the entire range of 700-5300 cm-1. It was found that very accurate description of state-dependent isotopic shifts is mandatory to correctly describe complex patterns of observed spectra at natural isotopic abundance resulting from the superposition of five stable isotopologues. The data obtained in this work will be made available through the TheoReTS information system.

Investigation of the electrochemical treatment for distillery wastewater.

The treatability study of distillery wastewater by electrochemical (EC) oxidation technique as pretreatment has been carried out. Batch experiments were conducted using stainless steel plates as electrodes to assess the effects of operating parameters such as pH, electrolysis duration (ED) and current density (CD). The EC treatment removed 58% COD at current density 0.12 A cm(-2) and at wastewater pH 3 with 120 min of ED. The BOD to COD ratio increased from 0.25 to 0.76 indicating considerable improvement in wastewater biodegradability. The maximum anodic efficiency and minimum energy consumption observed were 7.44 kg COD h(-1) A(-1) m(-2) and 0.19 kWh kg(-1) COD respectively.

A novel way to generate nonspecifically radiolabeled proteins for use as molecular-weight markers.

A method for labeling proteins using radioactive nucleotides in the presence of divalent cations such as Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+ is described. Small amounts of marker proteins can be rapidly labeled using the method and they can be used for molecular-weight determination of radioactive proteins of unknown molecular weights, as for example, any protein labeled with 35S-methionine in vivo or any protein radiolabeled by 32P in protein phosphorylation experiments. The gels in which the labeled markers and the proteins of unknown molecular weight are electrophoresed could be directly exposed to X-ray films and comparisons made from a single autoradiogram, avoiding a two step procedure of Coomassie blue staining followed by autoradiography and aligning of the two sets of bands. This metal-ion-mediated labeling of proteins described in the present communication is not by any site-specific interaction of the nucleotide with the proteins and the protein is denatured after the complex formation. The adducts, once formed, are stable under conditions of SDS-PAGE or EDTA treatment. It is suggested that proteins labeled under conditions described in this communication are ternary complexes involving aromatic residues of the proteins, nucleotides and the divalent cations.

Negative correlation with liver cell division of a 38 kilodalton protein whose phosphorylation is enhanced by ras and G-proteins.

We showed earlier that the phosphorylation of a 38 kDa protein (p38) from rat liver plasma membrane is stimulated by ras or endogenous G-proteins. We have now estimated the level of expression of p38 in liver tissues from embryos at different stages of development, regenerating liver and also in tumor cell lines of hepatic origin. Our results indicate that the expression of p38 is negatively correlated with cell division. It is suggested that the phosphorylation of p38, an event which is regulated by ras proteins and G-proteins, could be involved in signal transduction processes associated with the inhibitory regulation of cell division.